共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 74 毫秒
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以等物质的量的高锰酸钾和乙酸锰为原料,采用机械化学法制备出弱结晶型α-MnO2超级电容器电极材料.在1.2V电压内,200mA·g-1电流密度下对对称型超级电容器进行恒流充放电测试.采用XRD法、循环伏安及交流阻抗法对充放电前后电极材料的结构以及电化学性能进行表征,首次采用求斜率法对充放电曲线分析.结果表明:超级电容器表现出法拉第电容与双电层电容的双重特征;在循环过程中,电化学惰性物质Mn3O4生成,循环伏安图中氧化还原峰逐渐消失;充放电曲线的法拉第电容特征逐渐消失而接近双电层电容理想曲线;超级电容器的比容量、等效串联电阻发生了对应的变化,其最大电极比容量达到416F·g-1,经过近500次循环后,比容量为220F·g-1. 相似文献
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通过水热法在160℃条件下成功制备了手风琴状石墨烯/MnO2复合材料.通过场发射扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射、X射线能量色散谱、BET法以及拉曼光谱对材料进行表征.结果表明,手风琴状二氧化锰与层状石墨烯之间具有十分高效的贴合,这种创新性设计有效地利用了石墨烯的高电导率、大比表面积以及二氧化锰的优秀赝电容行为.电化学测试结果给出在0.2 A·g-1时,样品的比电容高达138 F·g-1,数倍增强于单独的二氧化锰或石墨烯样品. 相似文献
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超级电容器研究及其应用 总被引:24,自引:2,他引:24
超级电容器是近年来发展起来的一种新型的储能装置,具有功率密度高、寿命长、使用温度宽及充电迅速等优异特性,对其的研究及应用也日益活跃。本文介绍了超级电容器的原理和分类,以及近年来超级电容器的发展和商业化进程。同时,也介绍了超级电容器的应用情况。随着电动车研究的兴起,超级电容器重要的研究方向之一是将其与高比能量的蓄电池连用,在车辆加速、刹车或爬坡的时候提供车辆所需的高功率,达到减少蓄电池的体积和延长蓄电池寿命的目的。纳米碳材料的出现和发展为超级电容量电板材料研究提供了新的发展方向,将给超级电容器性能提高提供广阔的发展思路和空间。 相似文献
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在60℃的离子液体中对NiCo_xO_y/NF三元电极材料进行研究,通过电沉积得到NiCo_xO_y/NF纳米片阵列电极材料,材料表面的元素Ni和Co都是以金属氧化物形式存在且均匀分布。比电容值最高可以达到1 626.7mF/cm~2,且保持率在90.2%。 相似文献
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以富含多环芳香烃的廉价有机物为前驱体,采用化学活化方法制备了超级电容器用高比表面活性炭和活性炭电极.考察了活化温度对活性炭电极比电容量的影响,研究了活性炭材料的比表面积和孔结构与活性炭电极的充放电性能之间的关系,并对活性碳电极进行了电化学表征.结果表明,在500~700 ℃范围内,随着活化温度的提高,活性炭电极的比电容量显著增大,当活化温度超过700 ℃时,活性炭电极材料的比电容量变化不明显.700 ℃活化温度下所制备的活性炭材料呈现明显的多孔结构,孔容为1.038 cm3/g,比表面积为1 959 m2/g;所制成的活性炭电极比电容量为210 F/g,等效内阻为0.9 Ω/cm2,10 mA/cm2充放电500次后保持90%以上电容量,交流阻抗图谱在频率低于转化点时表现出纯粹的电容行为,循环伏安曲线显示出良好的可逆特性. 相似文献
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采用硝酸锰(Mn(NO3)2)、甘氨酸(NH2CH2COOH)为原料,利用溶液燃烧法将锰氧化物通过一步反应直接包覆在碳纸表面,获得三维且具有纳米多孔结构的四氧化三锰/碳复合电极材料。利用扫描电镜(SEM)及X射线衍射(XRD)对该材料的表面形貌、结构和物相进行分析表征。采用Princeton电化学工作站和Arbin超电容测试系统对材料的电化学性能进行测试。结果表明:通过调整反应物Mn(NO3)2与NH2CH2COOH的比例,可获得不同包覆形貌的锰/碳复合材料。Mn(NO3)2与NH2CH2COOH的物质的量比n(Mn(NO3)2)/n(NH2CH2COOH)为1时,得到锰氧化物连续包覆的三维纳米多孔复合电极材料。所制备的电极材料的电化学性能优良,在0.5 A/g的电流密度下,比容量达到201 F/g。在5 A/g的电流密度下循环1 000次后,仍保持94%的初始容量。 相似文献
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镧改性二氧化锰电极超大容量电容器的研究 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
通过KMnO4 和MnCl2 的低温固相反应 ,制备了掺杂稀土氧化镧的二氧化锰超大容量电容器复合正极材料。X射线衍射 (XRD)分析表明 ,所制备复合电极材料中的MnO2 是其α与γ相的混合晶相。透射电镜分析 (TEM )表明 ,复合材料呈棒状结构 ,其平均长度为 2 5 0~ 3 5 0nm ,平均直径为 15~ 2 0nm ,长径比大于 15。通过对新型复合电极材料进行电化学性能测试表明 ,掺入氧化镧的复合电极材料具有更好的充放电性能和电容特性 ,当MnO2 与La2 O3的质量比为 1∶0 .1时 ,复合电极在 2mol·L- 1 (NH4 ) 2 SO4 溶液中单电极最大放电比容量可达 15 6.15F·g- 1 ,比纯二氧化锰电极提高了 5 4.6% ,充放电效率提高了 19.5 %。 相似文献
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Fabrication and Characterization of Glass-Ceramics Doped with Rare Earth Oxide and Heavy Metal Oxide
Cordierite-based glass-ceramics with non-stoichiometric composition doped with rare earth oxide (REO2) and heavy metal oxide (M2O3) respectively were fabricated from glass powders. After sintering and crystallization heat treatment, various physical properties, including compact density and apparent porosity, were examined to evaluate the sintering behavior of cordierite-based glass-ceramics. Results show that the additives both heavy metal oxide and rare earth oxide promote the sintering and lower the phase temperature from μ- to α-cordierite as well as affect the dielectric properties of sintered glass-ceramics. The complete-densification temperature for samples is as low as 900 ℃. The materials have a low dielectric constant (≈5), a low thermal expansion coefficient ((2.80~3.52)×10-6 ℃-1) and a low dissipation factor (≤0.2%) and can be co-fired with high conductivity metals such as Au, Cu, Ag/Pd paste at low temperature (below 950 ℃), which makes it to be a promising material for low-temperature co-fired ceramic substrates. 相似文献
