乳腺癌抗血管生成治疗:现状与前景

Tumor angiogenesis plays an important role in the growth, invasion and metastasis of breast cancer, therefore recently a very active area of breast cancer research involves the addition of antiangiogenic therapy. Numerous clinical studies for several antiangiogenic agents have recently been conducted in breast cancer patients and have shown clinically significant improvement in outcomes. This review gives a brief background to breast cancer angiogenesis, also focusing on current progress in the field of antiangiogenic therapy for breast cancer and issues regarding future therapeutic development.     

β—钨的生成与还原氢流速的关系

500℃时以露点一定但流速不同的氢还原光谱纯三氧化钨粉,以X射线检验中间产物相。研究表明,β-钨的生成与氢流速有较大关系;只有在适当的氢流速,能保证试样周围环境有较高的还原气氛,但又有足够的水蒸气稳定β-钨时,β-钨的形成才有较大的趁势。研究还表明,在β-钨至α-钨的转变温度以下,只要低露点的氢气流速足够大,WO_(2.90)是可以直接被还原成α-钨的。     

64层螺旋CT血管造影诊断急性肠系膜血管梗塞的临床应用价值

目的:探讨64层螺旋CT血管造影(CTA)在急性肠系膜血管梗塞(AMI)中的应用价值.方法:对27例经临床或手术、病理证实的AMI患者行全腹平扫、动脉期和门脉期扫描,采用容积重建(VR)、最大密度投影(MIP)及薄层最大密度投影(TSMIP)技术进行肠系膜动脉和静脉成像,重点观察肠系膜血管的异常表现、肠道和肠系膜异常征象.结果:导致AMI的原因为:肠系膜上动脉(SMA)栓塞3例,SMA血栓形成5例,肠系膜上静脉(SMV)血栓形成12例,肠系膜下静脉(IMV)梗塞2例.SMA夹层3例,绞窄性肠梗阻5例,MDCTA可清晰地显示AMI的血管异常,如血管堵塞、狭窄或夹层的部位、形态、程度和范围;显示血管走向的异常,如聚拢、推移、扭血或扭转等;并显示侧支血管.MDCTA可明确AMI的原因,如粥样硬化斑块、栓子、血栓形成、夹层、肿瘤血管侵犯、绞窄性肠梗阻.结论:MDCTA是诊断急性肠缺血的一种快速、敏感、可靠及无创伤的影像学方法,能很好地显示AMI的直接征象,结合间接征象可在病变早期诊断AMI并明确病因.     

李家峪矿区侵入体的生成时代及与成矿关系问题的探讨

通过野外实测、镜下观查及同位素研究,对岩体的形成时代及与成矿关系进行探讨。     

16层螺旋CT血管造影对评估糖尿病足病下肢血管病变的效果观察

糖尿病足病是糖尿病常见的严重并发症之一,致残及致死率均居高不下,对患者的生活质量及生命构成严重威胁.16层螺旋CT血管造影技术具有较高的时间分辨率、较薄的扫描厚度以及较好的各向同性,因此能够获得高质量的扫描图像,临床应用价值很高,为糖尿病足病的诊断和评估提供了一种无创、快速、准确的检查方法.     

去甲苔藓葸噻吩抑制血管生成作用的体外实验研究

Objective:The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of Demethyl bryoanthrathiophene (DBT) on pro-liferations of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549, and antian-giogenic effect of DBT on HUVECs in vitro. Methods: MTT assay was used to observe the effect of DBT on proliferations of HUVECs and A549 cells, fiat plate scarification assay and tube formation in vitro test were used to observe the impact of DBT on migration and vaso-formed ability of HUVECs. The effects of DBT on apoptosis and cell cycle of HUVECs were calculated by flow cytometry. Results: MTT assay showed that treatment with DBT resulted in strong inhibition to the growth of HUVECs and A549 cells. The inhibition effects of DBT on HUVECs and A549 cells were related to dosage and times of dependency.In different doses of DBT (0.16, 0.32 and 0.48 μmol/L) of fiat plate scarification for 24 h, inhibition rates of DBT to migration of HUVECs were 14.70%, 38.23% and 58.82%, respectively. In dose of DBT from 0.04, 0.20 to 0.40 μmol/L for 24 h in tube formation, there were significance differences (P < 0.01) in the decreasing number of angiogenesis and incomplete blood vessel compared with control groups. All results showed that DBT promoted the apoptosis rate of HUVECs, and the increase of concentration of DBT accompanied the acceleration of apoptosis rate. Conclusion: DBT could inhibit the proliferations of HUVECs and A549 cells, and effectively suppress angiogenesis in vitro.     

