基于盲源分离的自适应抗干扰算法研究

在卫星导航系统遇到的干扰中,一般分为压制式干扰和转发式干扰。压制式干扰远大于卫星信号,采用功率倒置算法就可以形成所需的零陷;转发式干扰的信号强度可以与卫星信号相比拟,要在干扰位置处形成零陷存在一系列困难。在干扰信号与有用信号相比拟的情况下,提出将快速独立分量分析算法（fast independent component analysis,FastICA）结合自适应抗干扰算法对干扰进行抑制,自适应算法采用波达方向估计（DOA）算法及基于DOA的波束形成算法,该方法能在干扰与有用信号比拟的情况下,对干扰进行有效抑制,计算机仿真结果也证明了该方法的有效性。为导航系统中有效抑制弱干扰提供了一种新思路。     

一种强干扰条件下微弱信号DOA估计的新方法

给出了一种基于均匀线性阵列的既能抑制强烈干扰,又能同时进行微弱信号DOA估计的算法。在已知强干扰源个数和入射方向的前提下,先使用改进的波束形成方法,在子阵上进行波束形成以抗干扰,再对加权后的子阵进行微弱信号的DOA估计。该方法的优点是当干扰和希望信号处在同一个波束内时,不需要提高信号的信噪比就可以正确地估计出信号的入射方向。理论分析和计算机仿真都表明该算法是有效的。     

基于转换矩阵的GPS相干干扰抑制技术

本文首先采用空间平滑技术消除有用的GPS信号与相干干扰信号之间的相关性,然后构造干扰转换矩阵,从而抑制干扰信号,保留有用信号和噪声。最后根据最大输出信噪比原则,获得最佳波束形成器。仿真分析表明该方法可以有效提高输出信号的信号干扰加噪声比,且对信号的DOA估计不敏感。     

强相干干扰下微弱信号波达方向估计

针对强相干干扰环境影响微弱信号的波达方向(Direction Of Arrival, DOA)问题,提出了一种均匀线阵下的微弱信号DOA估计算法.精确估计强干扰源的个数和入射方向,将阵列划分成两个虚拟子阵,利用微弱信号的参考入射方向,在子阵上进行波束形成来抑制干扰并提高待估计信号的信干噪比,使用比相单脉冲进行DOA估计,同时对子阵波束形成和DOA估计进行迭代运算以提高微弱信号的DOA估计精度.该方法提高了阵列对抗相干干扰的能力,同时对微弱信号的DOA进行有效的估计.理论分析和计算机仿真结果验证了算法的正确性和有效性.     

车载雷达架设控制系统集成设计

针对强相干干扰背景中弱信号的波达方向(DOA)估计问题,提出了一种基于迭代算法的弱信号DOA估计新算法。首先估计强相干干扰的波达方向,然后将阵列划分成两个子阵,进行子阵波束形成来抑制干扰并提高待估计的弱信号的信干噪比,最后利用子阵相位中心偏移进行DOA估计,为提高弱信号的DOA估计精度对以上过程进行迭代运算。该算法在强相干干扰环境下能有效进行弱信号DOA估计,而且估计精度较高。理论分析和计算机仿真结果验证了算法的正确性和有效性。     

子阵分级处理与稀疏恢复联合的抗主副瓣干扰方法

传统的抗干扰方法在低信噪比条件下性能恶化,对此本文提出了子阵分级处理与稀疏恢复联合的抗干扰方法。新方法首先按照一定规则将全阵列划分为多个子阵列;然后利用自适应波束形成（ADBF）技术抑制各子阵接收信号中的副瓣干扰信号,并将各子阵ADBF后的输出数据联合,构建新的阵列数据;最后通过新构建的阵列数据构建稀疏表示,改进了多测量向量降维提升法（ReMBo）,并与交叉方向乘子法（ADMM）联合进行稀疏恢复,分离得到目标回波信号,并得到了波达角（DOA）的估计。仿真实验表明,新方法能有效对抗主副瓣干扰,与其它方法相比,具有更好的目标检测和DOA估计性能,特别是在低信噪比的条件下。      

基于改进互耦系数估计算法的自适应波束形成

阵列信号在实际应用中,常常会面临噪声的干扰,低信噪比(signal noise ratio, SNR)时波束形成器性能会急剧下降.针对该问题,提出一种基于改进互耦系数估计的抗互耦算法的自适应波束形成,即研究信号在不同输入SNR以及不同干扰波达方向(direction of arrival,DOA)估计误差下的互耦系数估计误差;并通过误差分析修正原算法不同SNR下参与估计信号的数目.改进算法改进了导向矢量和期望信号,提高了低SNR下互耦系数估计的准确度,对比分析验证了其在低SNR情况下有更强的抗干扰能力,对互耦现象有着更好的稳健性.     

改进未知互耦信息下矩阵重构算法的波束形成

针对自适应波束形成器在低信噪比下受阵列互耦效应的干预而导致的性能下降问题,研究一种基于改进未知互耦信息下导向矢量失配的矩阵重构算法的波束形成。利用互耦矩阵的特殊性在加入互耦之前给期望信号导向矢量适配一个误差值,通过设置输入信噪比取值条件,调整导向矢量的估计值,进而对重构出来的干扰加噪声协方差矩阵进行二次特征分解,得到最优权矢量。仿真实验表明,算法显著提高了波束形成器应对未知的互耦信息下抗干扰的能力,在低信噪比下体现出更好的稳健性。该算法对方向矢量进行修正并增强了对干扰的抑制能力,显著提高了波束形成器的性能。     

低信噪比条件下宽带欠定信号高精度DOA估计

为提高低信噪比条件下宽带欠定信号DOA估计精度,该文提出基于网格失配迭代最小化稀疏学习的宽带DOA估计方法。该方法首先对频域协方差矩阵进行矢量化处理实现虚拟阵列扩展,将欠定信号转换为超定信号。其次利用线性变换滤除含有噪声项的虚拟阵元,并对协方差估计误差进行了白化处理,抑制了信号中的干扰项。最后建立了包含不同频点联合稀疏参数和网格失配参数的贝叶斯层次架构,推导了联合稀疏参数、网格失配参数的最小稀疏表达式并进行了迭代学习。较传统方法,该方法不依赖任何先验信息,更好地抑制了虚拟阵元中的噪声和干扰,降低了网格失配对DOA估计的影响,在低信噪比条件下具有更高的DOA估计精度和分辨率。仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于嵌套阵列的稀疏表示稳健波束形成方法

针对波束形成中目标方位失配以及噪声加干扰的协方差矩阵非精确重构造成的波束形成方法性能下降的问题,提出一种基于嵌套阵列的稀疏表示稳健波束形成方法。在该方法中,计算嵌套阵的采样协方差矩阵,通过差合作阵处理得到一孔径扩展的虚拟均匀线列阵;基于稀疏表示的方法来估计目标以及干扰的准确方位信息;进一步利用得到的方位信息构造导向矢量,通过最小二乘方法计算干扰信号的精确功率值;最后重构干扰加噪声协方差矩阵,通过波束形成实现干扰抑制。数值仿真表明,所提方法有效提升了干扰加噪声协方差矩阵重构精确度,在不同信噪比和快拍数条件下,输出信噪比都能逼近最优信干噪比,验证了该算法的有效性。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks