日本用超声波测定活牛或活猪的肉质

日本由于成功地开发出电子分色显示器,而实现了利用超声波来测定活牛或活猪的肉质。 当把电子分色显示器的驱动波导管贴近于活牛或活猪的脊背时,利用超声波的反射     

电子书的现状和未来发展㈢——电子书的未来

<正>当电子书普及之时,将会形成怎样的业界构造和市场构造呢?有人预测,电子书的普及将在2013年以后。电子书阅读器应转向设备开放Google公司并不销售电子书阅读器,其开设的电子书店是第一个真正全面基于云计算的电子书解决方案     

弹指看世界

今年是中国电子书元年。—柳斌杰在梁凤仪电子书落户番薯网发布会上发表致辞时说道。他表示,去年,美国迎来电子书元年,美国境内售出的电子阅读器数量达300万部,目前国内电子书产业取得的成绩有目共睹,电子书未来将成为一种发展趋势。     

电子书发展有了国家标准

新闻出版总署日前出台《关于发展电子书产业的意见》（以下简称《意见》）,将从电子书行业准入制度、电子书标准的制定等方面着手促进电子书产业良性发展。《意见》提出,我国要建立电子书行业准入制度,对从事电子书相关业务的企业实施分类审批和管理。把发展电子书产业作为当前重要任务认真抓好。     

2002年,电子书的旺年

<正> 尽管受网络经济低潮的影响,电子书在经历了两年的幼年期之后,出现了强有力的增长势头。本文分析的是电子书的阅读器(软件Reader)和电子书(Title)。虽然文中数据显示的只是几个出版商的销售业绩,但是足以表明2002年是电子书行业的好年头。虽然许多人还持谨慎的观点,但是有一点是肯定的:电子书正在证明它们的重要性,并以无法预知的力量改变着世界。     

Iebook医学科普电子书在多媒体教学中的应用初探

本文介绍了iebook电子书制作软件的功能,阐明了医学科普电子书的优势及其在多媒体教学中发挥的作用,并指出把握科普作品质量关,是制作优秀医学科普电子书的重要保证。     

21家企业获批新闻出版总署电子书从业资质

2010年11月4日，新闻出版总署在京召开首批获准电子书业务资质企业负责人座谈会，公布首批获准从事电子书从业资质企业名单，总计有21家企业获得新闻出版总署的四种电子书从业资质。这四项资质分别为电子书出版资质、电子书复制资质、电子书总发行资质、电子书进口资质。     

电子书的现状和未来发展(一)——电子书带来的变化?

2010年被称为电子书元年。对此,日本印刷界、文化界有着广泛的议论。笔者根据2011年发表在日本《印刷情报》和日本网络上的文章,编译了这篇介绍日本电子书现状和思考电子书未来发展的文章,供读者参考。本文将从四个部分叙述:电子书带来的变化?电子书的普及将引发怎样的变化?电子书的未来?电子书将引发出怎样的商业活动?     

电子书出版技术综述

电子书是“一次制作、多次应用”的典型例子,出版社可以利用电子书的相关技术,在出版印刷书的同时,通过网络出版的方式出版电子书。近两三年内,电子书的相关技术日趋成熟,为出版社做好网络出版、充分利用出版资源提供了很好的技术基础。     

基于眼动追踪技术的电子书研究

随着信息科学技术的不断发展,尤其是移动智能设备和移动互联网络的日益成熟,数字媒体和移动互联网技术的结合催生了电子书的出现和发展。但是目前多数电子书阅读界面并不能为阅读者提供更便捷舒适的阅读体验。本文对眼动追踪技术和电子书进行了介绍,重点论述基于眼动追踪技术的电子书界面的设计,实验结果表明,设计的图片文字有机结合与文字和图片科学排版的电子书界面更能吸引读者。     

反光材料的转移法加工技术

采用转移法生产反光材料,其反光强度高、外观光滑细腻、手感柔软,且防水、耐磨、耐洗.介绍了反光材料的转移法加工工艺流程和产品结构,对工艺技术中的影响因素,如基布、转移基材、反射体的选择,反光-玻璃微珠的折射率、直径,以及加工时的嵌入深度对反光强度的影响,粘合剂种类对产品外观、耐磨牢度的影响,作了系统分析和讨论.     

反光警示服及其检测技术

反光警示服也称高能见度警示服(High-visibility warning clothing),是指在各种光线条件下能起到警示作用的服装.常见的品种有:反光工作服、反光背心、反光雨衣、反光校服等.     

