PP医用复合非织造布的亲水改性与抗菌性能

采用预处理和后整理结合的方式对PP医用复合非织造布进行抗菌功能整理。首先使用低温等离子体对PP医用复合非织造布进行亲水改性,讨论等离子体处理时间、功率和真空度对PP医用复合非织造布亲水性能的影响。当氧低温等离子体处理时间为45 s、功率为40 W、真空度为30 Pa时,PP医用复合非织造布的静态接触角从140°下降到84.7°,亲水处理使得织物表面由平整光滑变得凹凸不平,利于后续抗菌剂的附着,织物表面氧元素含量增加且润湿性能与透气性能增加。使用壳聚糖有机酸盐类抗菌剂SA-50DS对经亲水处理的非织造布进行抗菌整理并表征。当整理质量分数为2%、浸渍温度为60℃,焙烘温度为100℃时,整理后的非织造布对大肠埃希菌与金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率分别达98%与99%。PP医用复合非织造布的横向与纵向断裂强力略有下降,透气率略低于仅经等离子体亲水处理的织物,但明显优于未处理织物。     

用表面活性剂改善丙纶非织造布亲水性的工艺优化

为改善丙纶非织造布的亲水性能,采用十二烷基硫酸钠和曲拉通两种表面活性剂对其进行浸渍处理,通过单因子和复配试验探析了其最佳处理工艺。结果表明,经改性处理后丙纶非织造布的亲水性得到了极大改善,且复配处理的效果优于单因子,其最佳工艺为十二烷基硫酸钠浓度0.15%,曲拉通浓度0.05%,浸渍温度35℃,浸渍时间120s。     

PE/PP非织造布的次辉光放电接枝改性

采用常压次辉光等离子体对PE/PP非织造布进行预处理,然后与甲基丙烯酸接枝聚合改性.分析了等离子体处理时间,接枝反应时单体浓度、时间、温度、还原剂浓度等对接枝率的影响.结果表明,接枝后非织造布的润湿性能、染色性能和抗静电性能较未处理和仅用等离子体改性处理的织物有明显改善.     

低温等离子体对聚丙烯SMS复合非织造布的表面改性

采用低温等离子体对聚丙烯SMS复合非织造布进行改性处理,研究了等离子体处理时间、功率及真空度对试样亲水性的影响,并以芯吸高度为指标,优化改性工艺,比较改性前后聚丙烯SMS复合非织造布的强力、透气性及表面形态。结果表明,低温等离子体处理能够明显改善聚丙烯SMS复合非织造布的亲水性能。在真空度30 Pa、功率125 W、处理时间120 s的条件下进行处理,聚丙烯SMS复合非织造布试样的水接触角由处理前的62.3°降至0°,试样断裂强力稍有下降,透气性提高,改性纤维表面有刻蚀现象。     

等离子处理对丙纶非织造布性能的影响

为改善丙纶非织造布在使用中出现的亲水性较差、易产生静电等现象,采用等离子处理机对丙纶非织造布进行改性处理,探究处理时间和处理功率对丙纶非织造布表面形貌、力学性能及亲水性能的影响。研究结果显示：等离子处理后的丙纶非织造布亲水性能均有所改善,且处理功率较处理时间对提高丙纶非织造布的亲水性能更明显;当处理功率为75 W、处理时间为2 min时,丙纶非织造布的断裂强力较处理前的损失较小,半衰期为10.42 s,静态接触角为37°,芯吸时间为600 s时芯吸高度为46 mm,亲水性能表现良好。     

电子束辐照接枝法提高非织造布亲水性能研究

利用地那米型电子加速器在非织造布表面辐射接枝丙烯酸单体,提高非织造布的亲水性能。研讨辐射接枝率的高低对于非织造布亲水性能的影响。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察非织造布试样辐照接枝前后的表面形貌,进而对比接枝前后试样表面形貌的变化。采用接触角来表征非织造布表面亲水性能。采用保水率来表征非织造布亲水性。     

聚丙烯SMS非织造布的三抗整理研究

医用领域的非织造布产品已成为国际上非织造布深加工企业的主要发展方向。通过低温等离子预处理以及用含氟整理剂对聚丙烯SMS非织造布进行表面三抗整理改性,研究了聚丙烯SMS非织造布三抗整理前后性能的变化。结果表明,用含氟整理剂PM-3630整理的聚丙烯SMS非织造布的三抗性能有明显改善,其最佳整理工艺是:浸渍时间30 mim,浸渍液质量浓度30 g/L,浸渍液温度30℃。     

等离子体处理对聚丙烯熔喷非织造布的亲水改性

采用低温等离子体对聚丙烯熔喷非织造布进行表面改性。以水接触角为指标,研究了纤维挤出量、等离子体处理时间及真空度3个参数对试样表面亲水性的影响。在此基础上,通过正交设计试验优化了改性工艺,提高了非织造布亲水性能,并比较了改性前后聚丙烯熔喷非织造布的力学性能及表面形态。结果表明,在等离子体处理时间为120 s,真空度为0.9 Pa,挤出量为4 g/h·min的工艺条件下,聚丙烯熔喷非织造布的水接触角由原来的120.5°降至36.5°,试样力学性能稍有下降,处理后纤维表面的刻蚀现象明显。     

紫外光固化技术对聚丙烯非织造布的亲水改性

为扩大聚丙烯非织造布在水处理领域的应用,采用丙烯酸树脂为预聚物,聚乙二醇（400）二丙烯酸酯（PEG（400）DA）为亲水单体,1?羟基环己基苯甲酮（184）为光引发剂,乙酸乙酯为溶剂,通过紫外光（UV）引发自由基聚合法进行聚丙烯（PP）非织造布的亲水改性。分别研究了预聚物、亲水单体和光引发剂的质量分数对改性ＰＰ非织造布亲水性能的影响。结果表明,当丙烯酸树脂、PEG（400）DA 和184 的质量分数分别为7%、13%、1% 时,改性ＰＰ 非织造布亲水性达到最佳,且具有良好的亲水持久性。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）测试结果显示,亲水改性剂牢固地包覆在PP纤维表面。亲水改性的PP非织造布具有较好的抗污染性能和耐酸碱性能。     

PE/PP双组分纺粘法非织造布亲水性后整理研究

采用非离子表面活性剂对PE/PP纺粘非织造布进行亲水表面整理,介绍了整理工艺及亲水性能的测试方法,并用正交实验法确定了亲水整理的最佳工艺参数表面活性剂浓度0.3%;带液率约30%;烘干温度90℃;烘干时间100s。在此工艺条件下后整理的非织造布可以获得穿透时间最短的最佳整理效果。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the