聚羧酸系分散剂的合成及其性能研究

以苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丙烯酸羟丙酯、乙烯基磺酸钠为单体,合成出二元、三元和四元共聚物等共9种不同结构的羧酸盐类分散剂,并将其应用于430g/L戊唑醇水悬浮剂。通过热贮前后悬浮率的变化,筛选出4种性能优良的分散剂。分析其临界胶束浓度(CMC)、临界胶束浓度下的表面活性参数以及乳化能力,研究结果表明结构不同性能有所差异。以苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸和乙烯基磺酸钠为单体合成的分散剂,同时结合了羧酸根和磺酸根的优势,对戊唑醇水悬浮剂具有较佳应用效果,同时在空气-水界面上有最大的分子占有面积和最佳的乳化能力。     

30%烯肟菌酯·戊唑醇悬浮剂的研制

采用湿式超微粉碎加工工艺,以悬浮率(≥90%)、筛析、热贮[(54±2)℃、14 d]稳定性为标准,通过对不同润湿分散剂、增稠剂、防冻剂、消泡剂、防腐剂的筛选,得到30%烯肟菌酯·戊唑醇悬浮剂的最佳配方。最佳配方为烯肟菌酯7%、戊唑醇23%、聚羧酸盐润湿分散剂1%、润湿分散剂(SP-28F)1.5%、分散剂(LM)3%、消泡剂0.5%、黄原胶0.05%、乙二醇2%、甲醛0.15%、水补至100%。该产品悬浮率≥90%,分散性良好,冷热贮稳定性合格。     

冷、热贮条件下农药悬浮剂物理稳定性影响因子的变化规律初步研究

初步研究了农药悬浮剂冷、热贮不同时间后的粒子大小、粒度分布、黏度及悬浮率的变化规律。试验结果表明,30%甲硫.戊唑醇悬浮剂和40%戊唑.多菌灵悬浮剂热贮后中位径均变化不大,粒子的跨距、黏度均呈增大趋势,而悬浮率均呈显著降低趋势;冷贮对粒子大小、粒径分布及黏度的影响均不大,悬浮率均呈降低趋势,但并不明显。初步认为,经冷、热贮后农药悬浮剂物理稳定性影响因子有相似的变化规律。     

40%戊唑醇·多菌灵水悬浮剂的研制

介绍了农药悬浮剂发展、加工及实验理论依据,采用优化组合法对几种阴离子和非离子表面活性剂的复配体系及其它助剂进行了筛选,对40%戊唑醇·多菌灵水悬浮剂的配方进行了研究,并确定了配制方法和最佳配方组成:戊唑醇20%,多菌灵20%,宁乳34#4.8%,脱糖木质素磺酸钠1.2%,增稠剂(黄原胶∶硅酸镁铝质量比为1∶10)3.2%,乙二醇3%,正辛醇0.1%,水47.7%。实验结果表明,用乳化剂34#、分散剂脱糖木质素磺酸钠、复配增稠剂,采用湿法研磨,该产品悬浮率90%以上,热贮[(54±2)℃,14d]分解率小于5%,产品各项指标符合悬浮剂的要求。     

600g/L吡虫啉悬浮剂中分散剂的开发

针对吡虫啉原药结构,合成了一系列聚羧酸盐高分子分散剂。采用该系列分散剂对600 g/L吡虫啉悬浮剂配方进行研究,最佳配方为:48%吡虫啉、4%PC-095-20、3%乙二醇、0.1%黄原胶,0.3%消泡剂,水补足至100%。制得的悬浮剂悬浮率高,分解率低,热贮和低温稳定性合格。     

500g/L莠去津悬浮剂的研制

为了解决高含量莠去津悬浮剂容易析水的问题,利用流点法对莠去津悬浮剂的分散剂进行初步筛选,根据Zeta电势和粒径大小,进行优化组合确定了分散剂的最佳种类和用量;在此基础上,结合莠去津悬浮剂热贮后的物化性能,确定了500g/L莠去津悬浮剂的最佳配方为莠去津原药46.5%、SD-208为4%、乙二醇4.0%、黄原胶0.15%、有机硅消泡剂0.1%、苯甲酸钠0.1%、去离子水补足,结果表明,该产品热贮14d后,悬浮率95%以上,分解率5%,其他各项指标均符合悬浮剂的要求。     

高含量螺螨酯悬浮剂的配方设计

应用流点法、表面张力法、黏度曲线法等方法对润湿分散剂、增稠剂、防冻剂及其他助剂进行筛选,成功研制出了高含量螺螨酯水悬浮剂.制备到的悬浮剂热贮前后粒径变化程度较小、分散性好、悬浮率较高.高含量螺螨酯水悬浮剂配方的组分为:螺螨酯30％、Surper FD-5304.5％、12691.5％、乙二醇4％、硅酸镁铝1.0％、黄原...     