棉及涤棉混纺织物近红外迷彩伪装

 分别采用还原和分散染料对棉及涤棉混纺织物进行染色生产近红外迷彩伪装。研究表明:还原蓝L-MG和汽巴能蓝83962属于同一类染料;随着还原蓝L-MG染料浓度的增加,近红外反射光谱产生红移,可见光波段反射率峰值与红移量有关;当染料质量分数为1%~2%时,染色织物反射光谱和树叶反射光谱曲线最为接近;除蜂巢和缎纹组织外,染料浓度对可见光反射光谱没有影响,对近红外反射光谱曲线影响很小;近红外反射光谱与产生红移量最大的染料密切相关。     

Reflective practice and conscientisation

Both 'the reflective teaching' and 'the teacher as a reflective practitioner' have become very popular in terms of the literature about the teaching and training profession, in spite of ambiguities and misleading ideas. Thus, it is of the greatest importance to analyse these ambiguities by questioning the words used, the relations of power which are established among teachers, educators and trainees, the ways and effects of the reflection. To avoid the reflective action becoming a collection of techniques, a reflective practice should be based on an educational and training theory which should stimulate the teacher to take critical consciousness of the educational situations and of his/her own practice in the situation. The concept of conscientisation by Paulo Freire, linked to his concept of praxis as a dialectic unity of the theory and practice, should produce an instrument of theoretical and operational value for education. That concept will allow interpretations which will take the teacher to wonder about him/herself, about the world around him/her, promoting a critical and dialogist relationship towards the world, the others and him/herself. This dialogue, which cannot feed itself but feeds on the fusion of theory and praxis, will overcome the apparent dichotomy between technical and practical reason.     

Social sciences, reflective practice and educational context

The article considers reflective practice from the point of view of the sociology of education. First, attention is drawn to reflexivity as a social phenomenon. Secondly, reflective practice is discussed as a methodological problem and as a research instrument. In conclusion, the author indicates some of the areas where research on teachers, their pre-service and in service training in Italy, can be carried out.     

山东昌乐蓝宝石砂矿中磁铁矿的宝石矿物学特征研究

采用常规宝石学鉴定方法、反光显微镜、X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、电子探针X射线显微分析仪(EPMA)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)等测试方法,对山东昌乐蓝宝石砂矿中的一种副矿物样品进行了常规的宝石学、矿物学、谱学特征研究。肉眼观察,这种副矿物样品呈黑色、不透明,具有强磁性,摩氏硬度大于小刀。在反光显微镜下,该样品为钢灰色,呈现不透明的四边形颗粒状。X射线粉末衍射及电子探针成分分析的结果表明,该副矿物样品为富含Ti的磁铁矿,其晶体结构中类质同象替代广泛,但未见对人体有害的微量元素。该样品的红外光谱与磁铁矿的标准红外光谱基本一致。     

彩色回归反射织物的涂层工艺条件的研究

采用回归反射织物的方法,通过大量实验确定了粘合剂与玻璃微珠用量的最佳配比和涂层最佳厚度;并讨论了摩擦、皂洗、刷洗对反射性能的影响。     

影响回归反射织物逆反射系数的因素探讨

采用转移法制作回归反射织物,研究影响回归反射织物逆反射系数的主要因素,讨论玻璃微珠的折射率和直径、转移胶和反射层的厚度、铝粉加入量对回归反射织物逆反射系数的影响。结果表明:玻璃微珠的折射率对回归反射织物逆反射系数的影响最大,当玻璃微珠的折射率为B时,能较好地满足0.2°和1°观测角对逆反射系数的要求;随玻璃微珠直径的增大,0.2°角的逆反射系数增大,1°角的逆反射系数先减小后增大;转移胶的厚度以玻璃微珠半径为宜;反射层厚度很薄时逆反射系数较小,达到一定厚度后对逆反射系数的影响较小;转移胶中的铝粉用量对逆反射系数的影响较小。     

Real-time assessment of black carbon pollution in Indian households due to traditional and improved biomass cookstoves

Use of improved (biomass) cookstoves (ICs) has been widely proposed as a Black Carbon (BC) mitigation measure with significant climate and health benefits. ICs encompass a range of technologies, including natural draft (ND) stoves, which feature structural modifications to enhance air flow, and forced draft (FD) stoves, which additionally employ an external fan to force air into the combustion chamber. We present here, under Project Surya, the first real-time in situ Black Carbon (BC) concentration measurements from five commercial ICs and a traditional (mud) cookstove for comparison. These experiments reveal four significant findings about the tested stoves. First, FD stoves emerge as the superior IC technology, reducing plume zone BC concentration by a factor of 4 (compared to 1.5 for ND). Indoor cooking-time BC concentrations, which varied from 50 to 1000 μg m(-3) for the traditional mud cookstove, were reduced to 5-100 μg m(-3) by the top-performing FD stove. Second, BC reductions from IC models in the same technology category vary significantly: for example, some ND models occasionally emit more BC than a traditional cookstove. Within the ND class, only microgasification stoves were effective in reducing BC. Third, BC concentration varies significantly for repeated cooking cycles with same stove (standard deviation up to 50% of mean concentration) even in a standardized setup, highlighting inherent uncertainties in cookstove performance. Fourth, use of mixed fuel (reflective of local practices) increases plume zone BC concentration (compared to hardwood) by a factor of 2 to 3 across ICs.     

圆网深浅两层次色（负片）制作

在简述圆网深浅两层次色负片制作原理的基础上，详细介绍了拷贝机、照机机透射画稿架及反射画稿架等三种圆网深浅两层次负片制作方法。