超低渗透油藏降压驱油表面活性剂驱技术

针对姬塬油田超低渗透油藏注入压力高,常规酸化及酸压等措施有效期短,且可能造成储层二次伤害的问题,根据L1区油藏地质特征,研发了一种具有很强的分散性、耐温、耐盐性的降压驱油表活剂JZ-01。通过室内实验评价了JZ-01界面活性、润湿性、吸附性、抑制黏土膨胀性、阻垢性及自发渗析性能,结果表明:JZ-01降压驱油活性剂具有较高的界面活性和改变储层润湿性能力,并具有一定的抑制黏土膨胀能力和防垢能力,以及较好的降压驱油应用潜力。通过在L1区现场试验4个临界高压井组,注水井较前期压力上升变缓,对应油井达到了控水增油效果。研究证明JZ-01表活剂具有降压驱油作用,对姬塬油田超低渗透油藏提高采收率具有重要意义。     

二连蒙古林普能调油砂岩油藏注聚合物驱油试验与效果评价

蒙古林砂岩油藏是一中高渗透普通稠油油藏是一中高渗透地下油粘度高达１２５ｍＰａ．Ｓ储层非均质性强,水驱波及系数小,驱油效率低。     

基于低渗透油藏驱油用的表面活性剂研究

针对传统低渗透油藏开采中,采用水驱采收率低和开发效果差的问题,提出一种无碱的阴离子-非离子表面活性剂体系。为验证该表面活性剂性能,对上海石油化工研究院合成的表面活性剂体系的界面张力进行实验。通过实验得到SHPC7体系性能最佳,能快速得到界面张力平衡状态。然后,配置不同浓度的SHPC7,并对其界面张力进行观察,从而得到其最佳的实验浓度。最后,通过模拟低渗透油藏环境,就SHPC7表面活性剂在乳化性能、驱油性能等进行评价,并将其与AOS表面活性剂比较。实验结果表明,在实验环境下SHPC7的乳化性能要优于AOS表面活性剂,同时随着SHPC7的加入,其采收率可提高15%。由此说明SHPC7体系在提高低渗透油藏开采方面具有很好的作用。     

表面活性剂驱油效率的影响因素研究

在83℃下测定了3种表面活性剂DL-S、HL-Y/NNR、GZ-16的油水界面张力、乳化能力以及改变油藏岩石润湿性的能力。利用低渗透岩心驱油实验研究表面活性剂的这3种特性对驱油效率的影响。结果表明,表面活性剂的浓度在1 000 mg/L时,DL-S的油水界面张力达到10-3mN/m超低数量级,HL-Y/NNR表现出较为优越的乳化性能,GZ-16具有较好的润湿性能。在驱油实验中,具有最好乳化性能的HL-Y/NNR提高采收率的幅度最大为12.91%,其次为具有超低界面张力的DL-S,相较而言,改变润湿性的能力对驱油效率的影响最小。     

中渗砂岩油藏脉动注水驱油机理研究

目前针对中渗砂岩脉动驱油机理研究较少,使得现场工艺参数设计存在一定的盲目性.以渤中X油田中渗砂岩储层为研究对象,开展了动态模拟实验,评价了低频脉动注水技术在改善中渗砂岩储层吸水剖面和提高洗油效率方面的效果,揭示了脉动提升水驱开发效果的重要机理.研究表明:低频脉动注水技术能够依靠液流转向、波动撕裂及能量转换作用,造成...     

低渗透油藏注CO2驱油现状研究

低渗透油田最基本的特点就是流体渗透能力差、产能低,常规方式下采收率低。CO2作为一种驱油剂,在低渗油藏的开发中具有明显的增油降水效果,即CO2驱油技术在封存CO2,降低该温室气体对环境影响的同时,可以提高油田的采收率。通过探讨低渗透油藏注CO2提高原油采收率的驱油机理和应用现状,指出CO2在提高低渗油藏采收率方面大有可为。     

分子膜驱油剂驱油效率探究

随着全球经济的飞速发展,能源的需求和日俱增,对石油的依靠也越来越强。在不可能迅速发现新的大油田情况下,提高现有油田采出程度是当前行之有效的办法。分子沉积(MD)膜驱油技术是一种新型的三次采油技术,它对于提高老油田注水开发效率和最终采收率有重要意义。     