20%高效氯氰菊酯·吡虫啉悬浮剂的研制

以悬浮率(≥90%)、筛析、分散性、热贮[(54±2)℃,14 d]稳定性为标准,通过对不同润湿分散剂、增稠剂、防冻剂的配方筛选,得到20%高效氯氰菊酯.吡虫啉悬浮剂的最佳制剂配方为:高效氯氰菊酯10.0%,吡虫啉10.0%,分散剂MF 2.0%,分散剂NNO 0.5%,分散剂HY-1 1.5%,农乳500#1.0%,黄原胶0.15%,乙二醇4.0%,消泡剂0.5%,水70.35%。产品悬浮率≥90%,分散性良好,热贮稳定性合格。     

梳型聚合物分散剂制备及其应用性能研究

以苯乙烯(St)、丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)、马来酸单聚乙二醇单甲醚酯(MPEGMA)合成出新型梳型聚合物分散剂(CMD),通过改变单体组成得到性能最优的分散剂。表征了分散剂结构与性能,并用于吡蚜酮水悬浮剂的制备,测定其对悬浮剂Zeta电势、悬浮率、流变性、热贮稳定性的影响,结果表明CMD-3对25%吡蚜酮悬浮剂具有更好的分散稳定性。     

60%丙环唑·三环唑悬浮剂的研制

以悬浮率、筛析、分散性、热贮稳定性为标准,通过对不同润湿分散剂、增稠剂、防冻剂的配方筛选,得到60%丙环唑.三环唑悬浮剂。最佳制剂配方为:丙环唑15.0%,三环唑45.0%,EPE 4.5%,乳化剂2000 1.5%,黄原胶0.15%,抗冻剂乙二醇3.0%,消泡剂正辛醇0.5%,水69.35%,采用湿法研磨,该产品悬浮率≥90%,分散性良好,热贮稳定性合格。     

梳型聚羧酸盐分散剂的合成及其在吡虫啉水悬浮剂中的应用

以马来酸酐(MA)和聚乙二醇200 (PEG200)为原料,通过酯化反应制得大分子马来酸聚乙二醇酯(MAPEG),再与丙烯酸(AA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)通过自由基聚合反应制得3种梳型聚羧酸盐分散剂,研究了不同单体比例的聚合物分散剂在600 g/L吡虫啉水悬浮剂中的流点、粘度和Zeta电位. 结果表明,当单体摩尔比MAPEG:AA:MMA为1:8:2、共聚物分散剂添加量为6%(w)时,悬浮液粘度最小,为600 MPa×s,热贮前后悬浮率分别为93.7%±0.22%和92.3%±0.12%,粒径分别为3.26和3.88 mm,分散效果与市售同类产品亨斯迈2500相当.     

有机相变蓄冷材料中碳纳米管添加剂性能实验研究

针对有机相变蓄冷材料导热系数低、传热性能差的缺点,采用向其中添加碳纳米管,通过超声分散法及添加分散剂制备稳定分散液来改善其导热性能。对分散剂的种类、碳纳米管的质量浓度、超声时间和分散剂的浓度对碳纳米管分散稳定性的影响及添加碳纳米管对导热性能的影响进行了实验研究。研究结果表明,分散剂对碳纳米管悬浮液的稳定性具有关键作用,十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)是一种比较理想的分散剂,碳纳米管稳定分散悬浮液的最佳制备条件为:碳纳米管质量浓度0.4 g/L;分散剂SDBS质量浓度0.2 g/L;超声时间80 min。通过在有机相变蓄冷材料加入碳纳米管可以有效增大其导热系数。     

Synthesis and Properties of Dodecyldiethoxylamine Oxide

Dodecyldiethoxylamine oxide (DDEAO) was synthesized by the reaction of dodecyldiethoxylamine with hydrogen peroxide in water as the solvent. Surface activity, wetting ability and emulsifying capacity were investigated and compared with that of dodecyldimethylamine oxide (DDMAO). Results indicate that the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of DDEAO is lower than that of DDMAO, while its surface tension at CMC (γ_CMC) is slightly higher. The wetting ability of DDEAO is similar to that of DDMAO. For its capacity of emulsifying liquid paraffin, DDEAO is found to be better than DDMAO, but it is the opposite for emulsifying soybean oil. The foaming properties and thickening function of DDEAO in mixtures with alcohol ether sulfate and alkylbenzene sulfonate were also studied. As expected, complex surfactant systems exhibit good foaming ability and DDEAO exhibits a good thickening function.     

