铁棍山药粗多糖提取工艺条件研究

以水为提取剂,采用水煮醇沉法提取铁棍山药的山药多糖,以水提温度、料液比、浸提时间及乙醇体积分数4个影响因素,研究单因素对粗多糖得率的影响,L9(34)正交试验的结果表明,提取的优化工艺条件为提取温度90℃,提取时间2.5 h,乙醇体积分数75%,料液比1∶6(W∶V),粗多糖得率为6.77%,其中对山药粗多糖提取得率影响最大的因素是提取温度。     

响应面法优化核桃分心木多糖的提取工艺

通过单因素试验研究了浸提温度、浸提时间、料液比和乙醇体积分数4个因素对核桃分心木多糖得率的影响。在此基础上,以多糖得率为响应值,采用响应面法对分心木多糖提取工艺进行优化。结果表明,影响分心木多糖得率的顺序为:浸提时间>乙醇体积分数>浸提温度>料液比;提取核桃分心木多糖的最佳条件为:乙醇体积分数90%,料液比1 g:50 mL,浸提温度95℃,浸提时间156 min。在最佳提取条件下,多糖得率为3.53%,与响应面预测值相差不大。     

白背三七类黄酮提取工艺条件的优化

采用乙醇提取法研究白背三七类黄酮化合物的提取工艺条件。通过单因素试验和正交试验,考察了乙醇体积分数、料液比、提取温度、提取时间等四个因素对类黄酮得率的影响;优化了白背三七类黄酮的提取工艺条件。结果表明,各因素对类黄酮得率的影响大小依次为乙醇体积分数＞提取温度＞料液比＞提取时间,白背三七类黄酮提取的最优工艺条件为：乙醇体积分数85%,料液比1∶25（g∶mL）,提取时间120 min,提取温度60 ℃。在此最佳提取工艺条件下,类黄酮平均得率为3.81%。     

内部沸腾法提取枇杷叶多糖研究

考察了乙醇体积分数、液料比、提取温度和提取时间4个因素对乙醇溶液提取枇杷叶多糖得率的影响.结果表明:当乙醇体积分数45%、液料比33∶1 (mL/g)、提取温度98℃、提取时间30min时,枇杷叶多糖得率可达6.66%,枇杷叶多糖得率高,且试验重现性好.     

乙醇法提取花生饼中花生衣红色素工艺的研究

旨在探讨乙醇法提取花生饼中花生衣红色素的工艺。以红米红色素标准品浓度为参比计算出的得率为指标,在选取乙醇体积分数、提取温度、提取时间和料液比4个因素进行单因素试验的基础上,再进行正交试验,试验结果经极差分析和方差分析。结果表明:乙醇体积分数、提取温度、提取时间和料液比4个因素对花生饼中花生衣红色素影响差异显著;各因素对花生饼中花生衣红色素提取得率影响的规律为:提取时间料液比提取温度乙醇体积分数(CBAD);乙醇法提取花生饼中花生衣红色素的最佳提取工艺条件为:乙醇体积分数为40%,提取温度为80℃,提取时间为4 h,料液比为1∶7,此时花生衣红色素得率最大。     

乌饭叶中多酚类物质的提取工艺研究

采用醇提法提取乌饭叶中的多酚类物质。通过单因素实验和正交试验,研究料液比、乙醇体积分数、提取时间、提取温度等不同因素水平对乌饭叶中多酚类物质得率的影响,确定最佳提取工艺。结果表明,乌饭叶中多酚类物质提取影响因素主次关系为料液比乙醇体积分数提取时间提取温度,乌饭叶中多酚类物质提取最佳工艺条件为料液比1∶10、乙醇体积分数50%、提取时间2 h、提取温度80℃。该试验条件下乌饭叶提取液中的多酚类物质得率为13.0%。     

岗稔黄酮苷提取工艺研究

采用单因素试验与正交试验方法,对乙醇提取岗稔黄酮苷的工艺进行了探讨,研究了岗稔皮与乙醇的质量配比（料液比）、提取时间、提取温度以及乙醇体积分数等因素对岗稔黄酮苷提取得率的影响,结果表明最佳提取工艺条件为料液比1：40、提取时间2．5h、提取温度80℃、乙醇体积分数60％。     

山药皮中皂苷提取工艺优化研究

为了增加山药皮利用率,提高山药皮中皂苷得率,以山药皮为原料,采用热回流法提取山药皮中的皂苷化合物。通过单因素试验和正交试验,研究提取温度、提取时间、乙醇浓度和料液比等因素对山药皮皂苷提取效果的影响。结果表明,最佳提取条件为:提取温度45℃、提取时间3 h、乙醇体积分数70%和料液比1∶20,皂苷提取率为0.251%。     

杏鲍菇水溶性多糖提取工艺研究

本实验研究了热水浸提法提取杏鲍菇粗多糖的最佳工艺流程及工艺条件。用热水浸提杏鲍菇多糖,乙醇沉淀和Sevage法脱蛋白得到初步纯化的多糖,采用硫酸-苯酚法测定多糖的含量。在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验进一步优化提取工艺条件,确定影响杏鲍菇多糖得率的主次因素分别为提取温度、提取时间、料液比和乙醇浓度。结果表明,提取最优工艺为:时间3h,水温为90℃,乙醇的体积为提取液体积的70%,料液比为1:20时多糖沉淀量最大。此工艺条件下杏鲍菇多糖的得率为2.88%。     

油茶果壳多糖的提取及抗氧化作用研究

研究了油茶果壳多糖的最佳提取工艺条件和抗氧化活性。采用油茶果壳为原料,以多糖得率为考察指标,在单因素的结果基础上,通过正交试验,研究了提取时间、提取温度、料水比和乙醇浓度4个因素对油茶果壳多糖得率的影响;并应用TEAC法以及油脂抗氧化体系评价油茶果壳多糖的抗氧化能力。结果表明:提取温度对油茶果壳多糖得率的影响程度达显著水平,提取时间、料水比和乙醇体积分数对油茶果壳多糖得率没有显著影响。油茶果壳多糖的最佳提取工艺条件为:温度90℃,时间1.0 h,料液比1∶15,乙醇体积分数为80%,在此条件下油茶果壳多糖得率为5.93%。油茶果壳多糖具有较好的清除自由基的能力和一定的油脂抗氧化能力。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press