油浸变压器水喷雾灭火系统的设计探讨

通过分析室外大型油浸变压器的火灾危险性和相关防火规范的要求,介绍日前常用的保护各类油浸变压器的灭火系统,描述了水喷雾灭火系统的灭火原理及其系统组成,并以某化工项目变电所室外油浸变压器的水喷雾灭火系统设计为例,介绍该系统的设计流程及应注意的问题。     

油浸式变压器灭火系统设计、预制一体化研究

水喷雾灭火系统是室外大型变压器通常采用的一种消防设施.从设计角度简述了国内外相关标准的主要差异,以某项目5台50 MV·A油浸式变压器水喷雾灭火系统为例,就水喷雾灭火系统在美国标准NFPA下的设计及在ASME标准下进行支架、 管道预制包装发运的一体化过程进行了论述.该设计、 预制一体化项目的实施,有效缩短了工期,给国外...     

大型油浸变压器的水喷雾灭火系统设计

结合大型油浸变压器消防设计实践,介绍了大型油浸变压器水喷雾灭火系统的组成和控制方式,探讨了设计中应该注意的问题,以使该系统设计不断改进。     

火力发电厂大型油浸式变压器灭火设备选型分析

介绍了火力发电厂大型油浸式变压器的结构特点,发生火灾和爆炸的原因,以及各种灭火设备的特点,并进行了比较分析,对合理选择火力发电厂油浸式变压器灭火设备进行了阐述。     

泡沫喷雾灭火系统在电力变压器灭火中的应用

提出了泡沫喷雾灭火系统在电力变压器灭火中应用的优点,介绍了泡沫喷雾灭火系统的组成和工作原理,并且给出了泡沫喷雾灭火系统的设计计算方法。     

浅谈液化烃球罐水喷雾灭火系统设计

根据《石油化工企业设计防火规范》、《水喷雾灭火系统设计规范》相关要求,对球罐水喷雾灭火系统工程实例进行介绍,为水喷雾灭火系统设计提供借鉴和参考。     

水喷雾灭火系统管网布置优化

通过分析水喷雾灭火系统干管的布置方式对系统的压力和流量的影响,优化了水喷雾灭火系统管网的布置,从而降低了水喷雾灭火系统的流量和压力,避免了对已有消防泵房的改造,达到了减少投资、缩短工期的目的。     

石油化工企业封闭式输煤钢结构栈桥水消防系统选型

以1 400 mm单皮带栈桥为例,对比分析了石油化工企业封闭式输煤钢结构栈桥采用自动喷水灭火系统及水喷雾灭火系统的相关技术参数及用水量情况,常规状态下,结合皮带运动及水喷雾灭火系统动作快的特点,建议石油化工企业输煤栈桥水消防灭火系统采用水喷雾灭火系统。     

浅析石油化工装置储罐区水喷雾灭火系统的优化设计

石油化工装置储罐区是火灾多发区,同时该地区一旦失火,火势一般难以控制的,所以对于此类特殊情况宜采取较为先进且自动化的灭火报警控制系统。目前应用较为广泛的就是水喷雾灭火系统。本文通过对目前的水喷雾灭火系统灭火机理进行简要介绍,随后对石油化工装置储罐区水喷雾灭火系统进行优化设计,期望对解决石油化工装置储罐区的消防安全问题起到一定的帮助作用。     

水喷雾灭火系统在液化烃储罐消防的应用

就扬子石化公司炼油厂催化裂化装置的液化烃储罐的水喷雾灭火系统设计,介绍液化烃储罐水喷雾灭火系统国产化的应用实例,并对水消防系统选择、水雾喷头选型和布置方式、系统的环形供水管布置、液化烃罐区消防供水等问题进行简述。     

某大型原油库消防工程设计

以某大型原油库消防工程为例,介绍了其固定式稳压消防冷却水系统和固定式低倍数泡沫灭火系统的设计,对设计参数的选取与计算、灭火剂储备、消防动力及消防水泵、消防管道和系统控制等进行了说明。对设计中注意事项进行了总结。     

Performance evaluation of bromofluoropropene in extinguishing liquid fuel spray fires

Liquid fuel spray fires emit high radiation heat fluxes, posing great threat to humans. The study of suitable agents and techniques for extinguishing this particular type of fire is of great importance. In this study, degradable 2‐bromo‐3,3,3‐trifluoropropene (BTP), a new clean fire extinguishing agent, was tested for its effectiveness in extinguishing three types of liquid fuel spray fires, namely diesel, gasoline, and ethanol. Bench‐scale experiments were conducted in a 6 × 5 × 3 m compartment with natural ventilation. The liquid fuels sprayed at varying pressures were ignited by a small open flame and then extinguished by a portable BTP extinguisher. Results showed that BTP of less than 60.0 g could extinguish all liquid fuel spray fires of 0.20 to 1.0 MPa in less than 2.0 s. The results also showed that when compared with fire sparked by gasoline and diesel, it is significantly easier to put out ethanol spray fires because of its high flame temperature and low flame power. Based on well‐established fire suppression theories and experimental results, the detailed mechanism of how BTP functions as an extinguishing agent in the suppression of liquid fuel spray fires will be discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

