植酸对腌芥菜的护色保鲜研究

探讨了在不同条件下,异抗坏血酸、植酸保鲜液及其混合液的抗褐变和防霉能力。实验结果表明,异抗坏血酸在空气中几乎没有抑霉效果,真空状态下虽有较好的抑霉作用,但未能阻止腌芥菜明显褐变,而0．2％的植酸保鲜液在有氧或无氧的情况下,均表现出比较理想的抗褐变和防霉特性。     

可食性复合涂膜保鲜剂对延长鲜切苹果货架期的研究

本文主要研究了可食性涂膜剂与抗褐变剂复配后对3℃条件下贮存2周的鲜切苹果的保鲜效果。研究表明：25℃条件下，苹果切块经卡拉胶（0．5％）涂膜剂和乳清浓缩蛋白WPC（5％）涂膜剂处理后，其呼吸强度可分别降低5％和20％，可食性涂膜剂与抗褐变剂复配后，对3℃贮藏2周的苹果切块可明显延长其货架期，在涂膜剂中添加不同的抗褐变剂对苹果切块有良好的护色效果，添加1％CaCl，可增加产品的硬度，同时这些复合保鲜剂可提高苹果切块的感官指标和抑制微生物繁殖，而5％乳清浓缩蛋白＋1％CaCl2＋1％抗坏血酸复合液浸泡苹果切块，3℃条件贮藏2周后保鲜效果最佳。     

葡萄糖氧化酶用于对虾保鲜的实验研究

采用葡萄糖氧化酶为主要成分与常用抗氧剂和防腐剂进行保鲜性能对比实验,以及在冷藏和冷冻条件下实验对虾类的防褐变保鲜效果。结果表明,葡萄糖氧化酶具有良好的保鲜性能,保鲜剂浸渍处理后冷藏（4℃）120h能保持二级鲜度,冷冻储存（-18℃）12个月仍能保持二级鲜度。      

壳聚糖/竹叶抗氧化物复合处理对鲜切生姜保鲜效果的影响

目的：为研究壳聚糖（chitosan,CTS）/竹叶抗氧化物（antioxidant of bamboo leaves,AOB）复合处理对鲜切生姜保鲜效果的影响。方法：将鲜切生姜分别采用蒸馏水、0.3% AOB、1.5% CTS以及0.3% AOB＋1.5% CTS浸泡处理 5 min,取出沥干分装于市购的聚乙烯保鲜袋中,置于（14±1.0）℃恒温库中贮藏,每5 d测定各项生理生化指标。结果：与对照组相比较,3 种不同处理均能对鲜切生姜起到不同程度的保鲜效果;均能抑制鲜切生姜的褐变;减缓VC含量的下降,抑制营养物质的损失;减少丙二醛的积累;抑制微生物生长;维持良好的硬度、弹性、咀嚼性,抑制生姜质构品质的下降。同时,CTS与AOB复合处理能够有效抑制鲜切生姜细胞内含物的破坏及质壁分离现象的发生。结论：在研究的3 种不同处理方式中0.3% AOB＋1.5% CTS处理效果最为明显,其次是1.5% CTS处理组,0.3% AOB处理组的保鲜效果不显著。     

采用中草药物复合纸的保鲜效果研究

以具有优良防霉抑菌作用的几种天然中草药为保鲜材料，分别选用中草药熬取液浸果和以中草药粉末复合纸保鲜包装两种形式保鲜。通过与不经任何处理仅以纸包装的对照组对比，试验结果表明，这些中草药具有良好的保鲜效果，尤其是以中草药复合的功能保鲜包装纸，保鲜效果明显，以鸭梨为试验样品，在室温３０℃左右放置３５天以上，样品仍能保持较好的鲜度，营养成份损失不大。     

食品封存除氧剂在食品贮藏保鲜中的应用研究

应用研究表明，除氧封存剂运用于多种食品的贮藏保鲜效果显著。它主要用于防霉、防氧化、防色素变色、抑制褐变、防止虫害等方面     

有机红提葡萄高二氧化碳防霉保鲜研究

100多年来,国内外葡萄商业化防霉保鲜均为SO2及其制剂,但是,不适用于有机食品保鲜。试验以新疆有机红提葡萄为试材,研究0℃和2%O2+1%、5%、20%、50%CO2处理的防霉保鲜效果,0℃空气处理为对照,定期检测呼吸强度、多酚氧化酶、丙二醛、相对电导率和褐变指数等指标。研究结果表明:贮藏70d,1%、5%、20%、50%CO2处理的保鲜效果均优于对照,但是,50%CO2处理伤害严重,其中,0℃、2%O2+20%CO2处理最佳,呼吸强度为638.24mgCO2/(kg·h)、多酚氧化酶活力为3.81U,褐变指数为0.24。其好果率为97.2%,对照仅52.1%,可以用于有机葡萄的防霉保鲜。     

添加剂对壳聚糖膜保鲜鲜切蒲菜的影响

研究了室温下(20～25℃)添加氯化钙和VC等助剂的壳聚糖对鲜切蒲菜涂膜保鲜效果。结果表明,2%壳聚糖被膜对鲜切蒲菜有较好的保鲜效果,能显著降低鲜切蒲菜的失重率,抑制其褐变,而且壳聚糖被膜中氯化钙和VC等助剂的添加增强了其对褐变的抑制。     

板栗酒加工中防止褐变的研究

板栗酒加工中四个环节易发生褐变,及时将栗仁浸入0.2%偏重亚硫酸钾+0.1%柠檬酸,或0.1%偏重亚硫酸钾+0.1%异抗坏血酸+0.1%柠檬酸的水溶液中,可防止板栗去皮后栗仁的褐变;加入栗仁和水总重（即浆液重）0.02%的偏重亚硫酸钾,可防止栗仁打浆和浆液糖化时的褐变;酒液保持20～30mg/L的游离SO2,或20～30mg/L的游离SO2配合50mg/L的异抗坏血酸,可防止酒液陈酿、贮存期间的褐变。栗仁打浆后,浆液90℃保温10min可钝化其过氧化物酶的活性。      

D-异抗坏血酸抑制鲜切马铃薯褐变的研究

研究了不同褐变抑制剂对鲜切马铃薯褐变和品质的影响.结果表明：4种褐变抑制剂处理均可不同程度地对PPO和POD酶产生抑制作用.硫化物依然是效果最好的护色剂,D-异抗坏血酸的防褐保鲜效果表现较好.马铃薯的PPO、POD活性很高且两者之间具有相关性,与褐变度数值相吻合.经过褐变抑制剂处理的样品之间品质有差异,但不太明显.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Detection of adulteration of locust bean gum with guar gum by capillary electrophoresis and polarized light microscopy

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and polarized light microscopy (PLM) were utilized in the detection of the adulteration of locust bean gum with guar gum. For CE analyses, standards of locust bean and guar gums were extracted with 30% CH₃CN, removing the residual proteins from the gum matrix. A 8.75 mM NaH₂PO₄-20.6 mM Na₂B₄O₇ buffer, pH 9, was used to separate these proteins and to identify marker proteins that were present in the guar gum. These markers did not co-migrate with components in the extracts of mechanically processed locust bean gum, and are used as indicators of adulteration. Using PLM with toluidine blue and iodine staining techniques, unadulterated locust bean gum samples were distinguished from mixed samples through the differential staining of components in locust bean versus guar and tara gums. These experiments in the use of CE and PLM provide orthogonal and complementary methods for the verification of 'true' positives and the elimination of 'false' positives.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.