Power quality improvement using fuzzy logic controller for five-level shunt active power filter under distorted voltage conditions

In this paper, a five-level inverter is used as a shunt active power filter (APF), taking advantages of the multilevel inverter such as low harmonic distortion and reduced switching losses. It is used to compensate reactive power and eliminate harmonics drawn from a thyristor rectifier feeding an inductive load (RL) under distorted voltage conditions. The APF control strategy is based on the use of self-tuning filters (STF) for reference current generation and a fuzzy logic current controller. The use of STF instead of classical extraction filters allows extracting directly the voltage and current fundamental components in the α-β axis without phase locked loop (PLL). The MATLAB fuzzy logic toolbox is used for implementing the fuzzy logic control algorithm. The obtained results show that the proposed shunt APF controller has produced a sinusoidal supply current with low harmonic distortion and in phase with the line voltage.     

Fuzzy multi-objective technique combined with VCS algorithm for unified power quality conditioner based on hybrid power source PEMFC/SC

This paper is proposed to establish an optimal control method for UPQC (Unified Power Quality Conditioner) to improve power quality and manage effectively equal power sharing between shunt and series inverter of UPQC under electrical faults condition. The UPQC is modeled to protect sensitive load from source side voltage disturbances under nonlinear load conditions. A hybrid power generator that integrates a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) as the main energy source and a super capacitor (SC) as secondary source is proposed to feed the FACT device. In this work, a new control strategy is presented for considering the voltage sag, power factor and total harmonic distortion (THD) as multi-objective of UPQC controller. For this purpose, a new powerful algorithm named virus colony search (VCS) is used for determining the coefficients of the PI controller of UPQC. By using the fuzzification process for the objectives function, a suitable fitness function is established for the optimization method. From the simulations, it can be seen that the results obtained by the proposed algorithm are best and attractive compared to other method. Consequently, the proposed strategy is effective and outstrips other strategies.     

电网畸变条件下有源电力滤波器同步锁相研究

电网畸变条件下,如频率脉动、电压谐波过大和存在直流分量时,会导致有源电力滤波器的锁相精度下降,为此提出了一种由滑动平均滤波器(MAF)和同步锁相环(SRF-PLL)组成的有源电力滤波器同步锁相方法,该方法在同步旋转坐标系中利用滑动平均滤波器(MAF)从畸变电网信号中提取精确的基波正序分量,保证了SRF-PLL无静差、高精度的跟踪电网的相位,从而使有源电力滤波器在电网畸变条件下具有很好的适应性,仿真和试验结果验证了该锁相方法的有效性和优越性。     

THD reduction with reactive power compensation for fuzzy logic DVR based solar PV grid connected system

Dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is used to protect sensitive loads from voltage disturbances of the distribution generation (DG) system. In this paper, a new control approach for the 200 kW solar photovoltaic grid connected system with perturb and observe maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique is implemented. Power quality improvement with comparison is conducted during fault with proportional integral (PI) and artificial intelligence-based fuzzy logic controlled DVR. MPPT tracks the actual variable DC link voltage while deriving the maximum power from a photovoltaic array and maintains DC link voltage constant by changing modulation index of the converter. Simulation results during fault show that the fuzzy logic based DVR scheme demonstrates simultaneous exchange of active and reactive power with less total harmonic distortion (THD) present in voltage source converter (VSC) current and grid current with fast tracking of optimum operating point at unity power factor. Standards (IEEE-519/1547), stipulates that the current with THD greater than 5% cannot be injected into the grid by any distributed generation source. Simulation results and validations of MPPT technique and operation of fuzzy logic controlled DVR demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control schemes.     

A simple digital control algorithm for three phase shunt active filter: simulation and experimentation

A novel and simple i _freal control algorithm using digital signal processor (DSP) has been proposed and realized for a three phase shunt active filter (SAF). The simulation and prototype construction of SAF is conducted to compensate the reactive power and harmonics in a distribution system. The major feature of the proposed i _freal algorithm is that it does not require unit vector templates and any transformations for the reference current generation of SAF. This reduces the computational complexity and makes the control flexible and faster. The simulation is conducted in MATLAB/SIMULINK while DSP TMS320LF2407 is employed in the digital implementation of hysteresis current control (HCC) for experimentation. The hardware results correlate with the simulation results in reducing the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the source current and achieving unity power factor.     

