低分压CO2在有机胺水溶液中的溶解度

建立了一套用于测定低分压CO2在有机胺水溶液中溶解度的实验装置。在298、308 K下分别测定了低分压CO2在较低浓度的乙醇胺(MEA)、二乙醇胺(DEA)水溶液中的溶解度。结果表明,在较低的溶解度下,CO2在有机胺水溶液中的平衡分压接近于0;当溶解度增大到一定程度后,平衡分压随其增加而急剧增大,同时,温度的升高和有机胺浓度的增大均能增大CO2的平衡分压。通过实验数据拟合得到的理论模型参数与实验值符合较好。     

The solubility of ethane in n-methylpyrrolidinone

The solubility of ethane in N-methylpyrrolidinone (NMP) has been measured at ?10, 25, 40, 50, 70, 75, 100, and 120°C at pressures up to 7.1 MPa. The solubility data obtained are compared with those of ethane in other physical solvents. The results were correlated with the Peng-Robinson (1976) equation of state and the interaction parameters were obtained. Henry's constants were also determined.     

Solubilities of carbon dioxide,hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide in physical solvents

Solubilities expressed by Henry's law constants for carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide in four physical solvents (propylene carbonate, N-formyl morpholine, Selexol, and methyl cyanoacetate) have been measured at several temperatures ranging from 25°C to 70°C, using gas-liquid chromatography. Thermodynamic properties including enthalpies and entropies of solution have been derived from the solubility data.     

Partitioning,solubility and solubilization of limonene into water or short-chain phosphatidylcholine solutions

Using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS–SPME), equilibrium distributions could be determined for hydrophobic solutes in closed systems containing vapor and aqueous solution, either in the absence or presence of two short-chain phospholipids, dihexanoyl-phosphatidylcholine (diC₆PC) and diheptanoyl-phosphatidylcholine (diC₇PC). Without phospholipid, HS–SPME with short extraction times was used to measure water–vapor partition coefficients for d-limonene at five temperatures within 15–40°C, with results in good agreement with existing literature. The temperature dependence of yielded the enthalpy of volatilization 34.5 kJ/mol for limonene. At 25°C, solubility values for d-limonene, 1-octanol, and n-decane were obtained using similar measurements above aqueous solutions of various solute concentrations. Short-time HS–SPME extraction of limonene in closed vials containing diC₆PC or diC₇PC micelles was also used to evaluate distributions of solute between vapor, aqueous dissolution, and micelles, for various surfactant concentrations at 15–40°C. Resulting vapor phase concentrations were analyzed using a mass balance and measured values, to obtain micelle–water partition coefficients and critical micelle concentrations. in diC₆PC solutions (1–2 mM⁻¹) weakly increased with temperature, but decreased significantly with increased temperature for diC₇PC micelles (2–4 mM⁻¹). Solubilization in short-chain PC micelles has previously received little attention, and our results show that the extent of partitioning into these diacyl (i.e., two-tailed) lipids is comparable to that for single-tailed anionic or nonionic surfactants.     

Design and construction of an equipment for the determination of solubility of gases in liquids

This article presents the design and construction of a new isochoric saturation apparatus for the determination of gas solubility in liquids based on the gas drop pressure method. The major improvement of this design is the separation between the solubility and the gas cells. With this separation, the change of pressure and temperature inside the system is minimum when the gas gets in contact with the liquid and it allows degassing the liquid in an easy way. The performance of the equipment was evaluated measuring the solubility of argon and nitrogen in pure water at 283.15, 288.15, 293.15, and 298.15 K. The gas solubility was calculated according to the Henry's law. The results obtained and the comparison with literature values show that the equipment provides an accurate and precise method for determination of gas solubility in water. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 3105–3109, 2017     

The solubility of ethane in triethylene glycol monomethyl ether

The solubility of ethane in triethylene glycol monomethyl ether (TEGMME) has been measured at 40, 70 and 100°C at pressures up to 9.2 MPa. The solubility data obtained are compared with those of ethane in other physical solvents. The results were correlated with the Peng-Robinson (1976) equation of state and the interaction parameters were obtained. Henry's constants were also determined.     