螺旋CT三维成像在颌面部骨折中的应用价值

目的:探讨螺旋CT三维成像在颌面部骨折诊治中的临床应用价值.方法:对21例颌面部骨折患者进行螺旋薄层扫描并且进行三维重建.结果:三维图像能立体直观精确显示骨折部位、形态、移位程度等情况.结论:螺旋CT三维成像能清晰显示颌面部空间解剖关系,并指导临床治疗.     

128层螺旋CT三维重建在外伤骨折成像的临床应用

目的研究128层螺旋CT三维重建在外伤骨折成像中的临床应用.方法对36例外伤患者进行128层螺旋CT扫描及三维重建.结果 128层螺旋CT对各个部位的骨折均能良好显示.结论 128层螺旋CT三维重建不仅精确地显示病变的立体形态,还能详细了解各解削结构的空间关系,是目前诊断外伤骨折的理想方法.     

通用报表生成与打印程序

在用FOXBASE+进行报表生成与打印时,由于表格种类繁多,导致工作人员对报表的生成与打印很头痛。本程序可实现通用报表的生成与打印。 该程序的特点是:通用性好、易修改、移植、操作、应用该程序仅需三个数据库:主数据库&MAIN_DBF(提供打印数据的库);结构数据库&STRU_DBF(是由主数据库自动生成的);存放标题、表头、表体、表尾的数据     

胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的CT征象分析

Objective: The aim of our study was to demonstrate the CT features of solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas (SPTP) so as to improve the imaging diagnostic abilities. Methods: The CT materials of 10 cases with surgery andpathology proved SPTP were retrospectively analyzed, including 8 females and 2 males, their age ranged from 12 to 54years (average being 27.2 years). All of the 10 cases underwent spiral CT scan and also with contrast enhancement before surgery. Results: All of the 10 cases were isolated mass. They were located at the head (n = 5), tail (n = 4), and body (n =1) of the pancreas. Their shapes were round (n = 3), oval (n = 4), and irregular (n = 3). The long-axis diameter ranged from 2.1-8.6 cm (mean 6.5 cm). All of neoplasms consisted of solid and cystic components. Mostly solid components in 5 cases,nearly the same proportion of solid and cystic part in 3 cases, and mostly cystic components in 2 cases. After dynamic contrast-enhanced, the solid parts of the lesion showed progressive enhancement and the cystic parts of the lesion showed no enhancement. Calcification was noted in 5 cases, such as the spot, line-like, small nodules or patchy calcification. Fluiddebris level and "floating cloud" sign were noted in one case. In one case of mostly cystic components, patchy area of high attenuation were shown on CT imaging which then was proved as old hemorrhage by pathologic evaluation. Seven cases were completely encapsulated and made more remarkable on post-contrast images. Three cases had incomplete capsules,and adhesion to the surrounding tissues could be seen during operation, including one case in which invasion to the adjacent adipose tissues near the inferior vena cava and walls of the duodenum could be seen under the microscope. Pancreatic duct broadening or hepatic duct dilatation was caused by tumor each in 1 case. All of the 10 cases had no enlargement of the intra-abdominal lymph nodes or distant organ metastasis. Conclusion: SPTP occurs mainly in young women and has comparatively characteristic CT imaging features: a large solid and cystic tumor of pancreas, sharp edges, the solid parts of the lesion showed progressive enhancement, a few with hemorrhage and calcification.     