基于输入输出反馈精确线性化的三相APF控制

将输入输出反馈精确线性化控制方法应用于三相有源电力滤波器非线性控制中。首先建立三相有源电力滤波器的仿射非线性系统模型,推导出了其输入输出反馈精确线性化非线性反馈控制律,实现三相并联型有源电力滤波器有功补偿电流和无功补偿电流的解耦控制器设计。最后使用Matlab进行仿真验证,仿真试验结果表明,该控制策略能较好地实现APF的解耦控制,具有较好的补偿特性,经该控制算法补偿,谐波畸变率限制在2%以下。     

直驱型风力发电变流器低压穿越控制策略研究

研究了直驱型风力发电变流器系统低压穿越控制策略。首先提出了一种对三相电量进行快速准确的正负序分离软件锁相环。在此基础上,为消除直流电压的二次谐波,采用正、负序双电流内环控制不对称运行控制策略。正负序分离软件锁相环采用了正负序级联延时信号消除法,能够实现对三相电压电流基波正负序分量在同步旋转坐标下的快速提取,并且通过选择不同的参数,可以滤除任何次数谐波的干扰。该方法无需采用滤波器,从而同时具备了稳态精确性和动态快速性。现场实验结果表明,该软件锁相环为三相并网型风力发电变流器在电网发生跌落及谐波畸变时提供了良好运行控制提供保障,正负序双电流内环不对称运行的控制策略保证了在电网电压不对称跌落时的正负序分离控制,消除了直流电压的二次谐波。     

一种新型混合滤波器的控制策略及其特性研究

针对一种适合于大功率场合的新型混合有源电力滤波器,从等效电路出发分析在三种典型控制策略下的滤波特性,推导出不同控制策略下电网谐波电流对系统参数波动的灵敏度系数,提出控制策略与控制参数的选取原则,为该新型滤波器的控制策略和控制参数选择提供理论依据。     

Power quality compensation using universal power quality conditioning system

The aim of this letter is to present a universal power quality conditioning system (UPQS) named after a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC), which is extended by adding a shunt active filter at the load side. Its main purpose is to compensate for supply voltage and load current imperfections, such as sags, swells, interruptions, imbalance, flicker, harmonics, reactive currents, and current unbalance. Converter and control analysis is presented together with results showing the UPQS modes of operation.     

并联型有源电力滤波器的Matlab仿真研究

有源电力滤波器用于动态谐波抑制和无功补偿,可以有效地改善电网质量,其主要由谐波电流检测和谐波补偿两部分组成。详细分析了并联型有源电力滤波器的结构及工作原理,采用基于瞬时无功功率理论的ip-iq谐波电流检测方法和三角载波电流跟踪控制方法,利用Matlab软件的Simulink模块对有源滤波器进行了系统建模,并进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明,仿真模型能够实时检测系统中所含谐波电流,并进行补偿,可以很好地起到动态抑制电网谐波的效果。     

Rapid transaction to load variations of active filter supplied by PV system

This paper deals with the analysis and control of a photovoltaic (PV) system connected to the main supply through a Boost converter and shunt active filter supplied by a PV system providing continuous supply of nonlinear load in variation. A robust control of a PV system connected to the grid while feeding a variable nonlinear load is developed and highlighted. This development is based on the control of the Boost converter to extract the maximum power from the PV system using the Perturb and Observe (P and O) algorithm in the presence of temperature and illumination. The proposed modeling and control strategy provide power to the variable nonlinear load and facilitates the transfer of power from solar panel to the grid while improving the quality of energy (harmonic currents compensation, power factor compensation and dc bus voltage regulation). Validation of the developed model and control strategy is conducted using power system simulator Sim-Power System Blockset Matlab/Simulink. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the shunt active filter to load changes, the method of instantaneous power (pq theory) is used to identify harmonic currents. The obtained results show an accurate extraction of harmonic currents and perfect compensation of both reactive power and harmonic currents with a lower THD and in accordance with the IEEE-519 standard.     

风机并网对电能质量影响因子研究

为了给电网控制策略提供可靠的参考依据,对电网在接入风机后电能质量的变化进行了详尽的分析。风机作为电源同时也作为非线性负载接入配电网中使得电能质量的分析更加复杂。首先对国标中着重介绍的稳态电能质量：电压偏差,三相不平衡度,谐波以及电压波动进行理论介绍,然后在Matlab／Simulink上建立了配电系统与风机并网的模型,得到风机对电能质量不同方面的影响程度,最后采用先进电力电子设备为平稳电压电流输出提供一定的方法,并进行验证。研究结果表明,电力谐波和电压波动闪变是风机对电网的最主要的影响因素。     

An interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller for TCSC to improve the damping of power system oscillations

In this paper an interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller (IT2FLC) was proposed for thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC) to improve power system damping. For controller design, memberships of system variables were represented using interval type-2 fuzzy sets. The three-dimensional membership function of type-2 fuzzy sets provided additional degree of freedom that made it possible to directly model and handle uncertainties. Simulations conducted on a single machine infinite bus (SMIB) power system showed that the proposed controller was more effective than particle swarm optimization (PSO) tuned and type-1 fuzzy logic (T1FL) based damping controllers. Robust performance of the proposed controller was also validated at different operating conditions, various disturbances and parameter variation of the transmission line parameters.     

