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石油系新型炭材料的研发现状和发展趋势；高碳树脂芳基乙炔聚合物炭化过程研究；热固性树脂的高压浸渍试验；负载金属对复合炭极板电极的电化学性能研究；碳纤维复合材料补强混凝土界面温度应力分析；聚碳硅烷先驱体转化法制备SiC涂层研究；用煤灰作助滤剂测沥青的喹啉不溶分的研究；纳米碳纤维的批量制备和应用；敞开式阳极焙烧炉发展方向展望。     

水泥生产中煤灰掺入量的确定

1概述水泥生产采用煤作燃料时，熟料实际是由生料经煅烧后的产物和沉落的煤灰组成的。因此，配料中首先需确定煤灰的掺入量，其常用的计算式如下：式中：GA－煤灰掺入量，％；q－熟料热耗，kJ／kg熟料；Aad－煤灰分，％；S－煤炭沉落率，％；Qent,ad－煤的热值，kJ／kg·煤。用     

硅藻土用于钛白生产过滤的试验研究

从助滤原理和生产实验等方面阐述了硅藻土助滤剂代替木炭粉用于钛白生产的可行性。通过控制操作条件，研究对比了两种助滤剂的助滤性能。试验结果表明：硅藻土代替木炭粉作钛白生产助滤剂，不但能加快过滤速度，提高过滤质量，而且应用于生产中还可降低过滤成本，提高生产收率，降低工人的劳动强度。     

ATC—1型助滤剂的研制及生产应用

叙述了ＡＴＣ－１型助滤剂的室内试验和单机试验以及放大生产试验过程，并对该助滤剂的助滤效果作了详尽的论述，试验结果表明：该助滤剂用量少，泡沫小，降水效果好，烧成率明显提高；且在碱溶液中分离，不会因母液循环而积累，１６０℃时热分解，可保证纯碱中极少残留，可降低联碱系统的纯碱生产成本，提高经济效益。     

日本煤灰利用新动向

煤灰可用于建材、制造硅酸钾肥料和塑料填料。此外,日本煤技术研究所与电源开发、中国电力、神户炼钢所、小野田水泥、日本特殊涂料一起研究煤灰的新利用,即用煤灰作颜料制作防锈涂料,预计可以得到性能良好的涂料。     

国产助滤剂在OAT过滤机上的应用

介绍OAT过滤机的特性及其助滤剂的选用依据，通过对硅藻土和膨胀珍珠岩的比较，决定选用硅藻土助滤剂，根据工艺要求，开发出一种新型助滤剂ZX701。     

由煤灰生产玻璃纤维

日本北海道国家工业研究所成功地用煤灰生产出玻璃纤维。虽然煤灰基纤维的抗张强度较低,但它的喷丝性能好,能抗碱腐蚀,因而可用于增强混凝土。按目前正在研究的有用九州和北海道的天然火山灰作原料生产玻璃纤维的,至于用北海道电厂燃煤锅炉煤灰制造玻璃纤维在世界上还属首创。目前在实验室内已制得直径10～30μm的破璃纤维,喷丝速度为     

利用过剩的矿坑水有效地控制废旧贮灰场的灰尘

Sasol电厂利用低品级的煤发生蒸汽时，煤灰是一种不可避免的产物。生成的煤灰大部分送往用围墙围起来的灰场处置，灰场可能引起灰尘问题。利用一个废旧的灰场研究了用过剩的矿坑排水抑制灰尘问题。结果表明，不仅可将矿坑水中的盐分截留在煤灰中，而且抑制扬尘的效果也非常好。研究开发了可用作这一过程管理工具的流体动力学模型。     

巴斯夫面向中国市场推出突破性的啤酒无土过滤与稳定处理可持续方案

巴斯夫推出面向中国啤酒行业的全新助滤剂Crosspure，为全球最大的啤酒生产国带来啤酒过滤与稳定技术的新起点。助滤剂Crosspure不仅仅是硅藻土助滤剂的替代品，它更意味着啤酒制造工艺的革命性突破。     

ATC—1型助滤剂的研制

叙述了ATC— 1型助滤剂的室内试验 ,并对该助滤剂的助滤效果作了详尽的论述。试验结果表明 :该助滤剂用量少、泡沫小、降水效果好 ,烧成率明显提高 ;且在碱溶液中分解 ,不会因母液循环而积累 ,16 0℃时热分解 ,可保证纯碱中极少残留 ,可降低联碱系统的纯碱生产成本 ,提高经济效益     

