Comparative physico-mechanical characteristics of micron powders of synthetic and natural diamonds and polycrystalline composite materials based on them

Physico-mechanical characteristics of micron powders of synthetic (SD 40/28) and natural (ND 40/28) diamonds and of polycrystalline composite materials based on them have been studied. Both the powders have been shown to meet the requirements of DSTU 3292-95 (State Standard of Ukraine). At the same time the abrasiveness of natural diamond is higher than that of synthetic diamond, while the grain density and specific surface is lower than that of synthetic diamond grains. The elastic characteristics of sintered polycrystalline composite materials (the Young modulus, shear modulus, bulk modulus, Poisson ratio, and wear resistance in stone working by friction) of a composite sintered from the natural diamond micron powder are higher, while the life at cyclic compression is somewhat lower as compared to a composite sintered from the synthetic diamond micron powder.     

燃焰法沉积金刚石薄膜的均匀性研究

研究了燃焰法沉积金刚石薄膜的质量均匀性,指出反应气体流量比是影响金刚石薄膜质量均匀性的主要因素,基片表面沉积区径向温度梯度使金刚石膜晶粒尺寸偏离沉积中心距离的增加而减小。     

Physico-mechanical properties and structure of diamond polycrystalline composite materials produced from variously dispersed powders

A nanostructural diamond composite material having grains of average size 0.08 μm and hardness corresponding to the hardness of diamond composite materials with grains of average size 30 μm has been produced using nanotechnologies of powder materials. Temperature dependences of hardness of nanostructural diamond composites of various dispersions have been compared. The thermostability of a diamond composite has been shown to depend not only on the composition of a sintering aid but on the size of diamond powders as well. Our findings have indicated that the material obtained holds promise in finishing products of nonferrous metals and alloys instead of natural diamonds.     

Y2O3添加剂对ZrO2超微粉体性质的影响

添加0-6mol%Y2O3的ZrO2超微粉体由化学共沉淀法制备，系统地研究了添加剂对粉体粒子粒径，表面性质和团聚状态的影响，结果表明，添加Y2O3组元，使制备的ZrO2粉体粒子粒径减小，对粒子的长大趋势可起到抑制作用，但加剧了粉体粒子的团聚，团聚体颗粒变大，团聚强度升高，随着组元添加量的增多，作用加剧。     

橡胶连续混炼粉料混合均匀性仿真及实验研究

为了提高橡胶连续混炼中混炼胶质量稳定性,实现炭黑等粉体物料精确配比和均匀性混合问题,针对粉体物料在混合和输送过程存在复杂的物理性质,建立了炭黑等混合粉料的球体颗粒模型和Hertz接触力-位移模型,采用EDEM对典型粉体物料混合均匀性进行模拟仿真和粉体物料混合实验,对炭黑等粉体物料在橡胶连续混炼工艺中的混合均匀性进行分析,探求橡胶粉料连续混合和输送机理.研究发现:粉体物料混合仿真与实验测试结果具有较高的拟合性,表明在橡胶连续混炼工艺中可以在保证混合均匀性的前提下实现多粉体混合物的连续称量和输送,同时也验证了运用EDEM数据模拟仿真粉体物料混合的可行性.     

温度对铁基预合金粉腐蚀泡沫化人造金刚石微粉的影响

采用铁基预合金粉对粒径为40~50μm的人造金刚石微粉进行腐蚀泡沫化处理。研究了不同温度对金刚石微粉表面形貌、颗粒直径、比表面积和孔容积的影响,并对腐蚀图案的各向异性和泡沫化机理进行分析。结果表明:当金刚石和预合金粉质量比为1∶2时,800℃处理的金刚石表面出现明显的腐蚀坑。随着处理温度升高,金刚石泡沫化程度先增大后减小,当处理温度为1 000℃时,金刚石泡沫化效果最好;此时,金刚石的比表面积和孔容积最大,分别为7.322m2/g和0.012mL/g。在腐蚀泡沫化过程中,金刚石发生了石墨化。     

不同形态触媒材料合成金刚石产量因素比较

通过实验,实现了石墨转率在７０％、８０％、９０％等较高水平的粉末媒金刚石合成,并就此与片状触媒进行了对比分析;在此基础上,通过计算出得出粉状触媒和片状触民金刚石的理论产量; 这些结果有助于加强对粉末触媒应用潜力的认识。     

