基于S1/2范数的非局部视频去噪

为了去除视频中的高斯噪声及脉冲噪声,提出了 一种基于S1/2矩阵范数的非局部视频去噪算法。 首先,在视频数据中利用非局部块匹配的钻石搜索算法搜寻与参考图像块最相似的图像块组 ;然后,将搜 寻到的相似图像块组列向量化后组合成的矩阵进行基于S1/2范数的低秩和稀疏分解,分解后 的低秩成分视 为原视频场景信息,稀疏成分视为视频中存在的随机值脉冲噪声及异常值数据;最后,由低 秩矩阵恢复的 各图像块数据经过加权平均后作为参考图像块的去噪估计值,进而求得视频各帧图像的去噪 估计值。实 验结果表明,本文方法能够有效去除视频中的高斯噪声和脉冲噪声,相比同类 算法,去噪后的视频无论 在视觉质量上还是客观评价指标上都有明显的优势。     

滤除图像中混合噪声的LSE模型

图像中的高斯白噪声使LS模型中的低秩矩阵低秩性和稀疏矩阵稀疏性不能同时满足,造成去噪不充分或细节严重丢失。本文在LS模型的基础上引入高斯噪声约束项,提出一种新的用于去除图像中混合噪声的LSE模型,该模型首先对图像进行相似块匹配,然后对得到的相似块低秩逼近得到去噪图像。实验结果表明,与LS模型相比,LSE模型在保证去噪效果的同时,保留了图像的细节信息,具有更佳的视觉效果,去噪图像的信噪比提高了约0.1-2dB;与BM3D相比,在高斯噪声较小的情况下信噪比提高了约0.5-2.5dB。      

基于稀疏表示的Shearlet域SAR图像去噪

该文通过分析SAR图像的噪声成因以及其斑点噪声模型,结合图像的稀疏表示理论提出一种基于稀疏表示的Shearlet域SAR图像去噪算法。算法从整体上对SAR图像进行去噪:首先对SAR图像进行Shearlet变换,然后利用稀疏表示模型构造出去噪的最优化模型,在此基础上进行迭代去噪,然后重构SAR图像得到去噪后的图像。实验结果表明:该文所提出的算法不仅可以显著去除相干斑噪声,提高去噪图像的峰值信噪比(Peak Signal to Noise Ratio, PSNR),还明显地改善了图像的视觉效果,更好地保留了图像纹理信息。     

基于专家场先验模型的图像超分辨重建算法

为了进一步提高图像超分辨率重建的质量,针对非局部集中稀疏表示算法中重建图像的噪声问题,提出了一种基于专家场先验模型的图像超分辨率重建改进算法。首先,利用专家场模型从图像训练集中学习整幅图像的先验知识建立全局先验模型;然后将学习到的先验信息用于非局部集中稀疏表示模型求解最优稀疏表示系数;最后,得到高分辨率图像估计。该算法在超分辨率重建迭代运算的同时,同步更新专家场模型参数,因此在不显著增加运算复杂度的情况下,通过选取合适的先验约束,有效地增强了图像重建的效果。实验结果表明:相比非局部集中稀疏表示算法,文中算法对无噪和有噪降质图像均能取得较好的峰值信噪比结果,并且能够进一步提高有噪图像的去噪效果。     

基于聚类的图像稀疏去噪方法

在图像去噪方法的研究中,非局部均值算法与稀疏去噪算法是近几年受到广为关注的方法.非局部均值算法将具有邻域相似性的像素点作加权平均;而稀疏去噪算法是将图像的非噪声部分用过完备字典进行稀疏表示.基于上述两种方法的思想,本文提出了基于聚类的稀疏去噪方法,该方法结合了非局部均值算法与稀疏去噪算法的优点,对相似的图像块进行聚类,并通过施加l1/l2范数的正则化约束,对同一类中的图像块在过完备字典上进行相同结构的稀疏表示,从而达到去噪目的.在字典的选择上,本文使用DCT字典和双正交小波字典,能够同时保留原图像中的平滑分量与细节分量.实验结果表明,本文方法比传统的稀疏去噪方法有更好的去噪效果.     

应用残差总变分和低秩表示的视频去噪算法

为了有效地去除视频当中的高斯噪声和脉冲噪声,提出了一种新的视频去噪算法。该算法通过相似图像块组内的残差值总变分及低秩表示来同时探索图像块内的局部相似性以及图像块之间的相似性。首先,采用块匹配的方式在含噪视频中寻找最相似图像块并组合成图像块组;其次将每个相似图像组表达为一个低秩矩阵及一个稀疏矩阵之和,并同时强调低秩矩阵内的残差总变分范数最小化;最后,通过求解最优化问题获得最终的低秩矩阵,即恢复出的图像块组数据。实验结果表明,本文的算法能够有效去除视频当中含有的高斯噪声和脉冲噪声。与同类算法相比,能够获得显著的峰值信噪比提升。      

一种改进的非局部平均去噪方法

 对非局部平均去噪算法提出了以下改进：首先,利用图像中具有对称结构的性质,在相似性邻域的比较中引入邻域的对称变换,更好地利用了图像的自相似性质;其次,提出一种基于图像灰度分布统计特性的滤波参数选取方法,能够根据不同像素的特点自适应地选取滤波参数;此外,利用非局部平均算法能有效地保护图像结构信息的性质,提出一种两级非局部平均去噪方法.对测试图像去噪的实验结果表明,与原始算法相比,提出的改进方法能够在保护图像结构信息的前提下更有效地去除噪声,峰值信噪比最多可以提高5.9dB, 去噪效果优于BM-3D方法.     

稀疏性正则化的图像泊松去噪算法

去除医学、天文图像中的泊松噪声是一个重要问题,基于图像在过完备字典下的稀疏表示,在BayesianMAP框架下建立了稀疏性正则化的图像泊松去噪凸变分模型,采用负log的泊松似然函数作为模型的数据保真项,模型中非光滑的正则项约束图像表示系数的稀疏性,并附加非负件约束,保证去噪图像的非负性.基于分裂Bregman方法,提出...     

利用HSSIM和残差比阈值的3维激光扫描图像去噪

为了更好地实现3维激光扫描图像的去噪,提出一种融合直方图结构相似度(HSSIM)和残差比阈值的改进稀疏去噪算法。利用初始化过完备字典进行稀疏分解,以相似因子代替重构误差作为保真项,利用残差比阈值作为正交匹配追踪算法的迭代终止条件对图像进行去噪,获得了去噪后图像的峰值信噪比及HSSIM指标。结果表明,与基于db2小波变换、多尺度曲波变换和离散余弦变换的去噪方法相比,该算法能获得更好的峰值信噪比和HSSIM数据。在有效去除图像噪声的同时还能更有效地保留图像的细节特征。     

基于非局部图像去噪的方法研究

提出了一种利用非局部相似的图像去噪方法,通过非凸函数阈值得到噪声图像的多个初步去噪图像,其参数的选择较接近,并将这些初步去噪的图像选取相似块,利用非局部平均的方法,对图像进行去噪恢复。通过实验可知,文中提出的方法对于噪声图像去噪具有较好的效果,与典型的非局部平均方法相比,该方法能得到更好的峰值信噪比。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.