改性粉煤灰的粒度对橡胶补强性能的影响

以鸡西发电厂粉煤灰为原料,选择钛酸酯为表面处理剂,对不同粒度的粉煤灰进行表面处理,对其活化指数、润湿接触角、包裹牢固度等指标进行测定。并将改性后的粉煤灰样品填充于橡胶制品中,测试填料对橡胶的补强作用。实验表明,粉煤灰的粒度对橡胶的补强性能有很大的影响,经过钛酸酯偶联剂处理后,粒度级为小于0．0432mm的粉煤灰对橡胶具有较好的补强作用,可部分替代碳黑,减少碳黑的用量,降低橡胶的成本,减少对环境的污染。     

Effects of particle size on microstructure and mechanical strength of a fly ash based ceramic membrane

Recycling fly ash for ceramic membrane fabrication not only reduces solid waste discharge, but also decreases the membrane cost. Now, fly ash is becoming a promising substitute material for ceramic membrane preparation. A significant difference between fly ashes from different plants is the particle size, which makes performances of fly ash membranes unpredictable. The novelty of this work is to clarify the effects of the particle size of fly ash on ceramic membranes, thereby giving practical suggestions on fly ash selection for ceramic membrane preparation. Ceramic membranes were fabricated with different sizes of fly ashes. Effects of particle size on porosity, pore size, microstructure, mechanical strength and gas permeability of the membrane were investigated. Results indicate that a broader particle size distribution of fly ash leads to a denser structure of membrane with a lower porosity. Pore size and gas permeability of membrane increase while bending strength decreases with the particle size increasing. Bending strength of a fly ash membrane is largely determined by large particles in the fly ash because the large particles lead to cracks in the membrane. This work provides experimental bases for developing high performance ceramic membranes from fly ash.     

Influence of fly ash fineness on strength, drying shrinkage and sulfate resistance of blended cement mortar

In this paper, the influence of fineness of fly ash on water demand and some of the properties of hardened mortar are examined. In addition to the original fly ash (OFA), five different fineness values of fly ash were obtained by sieving and by using an air separator. Two sieves, Nos. 200 and 325, were used to obtain two lots of graded fine fly ash. For the classification using air separator, the OFA was separated into fine, medium and coarse portions. The fly ash dosage of 40% by weight of binder was used throughout the experiment. From the tests, it was found that the compressive strength of mortar depended on the fineness of fly ash. The strength of mortar containing fine fly ash was better than that of OFA mortar at all ages with the very fine fly ash giving the highest strength. The use of all fly ashes resulted in significant improvement in drying shrinkage with the coarse fly ash showing the least improvement owing primarily to the high water to binder ratio (W/B) of the mix. Significant improvement of resistance to sulfate expansion was obtained for all fineness values except for the coarse fly ash where greater expansion was observed. The resistance to sulfuric acid attack was also improved with the incorporation of all fly ashes. In this case the coarse fly ash gave the best performance with the lowest rate of the weight loss owing probably to the better bonding of the coarse fly ash particles to the cement matrix and less hydration products. It is suggested that the fine fly ash is more reactive and its use resulted in a denser cement matrix and better mechanical properties of mortar.     

Hydration of fly ash cement

It is necessary to establish the material design system for the utilization of large amounts of fly ash as blended cement instead of disposing of it as a waste. Cement blended with fly ash is also required as a countermeasure to reduce the amount of CO₂ generation. In this study, the influences of the glass content and the basicity of glass phase on the hydration of fly ash cement were clarified and hydration over a long curing time was characterized. Two kinds of fly ash with different glass content, one with 38.2% and another with 76.6%, were used. The hydration ratio of fly ash was increased by increasing the glass content in fly ash in the specimens cured for 270 days. When the glass content of fly ash is low, the basicity of glass phase tends to decrease. Reactivity of fly ash is controlled by the basicity of the glass phase in fly ash during a period from 28 to 270 days. However, at an age of 360 days, the reaction ratios of fly ash show almost identical values with different glass contents. Fly ash also affected the hydration of cement clinker minerals in fly ash cement. While the hydration of alite was accelerated, that of belite was retarded at a late stage.     

PDMDAAC改性粉煤灰处理染料废水及其最终处置

实验研究了PDMDAAC(聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵)改性粉煤灰处理实际染料废水的条件,并将处理完染料废水的改性粉煤灰用于生产水泥.结果表明,改性粉煤灰对各种染料均有较好的处理效果.将处理后的粉煤灰用于生产水泥,当实验用粉煤灰的质量分数为15%时,生产的水泥的抗压强度达到了国家标准(GB/T 17671-1999).该实验为粉煤灰的综合利用开拓了新的途径.     