碳化钨粉末对聚晶金刚石复合片钻头胎体组织与力学性能的影响

以铸造碳化钨粉末混合镍粉作为骨架粉末,采用无压浸渍工艺制备了聚晶金刚石复合片（PDC）钻头胎体材料。研究了碳化钨的粉末粒形、粒度及质量分数对PDC钻头胎体的微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,碳化钨的粉末粒形、粒度及质量分数是影响胎体微观组织和力学性能的重要因素。与破碎碳化钨相比,粉末粒度适中的球形碳化钨作为骨架制备的胎体组织更均匀、更致密,胎体的力学性能明显提高。采用150~180 μm的球形碳化钨混合13wt%的镍粉作为骨架粉末制备的胎体力学性能优于石油天然气行业标准SY/T 5217—2000,其硬度、冲击韧性和抗弯强度分别为HRC 34、6.7 J/cm2和820 MPa。      

Comparative study on the densification process of different titanium powders

In the powder metallurgy of titanium and titanium alloys, titanium powders produced through hydrogenation/dehydrogenation (HDH) approach and titanium hydride powder are extensively used. The choice of initial powder greatly influences the properties and performance of as-sintered materials. In the present study, comparative experiments were performed on two powders of various sizes to elucidate the peculiarities of their densification process and the characteristics (as-sintered density, impurity content, and tensile properties) of the processed materials. As expected, the sintering performance of both powder-type compacts were greatly affected by the specific surface and contact areas, so finer powders and higher compaction pressures were used to achieve higher densities upon sintering. However, the systematic results clearly indicated the advantage of using titanium hydride powder as a starting material in titanium powder metallurgy. At equal size, compaction, and sintering parameters, materials processed from titanium hydride powder had higher density and lower impurity content, thereby providing better balance of tensile properties compared with materials processed from HDH titanium powder. This advantage is explained by the higher relative density of green compacts made of brittle titanium hydride powder and by the higher sintering ability of such compacts activated by powder-released hydrogen.     

Effect of uncoated and coated diamond on the compressive properties of porous aluminium composites

Porous aluminium composites are structural and functional materials that have vast potential, due to their lightweight and high energy absorption capacity, especially in automotive and aerospace applications. In this study, the effect of varying content of uncoated and titanium coated diamond particles on the compressive properties of porous aluminium composite was investigated. The composites were developed using powder metallurgy technique and porosity was attained by using polymethylmethacrylate (30 wt.%) as space holder material. The morphology of the pores was found to replicate the shape and size of polymethylmethacrylate particles, that were uniformly distributed in the composites. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed formation of aluminium carbide in uncoated diamond-based aluminium composites while negligible amount was present in titanium coated porous composites during sintering. The porosities of composites decreased with an increase in diamond content due to the incomplete decomposition of polymethylmethacrylate particles. Moreover, the maximum plateau stress and energy absorption capacity of 9.96 MPa and 1.7 Mj/m³ were obtained for the composites with 8 wt.% of titanium coated diamond particles. Thus, coating inhibits the formation of undesirable compounds and contributes to better interfacial bonding between matrix and reinforcement.     

直流热阴极PCVD法间歇生长模式间歇周期的研究

采用直流热阴极PCVD方法间歇生长模式,在CH4-H2气氛常规制备微米晶金刚石膜的参数条件下,利用人工干预二次形核工艺,研究了间歇周期变化对制备纳米晶金刚石膜的影响.人工干预二次形核是指通过生长温度的周期性改变而诱发二次形核行为,从而实现金刚石膜的纳米晶生长.金刚石膜周期性生长过程分为沉积阶段和干预阶段,沉积阶段主要完成金刚石膜的生长,干预阶段将沉积温度降低到600℃,然后恢复到生长温度,即完成一个生长周期.间歇周期研究主要是考察在不同间歇时间里人工干预诱导二次形核的效果,间歇时间设定为1 min、5 min、10 min、15min、20 min,生长时间设为20 min,总的沉积时间为6 h.采用拉曼光谱仪、SEM和XRD对样品进行了分析,结果表明直流热阴极PCVD方法间歇生长模式,间歇周期的变化,对二次形核的发生有诱导作用,适当选择间歇周期,有利于二次形核基团的生成.     

High‐temperature device performance and thermal characteristics of GaAs MESFETs on CVD diamond substrates

The temperature degradation and high‐temperature characteristics of GaAs FETs on CVD diamond heat sinks were investigated by modeling the high‐temperature electrical characteristics for GaAs MESFETs and by experimentally measuring the elevated‐temperature degradation. The bias region for the Zero‐Temperature Coefficient (ZTC) was determined. The thermal characteristics were determined by infra‐red microscopy and the results were correlated with a finite element analysis calculation of GaAs FET thermal distribution. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.