在相同相对介电常数情况下不同厚度的微带贴片天线设计与仿真验证

微带贴片天线的基板材料的相对介电常数和介质板厚度是影响天线性能的重要因素.为了验证在相同相对介电常数的情况下,改变介质基板的不同的厚度时微带矩形贴片天线的阻抗带宽的变化,通过HFSS软件设计和仿真了工作频率为1.95 GHz的4个矩形微带贴片天线,相对介电常数均为2.2,介质基板厚度分别设计为0.8、1.6、2.4、3.2 mm,比较其各自的S参数、方向图,通过仿真结果验证了相关文献所述的对于在给定的频率下,选用相同的基板材料时,厚度增大时阻抗带宽会变大的说法.     

共面波导馈电的超宽带天线研究

设计了一种共面波导馈电的超宽带(UWB)天线,其阻抗带宽达到341%。所设计的天线印刷在尺寸为28mm×21mm×1.6mm,介电常数为2.65的聚四氟乙烯介质基板上。同时为了实现该天线与WLAN(5.725~5.825GHz)系统的协同工作,本文在共面波导的地面上刻蚀一个矩形槽,实现UWB与WLAN系统的兼容。利用高频结构仿真软件HFSS对影响天线性能的主要物理参数进行仿真、分析和优化,得到天线的优化尺寸。实验结果表明,该天线比传统微带贴片天线性能有了较大的提高,从而表明了利用共面波导馈电和刻蚀矩形槽的天线设计方法实现多种宽带通信系统兼容的可行性和有效性。     

PBG结构圆柱形微带贴片天线的设计与仿真

本文利用光子晶体带隙(PBG)结构的特点,将特殊设计的 PBG 结构应用于圆柱形微带贴片天线中。在同轴线馈电的圆柱形微带贴片天线的介质上蚀刻出按一定规律排列的 PBG 结构,并基于 HFSS 对特殊设计的 PGB 结构圆柱形微带贴片天线和普通的圆柱形微带贴片天线进行仿真和优化,仿真结果表明,按照一定规律排列的 PBG 结构可以有效抑制天线表面波的传播,明显提高圆柱形微带贴片天线的带宽和增益,有效改善圆柱形微带贴片天线的辐射方向图,实现天线性能的优化设计。     

多频点高精度卫星导航接收天线设计

设计了一种层叠圆极化微带贴片天线,采用宽带功分网络形成四馈点馈电,实现右旋圆极化接收,工作带宽覆盖L波段内多个卫星导航频点,具有优良的方向图特性及轴比特性。利用Ansoft HFSS对天线模型进行了优化分析,制作了天线实物,对天线轴比进行了实测,结果表明天线设计达到了设计要求。     

一种宽频带RFID阅读器天线的设计

UHF RFID标签在密集布放环境下,会由于标签天线间的互相影响,使工作频率发生偏移,造成系统漏读.因而本文设计了一款新型的圆极化阅读器天线,该天线工作在UHF频段,具有小型化、高增益、宽频带的特点.其中主辐射圆形贴片通过4个探针与微带匹配网络上下相连,匹配网络的引入提高了天线的圆极化轴比和工作带宽.仿真结果表明,该天线在UHF频段的阻抗带宽和3 dB轴比带宽分别为13％和5％,增益高达9.4 dBi.在空旷的环境下,对密集布放的多个RFID标签进行读取测试.实验表明,运用宽频带的RFID阅读器天线可以有效地提高标签的读取率.     

一种新型双频微带天线的设计与仿真

本文研究了一种新型结构的可同时工作在S/X波段的双频微带贴片天线.该天线的S波段单元和X波段单元印制在同一层介质基板上,S波段单元是一在边长40 mm方形贴片内对称开出4个边长12 mm方形槽的"田"字形贴片天线,4个边长为8 mm的方形贴片对应布置于"田"字形贴片槽内.这种结构可以实现天线的孔径复用,有利于减小天线的尺寸重量,便于设计制造.最后借助Ansoft 公司的Designer仿真软件对此天线进行仿真计算,讨论了两种情况下天线的辐射特性.     