THE EFFECTS OF WATER SPRAY COOLING ON COOLER PERFORMANCE

In recent years, summers in the Northeast, as well as in many other regions of the United States, have reached record high temperatures. These unusually high ambient temperatures have led to the overloading of power transformer coolers, resulting in the inability of the coolers to maintain the top oil temperature of the transformer at an acceptable level. A field-tested solution to this problem is the application of water spray onto the tube bundles of the cooler to enhance the heat transfer. Currently, the standard way of applying water to an overheated transformer cooler is to hose it down. This method has always been implemented without consideration of the spray pattern or quantity or water used, usually resulting in a wastefully high rate of water consumption. An experiment has been setup to determine the performance of a transformer cooler subjected to water spray. This work consisted of the design and implementation of a water spray system to an existing fullscale cooling loop representative of those found on actual transformers. Predictions were also made for the top oil temperature subjected to dry-air cooling and compared with experimental data. The reliability of this model shows that it can be extended for water spray applications. Heat transfer data were obtained for a range of air velocities and water flow rates on this loop. The experimental results show a significant decrease in the top oil temperature of the cooler when water spray is applied to the cooler tubes. However, the enhancement was not as significant for water flow rates above 4 GPM. Distribution of the water spray through the tube bundle were qualitatively made by visual observation.     

涉外石油工程项目消防水喷淋设计安装要点

结合工程实例,介绍了涉外石油工程项目在消防水喷淋系统选择、设计参数确定等方面与国内项目的区别;对石油工程生产中的压力储罐、常压储罐、输油泵、变压器、空冷器、压缩机等常规设备消防水喷淋系统的设计及安装要点进行阐述,并提出了设计过程中的注意事项和建议。     

蛭石粉末及离子溶液改性后膨胀率和灭火有效性分析

为了研发高效干粉灭火剂粉体,提升干粉灭火剂的灭火效果,本文以蛭石粉为研究对象,采用NaCl、NaHCO₃、MgCl₂和KCl四类离子溶液对不同粒径的蛭石粉进行改性处理,并分析了原始蛭石粉末以及改性后的蛭石粉的膨胀率和表面微观结构。随后开展了ABC干粉灭火剂、未改性蛭石粉、MgCl₂改性蛭石粉、NaCl改性蛭石粉、KCl改性蛭石粉、NaHCO₃改性蛭石粉扑灭油池火实验,分析了灭火时间、灭火剂用量以及复燃情况。研究结果表明：粒径150 μm的蛭石粉末膨胀率最大,且经过改性的蛭石粉末的膨胀率要明显大于原始蛭石粉末,其中MgCl₂改性后的蛭石粉膨胀率最大,接近2.4左右;从灭火时间来看,灭火效果从低到高依次为ABC干粉灭火剂、未改性蛭石粉、MgCl₂改性蛭石粉、NaCl改性蛭石粉、KCl改性蛭石粉、NaHCO₃改性蛭石粉;从灭火剂用量角度可得出：改性蛭石粉灭火用量要明显小于未改性蛭石粉。其中,NaHCO₃改性蛭石粉用量与ABC干粉灭火剂用量相对接近。从复燃角度来看,膨胀蛭石粉末的密度较小,可长时间悬浮在油品表面,有效阻止复燃,效果明显优于传统的ABC类干粉灭火剂。     

荔湾3-1中心平台消防系统设计

南海深水天然气开发项目荔湾3-1中心平台(LW3-1中心平台)具有规模大、设备布置集中、天然气设计压力高、火灾传播速度快等特点,对平台的消防系统设计提出了更高的要求。介绍了LW3-1中心平台的总体布置及生产工艺,在此基础上重点介绍了平台上自动喷水灭火系统、手动消防水灭火系统、固定气体灭火系统、灭火器以及固定泡沫灭火系统的设计。     

涂装线喷漆室排风管路的自动消防装置

设计了一种用于涂装线喷漆室排风管路的自动消防装置,主要包括排风组件和自动喷淋系统.详细介绍了它的结构.该装置在监测到排风管道内的火势时,能通过阀门自动将排风管道与外界空气隔绝,同时启动喷淋系统.该装置结构简单,设计合理,使用方便.     

Evaluating the performance of a portable water–mist fire extinguishing system with additives

This study investigates how high‐pressure water–mist system discharge methodologies influence the fire extinction performance for pan pool fires and the corresponding mechanisms of restraining fire. The fire source is a pool‐fire burner. Fine water spray is injected using a portable device. The additive in the water–mist is neither toxic nor corrosive. All the tests are regarded as fuel controlled. The fire test parameters are fuel type, nozzle discharge angle, and additive solution volume. The fuels used are heptane, gasoline, and diesel. Nozzle discharge angles are 30, 45, and 60° with respect to the ground. Additive solution volumes are 0% (pure water), 3, 6, and 10%. Test results indicate that the nozzle discharge angle and additive solution volume in a water–mist fire extinction system play a significant role. Fire extinguishing efficiency is influenced by mist effects and the additive. Furthermore, the water–mist system can reduce radiation and can provide good protection for operators using portable fire extinguishing equipment. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

大型化工装置水喷雾灭火系统设计

介绍了某大型双氧水装置水喷雾灭火系统的设计，就水喷雾灭火系统设置的必要性、系统设计水量的确定、雨淋阀站的合理布置、系统的控制方式、水雾喷头的选型和布置、系统放空等几个方面进行了介绍和探讨。