Über einige Lipoid-Inhaltsstoffe aus den Früchten von Pimpinella anisum (L.) und Carum carvi (L.)

Component Lipids of the Fruits of Pimpinella anisum (L.) and Carum carvi (L.) Following substances could be isolated from the lipid portion of the fruits of Pimpinella anisum (L.) and Carum carvi (L.) by extraction with ether followed by fractionation on an aluminium oxide column: Fructus anisi: a mixture of fatty acids (C₁₆?, C₁₈?, C₂₀?, C₂₂?, C₂₄?, C₂₆?, C₃₀? and > C₃₀?acids), stigmasteryl palmitate and stearate, free stigmasterol and the coumarins bergaptene, umbelliprenine, umbelliferone and scopoletin; Fructus carvi: glycerides of C₁₆?, C₁₈?, C₁₈ ^{= 1}-, C₁₈ ^{= 2}- and C₁₈ ^{= 3}-acids, one sterol(?) and the coumarins umbelliferone, scopoletin and herniarin(?).     

Über einige Lipoid-Inhaltsstoffe aus den Früchten von Anethum graveolens (L.) und Coriandrum sativum (L.)

Some Lipid Containing Substances from Fruits of Anethum Graveolens L. and Coriandrum Sativum L. From the lipid part of fruits from anethum graveolens L. and coriandrum sativum L. the following substances could be isolated by ether extraction followed by fractionation on an aluminium oxide column: Fructus anethi: a wax (composition: C₁₆-, C₁₈-, C₂₂-, C₂₄-, C₂₆- and C₂₈-acids and C₂₄-, C₂₆-, C₂₈-, C₃₀- and C₃₂- alcohols), the coumarins bergapten and umbelliprenin, an unidentified compound (phytofluen?) as well as γ-sitosterol. Fructus coriandri: an unidentified compound (phytofluen?), γ-sitosterol, umbelliferone and scopoletin.     

Der Ertrag und die Qualität der Früchte von neun Sonnenblumensorten aus verschiedenen Ländern unter weltweit gestreuten Anbaubedingungen im Mittel von zwei Jahren

Yield and Quality of Seeds from New Sunflower Varieties from Various Countries Under Widely Varying Conditions of Cultivation in an Average of Two Years Studies with 9 varieties from different countries carried out all over the world for a period of two years have provided information concerning the yield of sunflower and the alteration of the quality of oil and that of the residue as feedstuff. The yields varied within the varieties in an average of 6 locations and two years from 24 dt/ha to 32 dt/ha and within the locations in an average of the years and varieties from 15 dt/ha in Bornova/Turkey to 33 dt/ha in Groß-Gerau/Germany. With respect to crude fat content, the varietal differences were 33.3% for the German variety “Sobrid” and 47.9% for the American hybrid “Cms HA 89”; the differences due to location varied from 38.6% for Turkey under dry cultivation conditions to 45.8% in Groß-Gerau. The crude protein content of the seed varied within the varieties between 18.5 and 20.1% and within the locations between 17.1% for Lincoln/New Zealand and 20.8% in Karadj/Iran. The crude fiber content of the defatted seeds, which to a great extent depends on the proportion of hulls in the seeds, varied between 26.8% (Cms HA/USA and Vniimk 8931/UdSSR) and 38.4% (Sorex/Germany).     

Pro- und Antioxydantien auf dem Fettgebiet XXV: Über ihre Lokalisierung in Samen und Früchten sowie in Kartoffeln

Pro- and Antioxidants in the Field of Fats XXV: Their Localisation in Seeds, Fruits and Potatoes Antioxidative action of various plant extracts on highly purified linseed oil and methyl linoleate was determined. Extracts from the peripheral zones of different fruits possess the maximum oxidation inhibiting action, which depends on the variety and the period of storage. The flavonol quercetin occurs in the flesh of onions as glycoside and not in free state. In connection with the stability of potato products during storage, the lipid content and the distribution of lipids between starch and protein of the potatoes are determined. The scope of a possible utilization of the antioxidants present in the potato skins is discussed.     

Vergleich von thermisch und photolytisch ausgelöstem Abbau von PVC-Preßlingen und -Folien

Comparative investigations of PVC discs and foils concerning their thermal and photolytical behaviour showed an expiration of thermal degradation in the mass, whilst the photo processes injure only the surface of a sample. The investigations of polymer samples with different masses have demonstrated a constant rate of thermal dehydrochlorination in nitrogen, which was not influenced by the polymer mass. The degradation experiments in air resulted in an increased HCl-elimination with increasing degradation time. Oxidation reactions which occur in the presence of air cause an accelerated degradation and therefore the dehydrochlorination reaction is appointed as an additional reaction and not in competition with the HCl-elimination process. The influence of UV-light on PVC-discs and foils efforted a much higher dehydrochlorination rate; the energy of the rays is able to stimulate all types of chlorine atoms at the surface. The photolytical injury of the surface increased with degradation time resulting in a decrease of the degradation rate. The degraded and cross-linked material is insoluble in all solvents.     

Untersuchung und Beurteilung von PAK in Speisefetten und -ölen

Investigation and Legal Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Vegetable Fats and Oils The analysis of 40 native and refined commercially available vegetable fats and oils reveals the influence of the environment and the treatment on the contamination with PAHs. Totally refined oils and fats have no or only a low contamination of PAHs whereas grapeseed oil contains PAHs to a high extent. This fact has to be deduced to the old-fashioned drying process of the pressed grapes. The analytical procedure with HPLC and fluorimetric detection was done after alcaline hydrolysis. The PAHs were extracted using the distribution between DMF, cyclohexane and water. The legal evaluation of high contaminated is discussed in regard of national and international regulations.