Optimization of a fuzzy logic controller for PV grid inverter control using S-function based PSO

This paper presents implementation of particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm as a C-Mex S-function. The algorithm is used to optimize a 9-rule fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) in a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) inverter. The FLC generates DC bus voltage reference for MPPT. A digital PI current control scheme in rotating dq-reference frame is used to regulate the DC bus voltage and reactive power. The proposed technique simplifies optimal controller design and ensures fast simulation speeds due to seamless integration with the simulation platform. Validity of the proposed method was verified using co-simulation in PSIM and MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation results show that the optimized FLC gives a better performance compared to fixed-step MPPT.     

Delivering clean and pure power

There are two approaches to the mitigation of power quality problems. The first approach is called load conditioning, which ensures that the equipment is made less sensitive to power disturbances, allowing the operation even under significant voltage distortion. The other solution is to install line-conditioning systems that suppress or counteract the power system disturbances. Among the different new technical options available to improve power quality, active power filters have proved to be an important and flexible alternative to compensate for current and voltage disturbances in power distribution systems. Power filter topologies are discussed including shunt active filter, series active filters, series-shunt active filters, and hybrid active filters. New topologies using multilevel inverters are also discussed.     

基于BP神经网络的并联型有源电力滤波器直流侧电压PID控制设计

在传统的基于PI控制的有源电力滤波器直流侧电压控制方法的基础上,针对PI控制方法的不足,提出了基于BP神经网络的并联型有源电力滤波器直流侧电压的PID控制。该方法充分发挥了神经网络具有逼近任意非线性函数的能力,具有动态响应快、超调小、静态误差小的特点,并且实现简单,满足多种变化负载情况下的有源电力滤波器直流侧电压控制要求。对BP神经网络结构进行了设计并推导出隐含层和输出层加权系数计算公式,同时给出了BP神经网络学习算法流程图。通过Matlab对其控制效果进行了仿真研究。     

A fuzzy control strategy for power smoothing and grid dynamic response enrichment of a grid‐connected wind energy conversion system

This paper concentrates on the output power smoothing and the grid dynamic response enhancement of a grid‐interactive MW‐class permanent magnet synchronous generator‐based wind energy conversion system (WECS). A simple fuzzy controller method is applied to improve the overall performance of the WECS. The proposed method can retrieve the storing kinetic energy from the inertia of a wind turbine, perfectly. As a result, it can ensure a proficient power smoothing of the variable speed WECS. On the other hand, the grid side inverter is controlled by the fuzzy controller. This approach can reduce the fluctuation of DC link voltage and can deliver a smooth power to the power grid. The proposed method is compared with two other methods such as the maximum power point tracking control method and the without fuzzy controller method. A simple shunt circuit also includes in the DC link circuit. Therefore, during the system fault condition, the WECS can perform a stable operation. Effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by numerical simulations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Power conditioning system for grid-connected photovoltaic system

This study develops a new control strategy for an expandable grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system. The proposed system performs dual functions of a PV generation and an active power filter, or either one. To this end, the grid current, instead of output current of the converter, is shaped to be a sinusoidal current in phase (or opposite phase) with the grid voltage. Furthermore, its reference current is generated in multiplying the voltage loop controller output by the grid voltage waveform, and therefore non-active components analysis for harmonics elimination and reactive power compensation in the conventional design is not necessary. As a result, the algorithm is simple and easy to implement, and only one sensor for current detection plus two voltage sensors are required. Experimental results verified the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

低压配电网不平衡和谐波问题的综合治理

针对低压配电网三相电流不平衡及谐波而导致三相电压不平衡、线损和变压器损耗增加、中性点电压偏移等问题,提出了基于晶闸管投切电容器和有源滤波器的综合治理方法,给出了利用晶闸管投切电容器进行“粗补”、有源滤波器进行“微补”的小容量综合治理装置及其拓扑结构和控制方法,并提出采用“变P法”和“限无功法”对有源滤波器进行保护。实例仿真结果表明,该综合治理方案行之有效。     

Assessment of a fuzzy logic based MRAS observer used in a photovoltaic array supplied AC drive

In this paper a fuzzy logic (FL) based model reference adaptive system (MRAS) speed observer for high performance AC drives is proposed. The error vector computation is made based on the rotor-flux derived from the reference and the adaptive model of the induction motor. The error signal is processed in the proposed fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for speed adaptation. The drive employs an indirect vector control scheme for achieving a good closed loop speed control. For powering the drive system, a standalone photovoltaic (PV) energy source is used. To extract the maximum power from the PV source, a constant voltage controller (CVC) is also proposed. The complete drive system is modeled in MATLAB/Simulink and the performance is analyzed for different operating conditions.