湖北大学材料科学与工程学院简介

<正>湖北大学材料科学与工程学院成立于2006年4月,由原化学与材料科学学院和物理学与电子技术学院的部分专业组建而成。学院现有材料科学与工程湖北省一级重点学科;材料科学与工程学科博士后流动站;材料工程领域工程硕士点;材料学博士点;材料科学与工程一级学科硕士点和高分子化学与物理二级学科硕士点;功能材料绿色制备与应用省部共建教育部重     

投稿须知

《净水技术》聚焦市政给排水与工业水处理,常设栏目:净水技术前沿与热点综述、水源与饮用水保障、污废水处理与回用、工业水处理技术、其他水系统研究与应用、城镇给排水工程设计案例专栏、供排水企业运行与管理成果专栏等。     

热力学中几对容易混淆概念的讨论

从热力学基本概念的含义出发,分析讨论了平衡状态与稳态、状态方程与过程方程、热与温度、可逆反应与可逆过程以及自发过程与不可逆过程等几对容易混淆概念的区别与联系。     

我国卫生陶瓷生产技术装备进步与展望

详细叙述了近年来卫生陶瓷生产的原料设备与工艺、成形设备与工艺、施釉设备与工艺、干燥设备与工艺及检验包装与技术及装备的发展趋势,并对其未来发展方向进行了展望。     

未来陶瓷墙地砖产品发展方向

陶瓷墙地砖产品的发展方向受多方面因素的影响与制约。资源与环保,建筑与房地产业的发展、社会经济水平与国民收入、消费观念与审美的需要、劳动力结构与知识水平、技术装备与材料工艺的科技水平等,陶瓷砖产品的研发受装备及材料工艺的影响越来越大。     

电渗析分离提取高值组分的研究进展

随着我国经济高速发展，现代化和工业化不断推进，环保与可持续发展成为资源开发以及工业生产的必要条件。资源开发与工业生产过程中会产生大量重金属废水以及有机废水，电渗析技术能耗较低，对水质敏感性低，简单易操作，且具有优秀的浓缩与分离性能，因而被广泛应用于工业废水中金属与有机物的分离和提取。文章综述了工业废水中金属与有机物回收的基本原理与研究进展，介绍了多种金属在不同体系中的回收案例与有机物回收案例，分析了pH、操作电压与电流、溶液流量和离子浓度等不同工艺参数对电渗析效果的影响和作用机制，并展望了电渗析技术分离提取金属与有机物的发展方向，为电渗析技术处理重金属废水与有机物废水，实现重金属与有机物分离和提取提供理论依据。     

国外化妆品用新原料（四）

丙二醇（与）柠檬酸（与）柠檬萃取物（与）水（与）葡萄萃取物商品名：AcifructolComplexeP67性能：含有有保证的果酸成分的柠檬与葡萄革取物。内含柠檬酸、维生素、氨基酸、类黄酮与痕量成分。用途：干性或糙性皮肤用软化与湿润制品生产厂商：Gattefosse’，Kelisema丙二醇（与）乳酸（与）水（与）番茄革取物（与）柠檬革取物（与）葡萄革取物（与）越桔苹取物（与）柠檬酸（与）苹果酸商品名：AcifructolComplexeP63性能：含有有保证果酸成分的柠檬、葡萄、番茄及越桔革取物，内含柠檬酸、乳酸与苹果酸、维生素、氨基酸、类黄酮、类…     

武器信息化条件下火炸药发展策略分析

分析了火炸药与武器信息化的关联性;论述了火炸药在武器装备发展中的综合地位与作用;提出作为武器信息化条件下火炸药发展策略和基本点的六项技术,即火炸药相关信息量的整合与准确表达、高能量与高安全性的统一、能量释放的可控制性、洁净燃烧与爆炸技术、燃烧爆炸的物理与化学作用延伸、非致命武器与化学战剂等.     

化学与湍流团聚耦合促进燃煤细颗粒物团聚与脱除

将化学团聚与湍流团聚技术耦合,实验研究了燃煤细颗粒物在化学与湍流团聚耦合作用下的团聚与脱除效果,以及颗粒物浓度、烟气温度、团聚液喷入量与烟气流速等因素对细颗粒物团聚与脱除效果的影响规律。结果表明,典型工况下化学-湍流耦合团聚能够进一步促进细颗粒物团聚长大以及静电除尘器对细颗粒物的脱除,其作用效果优于单独的化学与湍流团聚。随细颗粒物浓度的升高,团聚与脱除效率均逐渐下降,分别由49.2%与96.7%下降至35.3%与88.2%。随烟气温度与团聚液喷入量的增加,细颗粒物团聚与脱除效率均先升高后降低,并在180℃与12 L/h处达到最高值,团聚与脱除效率分别为44.7%与94.8%。随烟气流速的增加,细颗粒物团聚与脱除效率均逐渐升高,分别由30.5%与86.3%升高至50.2%与97.5%。     

湖北大学材料科学与工程学院简介

<正>湖北大学材料科学与工程学院成立于2006年4月,由原化学与材料科学学院和物理学与电子技术学院的部分专业组建而成。学院现有材料科学与工程湖北省一级重点学科;材料科学与工程学科博士后流动站;材料工程领域工程硕士点;材料学博士点;材料科学与工程一级学     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。