油藏非均质性对CO_2驱效果影响研究

通过建立典型模型,模拟计算层间非均质性和存在窜流通道情况下对CO2驱油藏开发效果的影响,找出单因素影响的变化规律。结论证明了以上2种因素对采收率影响的存在,对类似油藏应用CO2驱开发提供了一定的借鉴,但该影响的定量分析仍需进一步进行。     

低渗透砂岩油藏水驱特征分析

本文根据实际生产数据做出了两个低渗透砂岩油藏的甲型水驱特征曲线,通过分析对应曲线形成各个直线段的形态说明油藏开发的效果。并通过不同直线段的线性回归分析得到油田的原始地质储量和可采储量,说明预测结果的可信性。最后再结合油田背景和生产实际在分析对比的基础上总结出了低渗透砂岩油藏水驱特征曲线的特征。     

新型表面活性剂驱油效果研究

通过对氟碳表面活性剂界面张力的研究,确定了一种用于提高原油采收率最佳的驱油体系QY-1：0．1％氟碳表面活性剂＋1600mg／L聚硅酮＋1．0％碱浓度。进行了室内静态驱油实验和岩心动态驱油实验。结果表明,驱油剂QY-1可以显著提高原油的采收率。     

毛管数对甜菜碱表面活性剂驱油效率的影响研究

为研究毛管数对甜菜碱表面活性剂驱油效率的影响,通过驱替实验研究了毛管数和驱油效率以及残余油饱和度之间的关系,结果表明,对于单一体系,无论是水、聚合物还是表面活性剂,其驱油效率均随着毛管数的增加而增加,残余油饱和度均随着毛管数的增加而降低。由于界面张力处于毛管力物理定义中的分母的位置,对毛管数的影响较大。界面张力越低,驱油效率越高,残余油饱和度越低,毛管数值越大。     

Role of capillary and viscous forces in mobilization of residual oil

Experimental results are reported for a series of microemulsion displacement tests carried out in a consolidated core of medium permeability (1.75 μm²). The interfacial tension and viscosity were varied from 0.02 to 32.0 mN/m and 2.0 to 26.0 mN · s/m², respectively. The amount of oil unrecovered is correlated as a function of capillary number, N_c. Results are compared with those obtained by other workers who used porous media of low permeability and the relative importance of capillary and viscous forces at various stages of oil mobilization is discussed.     

Investigation of silica nanoparticles grafted with sulphonated polymer for enhanced oil recovery at high temperature and high salt

Nano-fluids' application for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) has attracted noticeable attention and formed a new research area in recent years. Currently, the greatest challenge in this area is to formulate stable nano-fluids for oil reservoirs with high temperatures and salinity. To overcome the limitations of its application in high-temperature drilling, polymer-coated nanoparticles (SiO₂-PAMPS NPs) were prepared via solution polymerization of 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propane sulphonic acid (AMPS) from the surface of aminopropyl-functionalized silica nanoparticles. The SiO₂-PAMPS NPs were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The results indicated that the AMPS was successfully grafted onto the surface of silica nanoparticles, and the average diameter of SiO₂-PAMPS NPs was about 16 nm. The nano-fluids showed noticeable stability in American Petroleum Institute (API) brine (2 wt.% CaCl₂ and 8 wt.% NaCl) at 90°C beyond 46 days. When amphipathic nanoparticles were introduced to brine at 90°C, the potential of the nano-fluids in recovering oil was evaluated by investigating the interfacial tension with kerosene oil and the oil contact angle in the nano-fluids. The contact angle of the glass sheet surface before treatment was about 144°, while after SiO₂-PAMPS NPs treatment for 72 h, it became about 92°. Meanwhile, the nano-fluids showed an excellent enhancing emulsibility property, which plays a vital role in promoting the development of EOR in high-temperature and high-salt environments.     