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The modifying effect of rare earth(RE)oxide on inclusions in hardfacing metals of medium-high carbon steel was investigated by means of thermodynamics,The thermodynamic analsys for inclusion formation shows that RE oxide can be reduced to RE element by carbon,then the RE element can react with oxygen and sulfur to form the RE oxide,RE sulfide and RE oxide-sulfide in hardfacing molten pool.The deoxidization and the desulphurization can be carried otu and the liquid metal can be purified.In addition,RE oxide can also react with sulfur to form RE oxide-sulfide dirdctly.Therefore,the harmful effect of sulfur can be decreased. 相似文献
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In order to investigate the influence of MnO2 modification methods on the catalytic performance of CuO/CeO2 catalyst for NO reduction by CO,two series of catalysts(xCuyMn/Ce and xCu/yMn/Ce) were prepared by co-impregnation and stepwise-impregnation methods,and characterized by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman spectra,H2-temperature programmed reduction(H2-TPR),in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectra(in situ DRIFTS) techniques.Furthermore,the catalytic performances of these catalysts were evaluated by NO+CO model reaction.The obtained results indicated that:(1) The catalysts acquired by co-impregnation method exhibited stronger interaction owing to the more sufficient contact among each component of the catalysts compared with the catalysts obtained by stepwise-impregnation method,which was beneficial to the improvement of the reduction behavior;(2) The excellent reduction behavior was conducive to the formation of low valence state copper species(Cu+/Cu0) and more oxygen vacancies(especially the surface synergetic oxygen vacancies(SSOV,Cu+-□-Mn(4–x)+)) during the reaction process,which were beneficial to the adsorption of CO species and the dissociation of NO species,respectively,and further promoted the enhancement of the catalytic performance.Finally,in order to further understand the difference between the catalytic performances of these catalysts prepared by co-impregnation and stepwise-impregnation methods,a possible reaction mechanism(schematic diagram) was tentatively proposed. 相似文献
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稀土钨电极在金卤灯的应用研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用液-固混合法制备的含稀土氧化物的钨基合金材料,经加工制成小功率金卤灯电极,并组装成70W的金卤灯整灯。对不同电极材质的金卤灯测定发光特性,并进行分析对比,钨镝和钨镝钇合金电极的金卤灯的启动、防溅性能和抗腐蚀性能可达到钨钍合金电极的水平。 相似文献
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NaokiKamegashira JianMeng TakeshiMikami HirohisaSatoh NoriyoshiKakuta KoujiFujita 《中国稀土学报(英文版)》2004,22(1):17-21
Many phases appear in BaLn2Mn2O7 family (Ln = rare earth) belonging to one of the Ruddlesden-Popper type compounds, depending upon the experimental conditions such as heating conditions when prepared and composition. Some of these phases were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction method using Rietveld analysis. These phases have only a little difference in crystal structure which has fundamentally K2NiF4 type stru,ture, although the X-ray diffraction patterns are clearly different : a little deformation or tilting of the oxygen oetahedron surrounding a central manganese ion composing the main frame of this structure induce these different diffraction patterns. Phase behavior of these compounds, mainly the detailed relation between various phases in BaTb2Mn2O7, was refined including the data of high temperature X-ray diffractometry. 相似文献