气质联用快速分析液化烃中的微量水含量

采用气质联用技术和耐水毛细管色谱柱建立了液化烃中微量水含量的分析方法,对液化烃试样的进样方式进行了优化,绘制了外标校正曲线,并用于实际试样的测定。实验结果表明,C_2液化烃试样采用气态进样,C_(3~4)液化烃试样采用闪蒸同步气化进样,所绘制的外标校正曲线相关系数大于0.999,在一定的范围内,液化烃中水气体的加标回收率在100.9%~109.1%之间,相对标准偏差小于2.0%,最低检出限为0.74 mL/m~3。该方法具有简便快速、灵敏度高的特点,可满足液化烃试样中水含量的监测要求,与国家标准的最低检出限基本一致,为液化烃中微量水含量的分析提供了一种新的分析方法。     

Effect of water on conversion of methanol to hydrocarbons

Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 6, 11–13, June, 1989.     

Temperature dependence of IR absorption spectra of water in aromatic hydrocarbons

The influence of the temperature of a medium on the IR absorption spectra of water dissolved in aromatic hydrocarbons was studied. It was found that the temperature of the medium substantially influences the accuracy of the determination of the quantity of dissolved water. In addition, the energy of the molecular interaction between dissolved water and an aromatic hydrocarbon was calculated on the basis of the experimental data. The results make it possible to optimize the operation of industrial spectral analyzers with the purpose of decreasing the determination error.     

Models for the calculation and prediction of the octane and cetane numbers of individual hydrocarbons

Based on an approach to finding structure-property relationships, we constructed models for calculating the octane and cetane numbers of individual hydrocarbons (alkanes and cycloalkanes). The models obtained for octane numbers are superior to well-known analogous models described in the literature in terms of the accuracy and predictive efficiency. This is the first attempt to develop a model of this kind for the cetane number. The results of the calculations of these characteristics for a number of unsynthesized and uncharacterized compounds are given.     

气相色谱法测定液态烃中微量水及硫化氢

利用多维气相色谱的反吹（预切割）技术,采用2根色谱柱,在第一根色谱柱上水与重组分分离之后,将重组分反吹,水与其它轻组分在第二根色谱柱上继续分离,最终通过外标法计算出水含量。采用Agilent公司的单丝微池热导检测器,可精确测定液态烃中微量水及硫化氢。与传统方法相比,该方法具有测试简单、快速、数据精度高,污染少等特点,适合于石油化工生产的控制分析。     

顺丁烯二酸酐在邻苯二甲酸酯中溶解度的研究

用综合法测定了顺丁烯二酸酐分别在邻苯二甲酸二甲酯 ,邻苯二甲酸二乙酯和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯中的溶解度数据 ,采用经验方程、λh方程及Wilson方程对数据进行了关联 ,结果表明上述体系的误差依次为λh方程较大 ,Wilson方程次之 ,经验方程较小 ,采用经验方程回归能够很好地关联溶解度数据 ,所得结果可用于过程选择及设计     

气体在N-甲酰吗啉溶液中溶解度模型的研究

估算了N-甲酰吗啉(NFM)的临界参数Tc,Pc和偏心因子ω,结合计算出的临界参数,运用状态方程,对文献中CO2,H2S,C2H6和CH4在N-甲酰吗啉溶液中的溶解度进行了考核,并通过相平衡实验数据优化得到了组分间的交互作用参数Kij。考核结果表明,对于以上气体在NFM中的溶解度计算,应用PR状态方程结合vdW混合规则是较好的选择。