低副瓣微带天线设计

针对传统低副瓣天线工作带宽窄的问题,设计了一种应用于低副瓣天线阵列设计的新型宽带微带天线单元。通过采用H型槽耦合馈电方法,天线单元工作带宽达到11%以上。同时,为实现天线阵列的宽频带工作特性,对宽带馈电网络进行了专门设计。馈电网络采用串、并结合的馈电方式,利用阻抗变换节实现所需要的天线单元馈电幅相分布。基于所设计的天线单元和馈电网络,设计了一种基于道尔夫-切比雪夫电流分布的C波段微带天线阵,并对天线进行了加工、测试。测试结果表明,所设计的天线具有低副瓣、窄波束、高增益的特性,天线的旁瓣电平抑制大于20 dB。     

表面开槽的宽带遥测微带天线设计

微带天线由于体积小、易共形、适用于金属环境等优点而被广泛地应用于旋转件遥测系统中。针对传统微带遥测天线带宽较窄的问题,本文提出了一种通过在天线贴片和地板上开槽来扩展带宽的设计方法,并进行了仿真和测试验证,二者结果吻合良好。高频电磁结构仿真软件HFSS的仿真结果表明,通过在适当位置开槽,可使得天线的相对阻抗带宽(S11<-10dB)达到5.6%(2.409~2.545GHz),基本覆盖ISM频段,最高增益可达4dBi。测试结果表明其相对阻抗带宽为6%(2.41~2.56GHz),在收发天线间距10毫米的情况下,传输系数S21达到-22dB,可以满足遥测系统的需求。     

宽带多谐振偶极子天线设计

根据目前无线通信系统发展小型化与宽带化的趋势,设计了一款具有多谐振点的宽带偶极子辐射天线。首先通过特征模理论分析倒T型导体结构得到两个谐振模式;然后在不影响倒T型导体结构谐振特性的前提下,引入寄生谐振偶极子单元;最后在3个谐振模式的电流共同最大处添加集总端口,同时激励3个谐振模式,得到3个谐振点的宽带谐振天线。天线的仿真与实测结果基本吻合,最终的工作带宽为1.8～2.56 GHz (相对带宽为34.9%)。由此,所设计的天线不仅结构简单,且性能方面良好,可广泛应用于无线通信系统中。     

宽带微带天线阵的研究与设计

微带天线具有轻的重量、较小的体积及散射截面等特点,可设计为无线电高度表的天线。采用组阵的方式把矩形贴片单元组成宽频带,高增益的阵列天线,增加基板厚度扩展频带,良好的多枝节阻抗匹配获得较大增益。应用此结构设计四元微带天线阵,中心频率为4．3 GHz ,带宽BW＞200 M Hz ,采用等幅并联馈电的方式,通过 HFSS进行仿真优化,仿真结果显示驻波比小于2,最大增益为11．3 dB ,3 dB波束宽度约为46°。实测结果为：驻波比小于2频带扩展到4．08～4．52 GHz ,最大增益为10．33 dB ,达到设计要求。该天线阵简单的结构,良好的特性可运用到小型飞行器高度表系统中。     

Slot loaded rectangular patch antenna for dual-band operations on glass-reinforced epoxy laminated inexpensive substrate

This paper presents a straightforward design and analysis of rectangular radiating patch with narrow slots and microstrip line fed patch antenna for dual band operations. A parametric analysis has been carried on during the design process for finding the desired resonant frequencies. The final design concept of the antenna has been validated through fabricating the antenna prototype and then measuring its characteristics. The proposed antenna is implemented by using cost effective FR4 substrate, which comprises of vertical narrow slots on the radiating element and partial ground plane. The experimental results of the antenna prototype show the impedance bandwidth ( \(<-10\) dB reflection coefficient, S11) 396.4 MHz (286.9–683.3 MHz) and 310 MHz (4.28–4.59 GHz) with center resonant frequency 460 MHz and 4.5 GHz respectively. The proposed antenna has achieved 6.6 dBi average gain with 85 % average radiation efficiency for lower band and 9.7 dBi average gain with 88 % radiation efficiency for upper band. The bandwidths of the antenna are broader enough to cover medical telemetry communications, UHF wireless communications and terrestrial communications services.     

Analysis and design of rectangular microstrip antenna on two-layer substrate materials at terahertz frequency

In this paper, an effective permittivity of the two-layer dielectric substrate material has been analyzed to enhance the electrical performance of the rectangular microstrip patch antenna at terahertz frequency. The frequency dependent effective dielectric permittivity of the substrate materials has been evaluated and result has been compared with finite integral technique based CST Microwave Studio a commercially available simulator. The input impedance characteristic with electrical performance of the rectangular microstrip patch antenna on two-layer substrate materials has also been analyzed at 600 GHz. Manipulation in the input impedance characteristic of the antenna has led to a slow wave structure. This slow wave structure has been examined at 542 GHz, and improvement in the performance has been observed without increasing the overall dimension of the proposed antenna.     