季铵盐有机硅双子表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

以丙酮和正己烷为溶剂,聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚和羟基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷为主要原料在四丁基溴化铵(TBAB)和氢氧化钠(Na OH)的催化下合成环氧基聚醚改性硅氧烷(EPEPS),再与N,N-二甲基长链烷基胺〔C_mH_(2m+1)NH(CH_3)_2〕在无水乙醇溶剂中、盐酸催化下进行季铵化反应,制备季铵盐有机硅双子表面活性剂(mpsi-m),通过FTIR和1HNMR对目标产物进行结构表征,研究m-psi-m中疏水链长度对其表面活性、临界胶束浓度、润湿性能以及乳化稳定性的影响。结果表明,随着疏水链长度的增加,m-psi-m的表面活性和润湿性能下降,临界胶束浓度增大,乳化稳定性增强。     

Novel comb-like anion-nonionic copolymer for improving the stability of pymetrozine suspension concentrate

Coalescence and flocculation are two challenges for the stability and efficacy of pesticide suspension concentrate (SC) during the production and storage. To improve the stability of 25% pymetrozine SC, three comb-like poly(styrene-co-acrylic acid-co-polyethylene glycol methyl ether maleate) (SA-M) with different length side chains were synthesized by free radical polymerization and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and H-nuclear magnetic resonance. Surface-active parameters, including critical aggregation concentration (critical micelle concentration), saturation surface excess concentration (Γ_max), minimum area per molecule (A_min), and standard Gibbs free energy values were obtained from surface tension measurement. It shows that the surface-active property of SA-M decreased with the side chain length. Besides, 25% pymetrozine SC prepared using SA-M as dispersant had low zeta potential and low viscosity but high dispersibility and thermal storage stability. It is speculated that the formation of hydrogen bonds between nonionic branches and pymetrozine molecule at the expense of interruption of intermolecular hydrogen bonding between pymetrozine and water molecule, plays a key role in the stability mechanism.     

阴离子聚氨酯预聚体可聚合乳化剂的合成及性质研究

采用甲苯二异氰酸酯 ( TDI) ,聚异丙二醇 ( PPG) ,甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯 ( HEMA)及二羟甲基丙烯酸( DMPA)为原料。通过分子设计合成了带有双键的阴离子聚氨酯预聚体 ( APUA )可聚合乳化剂。通过电导仪、表面张力仪测定了此物质的 CMC值 ,应用旋转粘度仪对胶束水溶液流变行为进行了探讨 ,并对不同单体进行了乳化力表征。结果显示浓度、时间及剪切力等对胶束行为的影响很特别 ,APUA乳化剂对不同单体均有良好的乳化效果 ,而且乳化效果随单体极性及乳化方法不同而有较大差异     

丙烯酸类共聚物分散剂的合成及其分散性能

以丙烯酸(AA)、苯乙烯磺酸钠(SSS)和丙烯酸羟丙酯(HPA)为单体设计正交实验,经聚合反应得到AA-SSS-HPA共聚物分散剂,测定了各种分散剂的分子量及对BaSO4的悬浮率. 选择分散效果最好的分散剂作为研究对象,考察了温度、pH值、盐浓度、分散剂用量对BaSO4分散效果的影响,测定了悬浮液的沉降速度、粘度和颗粒的表面吸附量,并对分散后的颗粒粒径分布进行了表征. 结果表明,在20℃的中性体系中,分散剂用量为0.4000 g时,BaSO4悬浮率可达99.18%, BaSO4颗粒粒径约为350 nm,悬浮液静置60 h后,上层清液体积仅占总体积的2%.     

Experimental stability analysis of different water-based nanofluids

In the recent years, great interest has been devoted to the unique properties of nanofluids. The dispersion process and the nanoparticle suspension stability have been found to be critical points in the development of these new fluids. For this reason, an experimental study on the stability of water-based dispersions containing different nanoparticles, i.e. single wall carbon nanohorns (SWCNHs), titanium dioxide (TiO2) and copper oxide (CuO), has been developed in this study. The aim of this study is to provide stable nanofluids for selecting suitable fluids with enhanced thermal characteristics. Different dispersion techniques were considered in this study, including sonication, ball milling and high-pressure homogenization. Both the dispersion process and the use of some dispersants were investigated as a function of the nanoparticle concentration. The high-pressure homogenization was found to be the best method, and the addition of n-dodecyl sulphate and polyethylene glycol as dispersants, respectively in SWCNHs-water and TiO2-water nanofluids, improved the nanofluid stability.