肺硬化性血管瘤的CT影像学特点

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the CT morphology features of pulmonary sclerosing hemangiomas (PSHs) and improve the diagnosis ability of this disease. Methods: The 18 cases of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma (PSH) confirmed by operation and histopathology from August 2002 to May 2009 were collected, including 17 females and 2 males, aged from 19 to 60 years old, with an average age of 43 years. All the cases underwent plain CT scan, among them,16 cases received enhanced CT scan. Results: The 18 cases had isolated mass. Mean long-axis diameter of these lesions was (2.7 ± 1.3) cm (range, 1.9-4.2 cm). Of all cases, 5 cases (27.8%) were round in shape, 9 cases (50%) were oval, 4 cases (22.2%) were lobulated, and 14 cases (77.8%) were smooth margin. The air meniscus sign was in 2 cases (11.1%), and the halo sign in 3 cases (16.7%). Two cases (11.1%) contained small nodular calcification, the remaining 16 cases (70%) were homogeneous density, the CT density of the masses ranged from 24-47 HU, and the mean value was 35 HU. Sixteen cases received enhanced scan, the welt vessel sign was in 8 cases (44.4%),1 case showed less enhancement, 5 cases showed marked homogeneous enhancement and 10 cases showed intense and patchy heterogeneous enhanced. The CT density of the enhancing masses ranged from 60-110 HU, the mean value was 35 HU, and the net enhancement value was 14-80 HU, the mean value was 55 HU. Conclusion: PSH should be considered in middle-aged female whose CT found that single round or oval pulmonary nodules, with smooth margin, or associated with the air meniscus sign, the halo sign, or the marked enhancement.     

Reliability of CT scan cerebral hemispheric asymmetry measurements across multiple CT scans and variability in CT scanning angulation.

To date every published paper on CT scan hemispheric asymmetries has measured the asymmetries on only one scan per subject. This study examines whether CT scan hemispheric asymmetry measurements made on individual subjects change category (left, equal, or right) over multiple CT scan times. The asymmetries were measured at each of three scan times for each of 29 subjects (N = 87 scans) by two independent raters. Occipital length asymmetry categories and occipital width asymmetry categories were consistent across multiple CT scans. Frontal length asymmetry categories were not consistent across multiple CT scan times. Frontal width asymmetry categories appear to be more consistent than frontal length asymmetries but less consistent than occipital length or occipital width asymmetries across multiple CT scan times. The inter-rater reliability was most highly correlated for occipital length and occipital width. The inter-rater reliability for frontal width and frontal length asymmetries was also highly correlated. though not as highly as the occipital length or occipital width asymmetries. This study also examined whether CT scan hemispheric asymmetries changed in relation to the angle at which the CT scan was performed. The angulation of the CT scan did not appear to affect the consistency of the CT scan hemispheric asymmetry categories. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Edge detection in brain SPET perfusion imaging: a comparison of several methods

Four methods of brain edge detection on brain SPET perfusion (99Tcm-hexamethylpropylene amine oxime) images were compared: ellipse adaptation, simple thresholding (four threshold values), a low threshold (40%) followed by 1, 2 or 3 pixel erosion, and the Deriche 3D adaptive cut-off frequency method (four filter widths: alpha = 1, 2, 3 or 4). The SPET data of six patients were reconstructed to obtain 10 axial slices, each 10 mm thick, covering the whole brain. On the 60 axial slices, the methods were compared based on automaticity, computation time and accuracy of edge detection compared with morphological edges drawn manually on the patients' 3D co-registered magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. The proportion of pixels inside the contour defined by the MRI scan but outside the SPET edge (p(i)), and the proportion of pixels inside the contour defined by the SPET image but outside the MRI contour (pe), were calculated. The thresholding methods provided interesting results, particularly the application of a low threshold value (40%), followed by a 2 pixel erosion, which required a computation time of 12 s (p(i) = 5.7 +/- 2.2%; pe = 2.7 +/- 0.9%). Because of adjustments to each slice of the ellipse axis, the processing time of this method was about 3 min (p(i) = 1.5 +/- 1.4%; pe = 11.3 +/- 3.4%). The Deriche 3D filter was time-consuming (6 min for 10 slices on a NXT workstation, SMV International). With this method, the best edge fitting was found with a filter width of 3 and 4 (p(i) = 9.6 +/- 11.1%; pe = 14.1 +/- 23.2%; alpha = 3). Three-dimensional filtering methods must be refined to reduce the computation time and to improve brain edge fitting accuracy when compared with the eroded thresholding method.     

无标样XRFA法在黄金饰品检测中的应用

本文简要地叙述了无标样Ｘ射线荧光光谱分析法（无标样ＸＲＦＡ法）用于黄金饰品检测的优越性及其计算公式使用的先后顺序。计算了黄金饰品中各个待测元素的Ｆｉ、Ｔｉ和Ｒｉ的值，再一次验证了它们在一定质量分数范围内变化甚微的这一重要性质。