粉煤灰高附加值利用研究进展

粉煤灰是火电厂燃煤过程中产生的固体残渣, 其成分复杂, 具有毒性, 若处理不当会对环境造成危害。因此, 粉煤灰的高附加值利用迫在眉睫。然而, 粉煤灰的品质是制约其高附加值利用的主要因素。目前, 中国粉煤灰品质参差不齐, 缺少完善的品质评价体系, 由此造成粉煤灰利用领域的局限性。针对上述问题, 首先分析了中国粉煤灰的资源化特性, 总结了粉煤灰的品质评价方法, 并重点阐述了适用于粉煤灰高附加值利用的品质评价方法;其次, 详细介绍了粉煤灰高附加值利用技术（高附加值提取技术、高附加值材料制备技术）;最后, 对粉煤灰高附加值利用的发展趋势做出了展望。     

Biomass fly ash in concrete: Mixture proportioning and mechanical properties

ASTM C 618 prohibits use of biomass fly ashes in concrete. This document compares the properties of biomass fly ashes from cofired (herbaceous with coal), pure wood combustion and blended (pure wood fly ash blended with coal fly ash) to those of coal fly ash in concrete. The results illustrate that with 25% replacement (wt%) of cement by fly ash, the compressive strength (one day to one year) and the flexure strength (at 56th day curing) of cofired and blended biomass fly ash concrete is statistically equal to that of two coal fly ash concrete in this investigation (at 95% confidence interval). This implies that biomass fly ash with co-firing concentration within the concentration interest to commercial coal-biomass co-firing operations at power plants and blended biomass fly ash within a certain blending ratio should be considered in concrete.     

原状粉煤灰对超高性能混凝土性能的影响

为提高粉煤灰的综合利用率,降低原料成本,采用未经磨细和分选的原状粉煤灰等质量替代硅灰来制备超高性能混凝土(UHPC),并研究了不同掺量的原状粉煤灰对UHPC力学性能及微观结构的影响。结果表明:原状粉煤灰的掺入可使UHPC中胶凝材料的粒度呈梯度分布,形成良好的微级配;并且使新拌混凝土的流动度增大,影响了钢纤维在UHPC基体中的分布;当原状粉煤灰掺重不超过30%时,UHPC抗折强度随着原状粉煤灰掺量的增加呈现不同程度的增长,30%原状粉煤灰掺量的UHPC抗折强度与不掺粉煤灰的空白样相比提高了34%;由于原状粉煤灰水化缓慢,当原状粉煤灰掺量在0%~40%时,UHPC抗压强度随着原状粉煤灰掺量的增加有所下降。孔结构分析表明:UHPC的平均孔径以及总孔体积均随着原状粉煤灰的掺入而减小,基体更加密实;当原状粉煤灰掺量为30%时,SEM照片显示钢纤维与UHPC基体结合紧密,界面黏结增强。     

煤粉炉和循环流化床锅炉飞灰吸附汞动力学及其吸附机制

在固定床吸附反应器内对两台300MW等级燃煤发电机组循环流化床锅炉和煤粉锅炉飞灰样品进行气相零价汞吸附实验,通过改变实验工况研究温度、入口汞浓度和入口气体流量对飞灰汞吸附能力的影响。采用颗粒内扩散模型、准一阶和准二阶动力学模型、耶洛维奇（Elovich）模型对实验数据分别进行拟合,从动力学的角度探讨两种锅炉飞灰对气相零价汞吸附的影响机制以及两种锅炉飞灰与气相零价汞之间吸附动力学行为差异。结果表明：相同工况下循环流化床锅炉飞灰汞吸附过程的穿透时间和平衡吸附量远大于煤粉锅炉飞灰。吸附温度为150℃时,两种锅炉飞灰对气相零价汞的平衡吸附量最大。由于外扩散阻力随气体入口流量的增加而减小,入口汞浓度的增加可提高传质推动力,飞灰对汞的吸附得以增强。动力学分析表明飞灰的零价汞吸附由外扩散、内扩散和表面化学吸附共同控制,其中表面化学吸附是该吸附过程中的控制步骤;准二阶动力学模型和Elovich动力学模型更适合于描述该吸附过程。相同实验条件下,循环流化床锅炉飞灰吸附过程拟合所得的颗粒内扩散系数、准一阶动力学常数和初始吸附速率均大于煤粉锅炉飞灰。     

粉煤灰的活性激发与机理研究进展

粉煤灰是燃煤电厂中煤粉燃烧后的固体废弃物,其日益累积不但会占用大量土地资源,还会破坏原有的自然环境,造成严重污染,近年来粉煤灰的处理和资源化利用受到广泛关注。激发粉煤灰的潜在活性是提高粉煤灰综合利用率的关键。对粉煤灰的物理活性和化学活性来源进行了介绍,并对粉煤灰活性的物理激发、水热激发及化学激发技术与激发机理进行了综述,为后续粉煤灰的活化研究和大规模利用提供了参考。不同手段均能激发粉煤灰活性,但采用单一手段激发时存在活化成本高、激发程度低等问题。未来粉煤灰激发技术将朝着多种手段并用的方向发展。