硬质聚氨酯泡沫屋面的结构设计

硬质聚氨酯(PU)泡沫塑料是一种性能优良、施工简便的屋面保温防水材料。本文介绍了硬质聚氨酯泡沫屋面的结构设计方案。     

硬质聚氨酯泡沫在屋面和墙体上的应用

介绍了硬质聚氨酯泡沫在屋面上的应用及其特点;屋面采用硬质聚氨酯泡沫,具有结构简单,载荷轻,使用寿命长,施工方便,以及节能等优点。同时,对住宅墙体保温的途径进行了分析,指出墙面采用喷涂硬质聚氨酯泡沫施工的优点。     

"节约型社会与防水"系列报道之二加快推广硬泡聚氨酯防水保温一体化屋面系统

介绍了国内外硬泡聚氨酯防水保温一体化屋面系统的应用情况;分析了该屋面系统的优势及推广中存在的问题;指出目前我国大力发展节能型住宅、推广普及节能技术,必将使防水保温屋面系统得到迅速发展.     

泡沫玻璃屋面保温系统施工技术

介绍一种以泡沫玻璃保温板作为保温材料,结合找平层、保护层以及聚合物砂浆而组成的一种新型屋面保温系统的施工方法,该法具有简便、维护费用低、施工效率高、施工质量好、节能环保等优点,能满足建筑物现代节能的要求。     

喷涂聚氨酯泡沫屋面系统的耐久性

喷涂聚氨酯泡沫屋面系统的耐久性建筑物物主使用喷涂聚氨酯泡沫（ＳＰＦ）作为一种屋面系统已经很多年了。喷涂聚氨酯泡沫能够粘于各种各样的基层上形成无缝耐水膜，因而成为可行的屋面覆盖系统之一。但是ＳＰＦ屋面系统在其问世后的２０年间一直仅有较小的市场份额，只是...     

聚氨酯泡沫保温新建材在住宅屋面上的应用

为了给住户建造无渗漏住宅，上海的住宅建设管理部门与开发商，都费尽心思，使出了各种招数。本介绍的是聚氯酯泡沫屋面防水保温新建材在闵行新建金铭福邸小区(见上图)的实际应用。     

喷涂聚氨酯系统的性能及施工

2003年以来．硬质聚氨酯泡沫材料在国内诸多建筑物墙体保温工程中得到推广应用，该类材料以其具有不吸水、不透水的功能，同时还具有优良的保温功效，成为目前建筑节能市场上不可缺少的新型系统保温产品，可代替传统的防水层和保温层广泛应用于屋顶和墙体保温。     

沥青屋面系统仍具竞争力

过去10年间有许多新型材料进入屋面市场，那些本来应该是沥青叠层屋面系统的建筑物如今被EPDM、TPO、PVC以及喷涂聚氨酯泡沫等材料所代替，使得建筑业主在选择屋面系统时犹豫不决．不知所措。     

聚脲弹性体保温防水屋面的应用分析

喷涂聚氨酯硬泡(SPUF)聚脲弹性体(SPUA)屋面保温防水系统具有保温与防水双重功能,是一种新型的屋面保温防水技术。本文分析聚氨酯和聚脲体材料的物理力学性能及特点,阐述其在屋面保温防水的施工工艺。     

GRC外墙屋面保温板的研究

1　前言依赖于传统的建筑材料、施工工艺很难达到建筑节能标准要求。经过认真研究,反复试验,本公司已成功地批量生产出适用于外墙外保温、外墙内保温、屋面保温的具有仿瓷装饰效果的GRC外墙、屋面保温板,并于2001年4月19日获国家实用新型专利证书(证书号第435538号),又于同年8月10日通过山东省建设厅科技成果鉴定(证书号鲁建科鉴字[2001]第28号)。同时还研制成功了适用于框架结构外墙围护墙的GRC轻质、保温复合外墙挂板(其专利证书号和科技成果鉴字证书号分别为第435434号和鲁建科鉴字[2001]第29号)。2　本产品性能、经济分析GRC外墙、…     

Operational performance of siphonic roof drainage systems

Siphonic roof drainage systems have been in existence for approximately 30 years, and are becoming an increasingly common element of urban drainage infrastructure. In that time, only limited data have been published relating to their performance, and what does exist relates to laboratory test facilities. This text focuses on the analysis of a large data set obtained from installed siphonic roof drainage systems. Particular attention is given to the ability of the studied systems to prime and meet self-cleansing criteria during sub-design criteria events with return periods of less than one year. Conclusions are drawn regarding the performance characteristics of multi-outlet siphonic roof drainage systems, and plans for future work are outlined.     

种植屋面设计的若干考虑因素

绿色屋面一般来说是环境友好的,可以降低通过屋面进入室内的噪声水平、减少雨水径流、降低屋面温度.在大城市还可以减轻城市热岛效应等等.绿色屋面还可以提供有用的室外空间,甚至改变传统屋而的外观.     