“2＋3”驱油技术提高稀油油藏采收率实验研究

针对辽河油田某特定稀油油藏所面临的高含水、注水效果差,剩余油难以采出,常规工艺措施无法解决油层深部和平面矛盾等问题,提出了应用“2＋3”驱油提高原油采收率技术来改善其开发效果。通过对该区块油藏地质特征、开发现状、油水性质分析,开展了适合于该区块油品性质和油藏特点的“2＋3”驱油技术的研究。实验结果表明：所筛选确定出的“2＋3”驱油体系具有较好的封堵效率和洗油效果,同时其注人性能、与地层的配伍性和稳定性均能满足现场试验要求;物模研究结果证明了“2＋3”驱油技术可进一步提高开发中后期非均质稀油油藏的原油采收率,也可作为水驱油藏开发后期的接替技术而推广应用。     

Characterizations of surfactant synthesized from Jatropha oil and its application in enhanced oil recovery

Surfactants are frequently used in chemical enhanced oil recovery (EOR) as it reduces the interfacial tension (IFT) to an ultra‐low value and also alter the wettability of oil‐wet rock, which are important mechanisms for EOR. However, most of the commercial surfactants used in chemical EOR are very expensive. In view of that an attempt has been made to synthesis an anionic surfactant from non‐edible Jatropha oil for its application in EOR. Synthesized surfactant was characterized by FTIR, NMR, dynamic light scattering, thermogravimeter analyser, FESEM, and EDX analysis. Thermal degradability study of the surfactant shows no significant loss till the conventional reservoir temperature. The ability of the surfactant for its use in chemical EOR has been tested by measuring its physicochemical properties, viz., reduction of surface tension, IFT and wettability alteration. The surfactant solution shows a surface tension value of 31.6 mN/m at its critical micelle concentration (CMC). An ultra‐low IFT of 0.0917 mN/m is obtained at CMC of surfactant solution, which is further reduced to 0.00108 mN/m at optimum salinity. The synthesized surfactant alters the oil‐wet quartz surface to water‐wet which favors enhanced recovery of oil. Flooding experiments were conducted with surfactant slugs with different concentrations. Encouraging results with additional recovery more than 25% of original oil in place above the conventional water flooding have been observed. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 2731–2741, 2017     

Use of mixed surfactants to improve the transient interfacial tension behaviour of heavy oil/alkaline systems

The objective of this study was to identify suitable combinations of additives to aqueous alkaline formulations for the potential recovery of Saskatchewan heavy crude oil. A previously developed strategy was applied to screen various additive combinations consisting of three commercial petroleum sulfonate surfactants and two commercial lignosulfonate surfactants. The selection of the additives was based on a large number of physical and interfacial property measurements in conjunction with phase stability tests at different temperatures. The resulting ternary formulations, labelled here as Mixed-Surfactant-Enhanced Alkaline (MSEA) systems, were very successful in reversing the trend of increasing interfacial tension with time that characterizes additive-free alkaline/crude oil systems. This success came at the expense of initial IFT values that were considerably higher than those exhibited by the corresponding additive-free alkaline solutions. However, at higher temperatures (65 °C), these ternary MSEA formulations were capable of generating very low IFT values against the crude oil (in the range of 5 × 10^?2 to 10^?1 mN/m), which suggests that they could be suitable candidates for commercial exploitation of heavy oil recovery processes.     

利用采油速度确定油藏采收率

水驱油藏进入高含水开发期以后,常规的水驱曲线对采收率的标定会出现很多问题。本文从渗流力学和物质平衡原理角度出发,推导出处于产量递减期间的油藏采油速度与采出程度之间的关系,发现存在线性特征。利用该关系可以对油藏动态和经济采收率进行标定,并给出了其适用条件。在此基础上利用孤东七区西Ng63 4的生产数据进行了实例验证。     

脂肽-糖脂混合型生物表面活性剂的性能及助剂

分离提取了枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis THY-8发酵产物中的生物表面活性剂,采用飞行时间质谱鉴定为鼠李糖脂和表面活性素、芬芥素等的混合物。考察了该混合型生物表面活性剂的性能,研究了其对油砂原油的驱油效率,并探索了合适的助剂种类及配伍浓度。结果表明,THY-8所产的脂肽-糖脂混合型生物表面活性剂具有良好的表面活性、热稳定性和乳化性,pH值为5.5时表面张力为27.59 mN/m,临界胶束浓度为15 mg/L;在70 ℃放置5天,表面张力基本不变;可将液体石蜡乳化形成粒径10～30 μm的乳液。正辛醇助剂与该混合生物表面活性剂复配后界面张力降低到10?3 mN/m,驱油效率提高3.2倍。含0.9 g/L生物表面活性剂的发酵液驱油效果与正辛醇-生物表面活性剂复配体系相当。