工业无损检测中疵病体积的计算

本文叙述对工业检测件用X射线在有限方向进行透射后,根据得到的图象,假定经图象处理后可看清疵病,确定疵病在检测件中的位置,并给出计算疵病断层 面积、疵病体积的公式和误差的估计式。本方法可应用于工业在线无损检测中。     

枪械內膛疵病图像的边缘检测算法

首先介绍了零交叉边缘检测算子的基本概念，把高斯平滑滤波器和拉普拉斯锐化器结合起来，在进行边缘检测的同时平滑掉噪声，并提出应用零交叉算子对枪械内膛疵病图像进行边缘检测的实现方法。然后对真实枪械内膛疵病图像进行边缘检测实验，结果表明零交叉边缘检测算子检测到的边缘比较完整，检测方法直观、简便、运算速度快、边缘定位准确且易于实现。     

数字式高炮身管疵病探测仪的设计

高炮射击时身管疵病会对火炮的射击精度和使用安全造成重大影响,应用光机电控制技术和CCD成像技术,结合炮膛结构特点设计了高炮身管疵病探测仪。该装置通过多摄像头组合,实现了360°全景成像,观察内膛表面形貌,对身管内膛表面进行定性及定量检测,具有疵病自动定位、疵病类型自动比对、大小自动测量等功能。系统可在驱动装置的驱动下沿着身管轴线移动,对炮膛表面疵病进行有效地识别和综合评定。     

基于系统模型的炮膛图像分析过程研究

研究了火炮身管窥膛检测中疵病的识别和判定过程.以系统模型的形式表示了人眼视觉系统、软件计算与分析系统的图像分析过程,从输入条件和输出结论分析了它们的功能、局限及特点.根据输入条件和需要完成的任务建立了机器视觉系统的概念模型;从炮膛理想图像的近似描述和对疵病的定义两方面阐述了该系统图像分析过程实现的基础;从图像信息转换的角度构建了模型传递函数的框架.研究表明,通过讨论现有两种系统的图像分析过程,明确了引入机器视觉需要解决的问题,以系统模型为基础模型研究图像分析过程.为基于机器视觉的炮膛疵病检测奠定了理论基础.     

双目视觉内膛疵病检测系统

针对传统光电检测方法无法获得疵病深度信息的不足,以双CCD摄像机构成的立体视觉为基础,设计并实现了一种基于数字图像处理技术的火炮内膛疵病检测系统;在介绍系统总体设计原理的基础上,研究了检测系统窥膛探头的双目视觉原理、结构组成、光学系统参数,以及自走装置、控制装置等部件,讨论了检测系统的功能模块组成、图像处理方法等软件系统;实测结果表明:该内膛疵病检测系统功能完备、操作简单、精确度高,完全符合实际工作需求。     

火炮炮膛质量检测技术研究

介绍了一种利用ＣＣＤ摄像镜头来获取火炮炮膛表面疵病信息的检测装置，论述了该装置的设计思想和实施方案，该装置以ＣＣＤ摄像镜头为传感器，使用ＩＢＭ－ＰＣ／ＡＴ４８６机作主控和图像处理系统，主要用于各种火炮炮膛表面疵病（烧痕，裂纹，瑕点等）的实时自动检测，也可对石油，化学工业中各种金属管道进行自动检测。     

装药疵病自动检测射线图像噪声消除技术

X射线数字成像中存在着各种类型的噪声，它们来源于不同的成像环节，严重影响成像质量。针对炮弹装药疵病自动检测特点提出了用带空间选择性的去噪滤波算法对炮弹装药射线图像降噪。运用该方法不仅能消除噪声,而且很好地保持了图像中疵病的边缘。实验证明这种方法是可行的。     

弹药生产基地——过去,现在和将来

本文对现在和将来影响弹药生产基地的决策，疑难问题，和策略进行了探讨，内容包括了从第一次世界大战到海战争的区段分析，以及演变的基本过程，讨论了特殊的基地背景信息，详述了弹药生产的现状和影响弹药生产的原因，探讨了可能和将来可能影响弹药生产基地前景的可能性。     

库存弹药内弹道性能检测方法研究

论述了在没有标准弹和弹道炮的情况下,如何对库存弹药实施内弹道性能检测.通过对传统的检测方法的分析、研究,提出一种新的库存弹药检测方法.该方法不依赖传统的标准弹和弹道炮,通过发射前对火炮身管内径变化量的测量,可以确定在弹药检测中由火炮自身所引起的系统误差.对该主要误差进行修正,对其它次要误差通过制定规程严格控制,使其减小到最小,以取代传统当日修正量的修正方法.本文还以某加榴炮为研究对象,就实现新的库存弹药检测方法的技术途径及实施过程进行了分析和论证,最后给出具体的实施方法.     

无伞无翼子弹药气动仿真及落点散布研究

为研究布撒集束筒中无伞无翼子弹药的空气动力学特性和标定影响集束筒中4枚子弹药轴向抛撒落点散布的各个要素,应用系统动力学和计算流体力学等方法对非轴对称子弹药弹体外形在低马赫数、高粘性下进行气动仿真,分析了其外在流场,获取了气动参数;编写了弹道程序,分析并标定了抛撒过程中影响集束筒中4枚子弹药落点散布的要素,总结出了相关要素影响落点散布的规律。结果表明:抛撒高度、牵连速度、集束筒轴线与水平面夹角、抛撒速度对子弹药落点间距影响较大;抛撒高度、子弹药牵连速度对子弹药落点间距散布均匀性影响较大;集束筒轴线与水平面夹角对子弹落点区域中心位置影响较大。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Influence of Installing Error on the Surface Shape Precision of the Axial Symmetry Aspheric Workpiece in Lapping

A method to calculate the surface shape error, which is caused by the installing error between the workpiece and the lapping tool in the process of form lapping, is proposed. The mathematical model which the installing translation error influences on the workpiece surface shape error is established. The changing rule of the error is simulated through the calculating example of the paraboloid workpiece. The results indicate that the surface shape error of the workpiece is increasing with the increase of the installing translation error, it is also increasing gradually along the center point of the curve surface to the edge, and the influence is severer to the curve surface with great curvature than that of the small curvature when the translation error is the same.     

Experimental Research on Output Performances of Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator

The paper introduces the performances of magnetostrictive actuators and its applications, discusses the design methods for the structure and internal magnetic circuit of a giant magnetostrictive actuator, and makes tests on the output displacement and force characteristics for an actuator using homemade magnetostrictive material. The experimental result shows that the actuator has satisfactory output precisions and ranges in transient and stable states, and can be used in lowfrequency vibration control system of precise equipment.     

Robust Graded Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Low Speed Spinning Ballistic Missiles

The nonlinear dynamic model of spinning ballistic missiles is established during the first boosting phase of the missile. Based on the conventional backstepping sliding mode control and the assumption of a two time-scale separation of missile dynamics, a graded sliding mode controller is designed with two sub-sliding surfaces which have invariability to external disturbances and parameter perturbations, and a matrix which comprises three first order low pass filters is introduced to prevent ＂explosion of terms＂. Owing to the upper bounds of the uncertainties are difficult to obtain in advance, adaptive laws are introduced to estimate the values of the uncertainties in real-time. Eventually, the numerical simulation results given to show the proposed controller can ensure the steady flight of missiles.