Modeling the superconducting effects on resonance and radiation characteristics of a cylindrical-rectangular microstrip antenna covered with a dielectric layer

In this work, the resonance and radiation characteristics of a superconducting cylindrical-rectangular microstrip antenna covered with a dielectric layer are studied using an electric field integral equation and the spectral-domain Green’s function. The effect of superconductivity of the patch is modeled by including surface complex impedance in the formulation. In order to validate the present method, numerical results for the cylindrical microstrip antenna with a perfectly conducting patch are presented and very good agreement has been demonstrated between our computed data and those found in the literature. Once the validity of the method is checked, the effect of the superconducting patch on resonance frequency, half-power bandwidth and radiation pattern of cylindrical rectangular microstrip patch is studied. It is found that the resonant frequency is affected significantly by the superconductivity property of the patch and the half-power bandwidth is considerably increased, which improves the narrow bandwidth characteristics of the microstrip structure. Further results show that a thin superconductor patch has a significant effect on the E-plane radiation pattern.     

宽频带的微带等角螺旋天线设计

为了实现宽频带天线指定方向的高性能辐射，设计了一种宽频带的微带等角螺旋天线。为实现阻抗匹配，天线馈电部分设计了一种指数渐变式微带巴伦结构。经过实物测试参数，结果表明加入了指数渐变巴伦结构后天线实现了良好的阻抗匹配并具有良好的宽频带特性，其工作带宽为1.74～4.82 GHz，回波损耗最低达- 30 dB。同时设计了一个平底型金属反射腔用于反射背向电磁波，在保持宽频带工作特性的同时，使天线具有了良好的单向辐射特性，天线在整个工作频段内的增益均大于6 dB，与传统的螺旋天线相比，具有宽频、定向、高增益的特点，具有一定应用前景。     

Gain enhancement and broadband RCS reduction of a circularly polarized aperture-coupled annular-slot antenna using metasurface

A circularly polarized microstrip slot antenna with low radar cross-section (RCS) and high gain was designed using a metasurface composed of a \(6 \times 6\) array of corner-truncated square patches placed on top of the upper substrate. By optimizing the geometry of the metasurface patches and L-shaped feed of the proposed antenna, broadband RCS reduction and improved overall antenna performance were achieved. A prototype antenna was fabricated, and the results showed that the proposed antenna exhibited an impedance bandwidth of 29.08 % in the frequency band of 4.29–5.75 GHz. The designed antenna achieved good 3-dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of about 30.18 % with center frequency of 5.3 GHz, and gain in the broadside direction of 9.9 dBi. Using the designed metasurface, remarkable monostatic RCS reduction was obtained in the frequency range from 4 to 13 GHz.     

Application of combined electric- and magnetic-conductor ground planes for antenna performance enhancement

This paper investigates the application of three different ground planes for antenna performance enhancement. They are the conventional perfect electric conductor (PEC), the perfect magnetic conductor (PMC), and their combination. A half-wavelength dipole in free space is considered as the reference case, and its performance over these ground planes is investigated and compared. It is shown that by using a combined PMC-PEC ground plane, one can achieve a better performance. Next, a microstrip patch antenna is considered as the source and is placed over a high-impedance surface (HIS) or an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC). Here too, adding a PEC ground plane on the periphery of the HIS or AMC improves the antenna gain significantly. As well, the superiority of AMC ground planes, consisting of grounded dielectric slabs loaded with periodic metallic patches without shorting pins (vias), is investigated in detail. Simulation results show that use of such artificial ground planes can enhance the microstrip patch antenna gain and bandwidth remarkably. These enhancements are confirmed by measurement, and high gains of 10.4 dBi and input impedance bandwidths of 28% are measured.     

Genetic algorithm optimization of broadband microstrip antenna

Genetic algorithm (GA) is utilized to design microstrip patch antenna shapes for broad bandwidth. A new project based on GA and high frequency simulation software (HFSS) is proposed to perform optimization. Reasonable agreement between simulated results and measured results of the GA-optimized design is obtained. The optimized patch design exhibits a three-fold enhancement in bandwidth when contrasted with a standard square microstrip antenna, showing the validity of this project.     

L频段宽带GaN芯片高功率放大器设计

针对当前无线通信系统中射频功率放大器工作带宽窄、输出功率和附加效率低的缺点,本文基于 CREE 公司的 GaN 功率管设计了一款新型的 L 频段宽带大功率射频功率放大器。用源牵引和负载牵引技术测得工作频段内最佳输入输出阻抗,再通过集总参数元件与微带线结合的方法设计宽带匹配网络,并对放大器功率、效率以及谐波分量等指标进行测试。测试数据表明,当放大器工作在 L 频段300 MHz 带宽内(相对工作带宽为27.7%),输入功率为34 dBm的连续波(CW)时,其输出功率可达50.4 dBm(108 W),附加效率不低于48%,平坦度为±0.1 dB。因此,本文设计的 GaN 射频宽带功率放大器具有带宽宽、效率高、功率大的特点,具备应用价值。