The solubility of HFC125, HFC134a,HFC143a and HFC152a in n-eicosane,n-hexadecane,n-tridecane and 2, 6, 10, 14-tetramethylpentadecane

The solubility of 1, 1, 1, 2,2-pentafluoroethane (HFC125), 1, 1, 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC134a), 1, 1, 1-trifluoroethane (HFC143a) and 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC152a) in four well-known hydrocarbons have been measured at temperatures between 293.15 and 363.15 K and pressures between 0.05 and 2 MPa. Henry's constant, and the activity coefficient for HFCs at infinite dilution, have been derived for measurements below 0.28 MPa. The measurements were made with an isochoric method and their uncertainty is less than 2% for Henry's constant and less than 3% at high pressure. For several mixtures, the experimental data have been correlated with the UNIQUAC method and binary interaction parameters have been derived, resulting in a deviation from the data of less than 4%.     

The solubility of CO2 in triethylene glycol monomethyl ether

The solubility of CO₂ in triethylene glycol monomethyl ether (TEGMME) has been measured at 40, 70 and 100°C at pressures up to 8.8 MPa. The results were correlated with the Peng-Robinson (1976) equation of state. The interaction parameters and Henry's constants were derived.     

单、二、三乙醇胺混合液的气相色谱分析

以邻苯二甲酸二甲酯为内标物,建立用气相色谱法测定乙醇胺混合物中单乙醇胺(MEA)、二乙醇胺(DEA)、三乙醇胺(TEA)含量的方法.被测组分以SE-54毛细管柱分离,氢火焰离子化检测器测定.结果表明在所选择的条件下,单、二、三乙醇胺能较好的分离,一定浓度范围内,3种乙醇胺与内标物峰面积比与质量浓度比有良好的线性关系,相关系数分别为0.9988、0.9993及0.9995.3种被测组分回收率范围分别为97.25%～101.06%、97.80%～100.57%、99.61%～102.35%,RSD分别为2.81%、2.39%及1.41%.     

Solubility of propane in N-formyl morpholine

N-formyl morpholine (NFM) is a solvent that has been used to separate acid gases from gas streams. An advantage of NFM is the high solubility of acid gases compared with the low solubility of light hydrocarbons. The solubility of the light hydrocarbons in NFM is important, as the hydrocarbons constitute a loss to the process, and result in hydrocarbon emissions to the atmosphere. However, there are only a few experimental data sets dealing with the solubility of hydrocarbons in NFM. To provide data to be used in the design of plants in the natural gas processing industry, the solubility of propane (C₃H₈) in NFM was measured at 298.15, 313.15, and 343.15 K at pressures up to 20.15 MPa. The Peng-Robinson equation of state was employed to correlate the experimental data and to obtain binary interaction parameters. The binary interaction parameters were used to obtain the parameters of the Krichevsky-Ilinskaya equation and Henry's law constants for propane were calculated. Henry's law constants for propane were compared with those of hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide, methane, and ethane in NFM.     

The solubility of HCFC22, CFC114 and HFC152A in n-hexadecane

The solubilities of chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC22), 1, 2-dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CFC114) and 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC 152a) in n-hexadecane have been measured at temperatures between 303. 15 and 343. IS K and Henry's constants have been derived. The measurements were made with two different methods, a GLC method and an isochoric method. In general the results of the methods differ less than their combined margin of error, which is estimated to be less than 5% for the GLC method and less than 2% for the isochoric method.     

The solubility of H2S and CO2 in aqueous monoethanolamine solutions

The solubility of hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide, respectively, in 2.5 and 5.0 N aqueous monoethanolamine solutions has been determined at temperatures of 40°C and 100°C. Partial pressures of CO₂ ranged from 0.1 to 1000 psia, while partial pressures of H₂S ranged from 0.3 to 650 psia. The results have been used, together with literature data, to calculate enthalpies of solution.     

Solubilities of Carbon Dioxide in Polyethylene Glycol Ethers

New extensive data are reported for the solubility of carbon dioxide in fourteen physical solvents, and compared to two other solvents widely used in industry (selexol® and sulfolane). The solubility data are expressed by Henry's law constants and have been measured at 25 °C, 40 °C and 60 °C, using an Autoclave cell. The study concludes that polyethylene glycol dimethyl ethers, and mixtures of these solvents are the best solvents for CO₂ removal.     