直立锁边金属屋面系统施工技术

以某公共建筑为例,对直立锁边铝镁锰合金金属屋面系统施工技术进行了介绍,从施工安装工艺流程、屋面板材料加工工艺、施工控制要点等几方面进行了阐述,可为同类型屋面工程施工提供借鉴。     

关于NRCA已建屋面功能标准编制的新进展

本刊2003年第10期以“NRCA着手制定已建屋面性能标准”为题介绍了有关的情况，2004年第9期《Professional Roofing》又载文介绍了一年多以来该标准编制的进展情况，现跟踪报道如下。     

Investigation and numerical modelling of roof drainage systems under extreme events

In April 2003 the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) and a diverse group of interested parties began funding a number of major projects looking at the impacts of climate change on the built environment, transport and utilities. One of these projects, entitled AUDACIOUS, is concerned with the impact of climate change on all aspects of urban drainage systems. The main objective of this project is to investigate key aspects of the effects of climate change on existing drainage in urban areas, and hence provide tools for drainage managers and operators to adapt to uncertain future scenarios. A major element of this work is the development of a set of numerical models to simulate the performance of urban drainage systems under the type of extreme rainfall events associated with climate change. Once developed, it is intended to utilise such models in a diagnostic design capacity, to assist in the formulation of strategies to improve the performance of new and existing urban drainage systems under different climate change scenarios. This paper details the work that has been undertaken at Heriot-Watt University as part of the AUDACIOUS project. To date, this has involved the development of a numerical model to simulate the performance of roof drainage systems (both conventional and siphonic) under extreme rainfall events. The necessary experimental work is described, and the development of the model is detailed. Comparisons between model output and laboratory data are illustrated. Finally, conclusions are drawn regarding the progress to date, and plans for the next stage of the project are outlined.     

Aeration and gutter water levels in siphonic roof drainage systems

An investigation is presented into how negative system pressures, the degree of aeration, and gutter water levels are affected by the number of outlets in a siphonic roof drainage system. The experimental results show that system pressures decrease if outlets are blocked. It is also shown that the depth of water above an outlet is strongly influenced by the negative pressure acting at the outlet. As the suction effect at the outlet increases, due to lower system pressures, more water and air will be drawn into the outlets and this will result in a corresponding increase in overall gutter water depth. The results also show that there is often built-in redundancy in multiple outlet siphonic systems experiencing lower-intensity rainfall events, and if one or two outlets were blocked, the system would still operate satisfactorily. A new outlet suppressor was trialled and this was shown to reduce gutter water levels by up to 58% at some positions in the gutter.

Il est présenté une enquête sur la manière dont les pressions négatives dans le système concerné, le degré d'aération et les niveaux d'eau dans les chéneaux sont affectés par le nombre d'orifices de sortie dans un système d'écoulement des eaux de toit par siphonnage. Les résultats expérimentaux montrent que les pressions dans le système diminuent si des orifices de sortie sont obturés. Il est également montré que la profondeur de l'eau au-dessus d'un orifice de sortie est fortement influencée par la pression négative s'exerçant à l'orifice de sortie. Plus l'effet de succion à l'orifice de sortie augmente, en raison des pressions plus faibles dans le système, et plus les quantités d'air et d'eau entraînées dans les orifices de sortie seront importantes, et cela aura pour résultat une augmentation correspondante de la profondeur générale de l'eau dans les chéneaux. Les résultats montrent également qu'il existe souvent une redondance intégrée dans les systèmes à siphons comportant des orifices de sortie multiples et soumis à des épisodes pluvieux de faible intensité, et que si un ou deux orifices de sortie sont obturés, le système fonctionne encore de manière satisfaisante. Un nouvel obturateur d'orifice de sortie a été essayé, ce qui a permis de montrer que celui-ci réduit dans une proportion allant jusqu'à 58 % en certains points les niveaux d'eau dans les chéneaux.

Mots clés: aération, niveaux d'eau dans les chéneaux, pressions négatives, écoulement des eaux de toit par siphonnage     

中国现代建筑平屋面构造体系分析

介绍了我国普通建筑平屋面的构造体系,分析了其缺陷以及产生渗漏的根本原因.通过剖析我国防水行业时渗漏认识的误区,提出了治理屋面渗漏和提高屋面性能的新思路.     

Estimating flow rates through individual outlets of siphonic roof drainage systems

An experimental investigation is used to quantify the flow rates through individual outlets of multi-outlet siphonic roof drainage systems under both full-pipe and partially filled pipe flow conditions. A pressure transducer and a propeller-type current meter were installed within each tailpipe to measure water depth and flow velocity. The study tests the hypothesis that it may be possible to predict accurately the flow rates through individual outlets of multi-outlet siphonic roof drainage systems. A new technique of estimating flow rates is trialled by comparing instantaneous pressure transducer and current meter readings with previously calibrated flow data to find the best data match. The study results were very positive and clearly demonstrate that the underlying methodology was appropriate and that it may be possible to model numerically the individual outlet flow rates in multi-outlet siphonic roof drainage systems.     

Numerical simulation of the dynamic operation of multi-outlet siphonic roof drainage systems

Although siphonic roof drainage systems have been installed in Europe since the 1970s, the design of such infrastructure is still based on steady state theory. Such approaches are only truly applicable at the design condition, under specific rainfall conditions, and cannot be used to assess the response of siphonic systems to alternative rainfall conditions and/or operational scenarios. Previous research at Heriot-Watt University led to the development of a numerical model capable of accurately simulating the performance of single outlet systems under a range of different conditions. The work reported herein details the logical extension to this work; i.e., the development of a numerical model to simulate the performance of multi-outlet siphonic roof drainage systems. The experimental work undertaken to assist in the development of the new model boundary conditions is briefly described, and relevant results are illustrated. The development of the numerical model is then detailed, and model output is presented. Finally, conclusions are drawn regarding the developed model, and plans for future work are outlined.     

Improving the energy production of roof-top solar PV systems through roof design

Building Simulation - Australia is receiving an average of 58 million PJ of solar radiation per year, which is about 1000 times larger than its total energy generation. Roof-top solar photovoltaic...