水合物存在条件下CH_4和CO_2在溶液中溶解度计算

实验测定了在不同温度、压力条件下,水合物存在时CO2和CH4在水溶液中的溶解度。将Chen-Guo水合物模型和拓展的P-T状态方程应用到水合物存在条件下CH4和CO2在溶液中的溶解度计算,对于V-Lw-H三相条件下CH4和CO2在液相中的溶解度取得了较高的计算精度。本文将vander Waals-Platteeuw模型和拓展的P-T状态方程结合,建立了用于计算高于三相平衡压力条件下CH4和CO2在液相中溶解度的模型。考察了系统压力对CH4和CO2在液相中溶解度的影响。结果表明,压力增加会显著影响CH4和CO2在其溶液中的溶解度。模型基于两点假设经过改进后具有较高的计算精度,能够用于水合物存在条件下CH4和CO2在液相中溶解度的计算。     

UNIFAC法研究甲烷气体溶解度

用自建的一套设备测定了甲烷在异丙醇、丙酮、四氢呋喃、环己酮及乙酸甲酯中的高压溶解度。采用UNIFAC法对自测及文献中甲烷在极性纯溶剂中的溶解度数据进行了关联和估算,定义了新基团,并回归出了基团间的交互作用能量参数。结果表明,用文中得到的参数估算甲烷在相关溶剂中的溶解度数据结果良好。     

Simple three parameter equations for correlating liquid phase compositions in subcritical and supercritical systems

Two Chrastil type expressions have been developed to model the solubility of supercritical fluids/gases in liquids. The three parameter expressions proposed correlates the solubility as a function of temperature, pressure and density. The equation can also be used to check the self-consistency of the experimental data of liquid phase compositions for supercritical fluid–liquid equilibria. Fifty three different binary systems (carbon-dioxide + liquid) with around 2700 data points encompassing a wide range of compounds like esters, alcohols, carboxylic acids and ionic liquids were successfully modeled for a wide range of temperatures and pressures. Besides the test for self-consistency, based on the data at one temperature, the model can be used to predict the solubility of supercritical fluids in liquids at different temperatures.     

Prediction of Henry's law constants by matrix completion

Methods for predicting Henry's law constants H_ij are important as experimental data are scarce. We introduce a new machine learning approach for such predictions: matrix completion methods (MCMs) and demonstrate its applicability using a data base that contains experimental H_ij values for 101 solutes i and 247 solvents j at 298 K. Data on H_ij are only available for 2661 systems i + j. These H_ij are stored in a 101 × 247 matrix; the task of the MCM is to predict the missing entries. First, an entirely data-driven MCM is presented. Its predictive performance, evaluated using leave-one-out analysis, is similar to that of the Predictive Soave-Redlich-Kwong equation-of-state (PSRK-EoS), which, however, cannot be applied to all studied systems. Furthermore, a hybrid of MCM and PSRK-EoS is developed in a Bayesian framework, which yields an unprecedented performance for the prediction of H_ij of the studied data set.     

Kinetics of methane hydrate formation in aqueous electrolyte solutions

Experimental data on the kinetics of methane hydrate formation in aqueous electrolyte solutions are reported. The experiments were carried out in a semi-batch stirred tank reactor in three NaCl and two KCl solutions as well as in a solution containing a mixture of NaCl and KCl at three different nominal temperatures from 270 to 274 K and at pressures ranging from 3.78 to 7.08 MPa. The kinetic model developed by Englezos et al. (1987a) was adapted to predict the growth of hydrates. The model is based on the crystallisation theory coupled with the two-film theory for gas absorption in the liquid phase. The kinetic rate constant which appears in the model was that obtained earlier for methane hydrate formation in pure water. The effect of the electrolytes was taken into account through the computation of the three-phase equilibrium conditions and the corresponding fugacities. Overall, the model predictions match the experimental data very well with the largest prediction error being less than 10%.     

Prediction of solubility of hydrogen in petroleum cuts using modified unifac

The solubility of hydrogen in different crude oil fractions was estimated using the modified UNIFAC group contribution method. Functional group concentrations were estimated from suggested group model structures. An optimization technique was carried out on critical properties to test the group model structure. The validity of this approach was verified by comparing the predicted and experimental hydrogen solubilities. The experimental hydrogen solubilities were measured by means of pulse response techniques.