电Fenton法处理染料废水的研究

采用电Fenton法预处理染料废水,对影响COD及色度去除率的各种因素,包括内电解反应的初始pH值、铁的投加量、铁炭投加比,Fenton试剂氧化处理过程中初始pH值、H2O2的投加量及投加方式、反应时间等进行了研究。结果表明,内电解反应的最佳条件为：pH值为3．0,铁的投加量为25g/L,Fe／C为1：1．3;Fenton试剂氧化处理染料废水的最佳条件为：H2O2投加量为30mmol／L,pH值为内电解出水pH值（4．0左右）,反应时间为50min。COD去除率可达58％,色度去除率可达95％以上,B／C的值也由原来的0．08提高到0．36左右。     

深度氧化技术处理焦化废水的研究

首先用改性焦炭、硫酸铝、PAM对焦化废水进行预处理,结果表明改性焦炭预处理焦化废水效果最佳,COD去除率为29.7%。然后利用Fenton试剂对焦化废水深度处理,单因素实验和正交试验结果表明,当pH=4,H2O2投加量为15mmol.L-1,[Fe2＋]/[H2O2]=1∶10,反应时间30min时,处理效果最佳,COD去除率可达92%。各因素对COD去除率影响的强弱顺序为：pH〉H2O2投加量〉Fe2＋/H2O2的摩尔比。     

江汉油田钻井废水处理实验研究

以油田钻井废水为处理对象研究了预处理和类Fenton试剂催化氧化法深度处理工艺,考察了Fenton试剂投加量、反应条件、反应时间等单因数对处理效果的影响。确定了该处理工艺的最佳操作条件为：H202（30％）投加量为3mL／L,Fe2SO4·7H2O为900mg／L,H2O2／Fe^2＋（摩尔比）=9,pH值为3,反应时间为90min。废水中的主要污染物指标CODcr的去除率大于97％。     

Fenton氧化法预处理高浓度制药废水的实验研究

采用Fenton法对高浓度制药废水进行预处理实验。主要考察了Fenton试剂氧化法预处理高浓度制药废水的影响因素,主要讨论pH值、FeSO4·7H2O投加量、反应时间对Fenton氧化工艺对制药废水中CODCr处理效果的影响。实验结果显示,pH值为4、反应时间100 min、FeSO4·7H2O投加量为0.024 mol/L、H2O2/Fe2＋投加比为11∶1,CODCr处理去除率为52.1%,可生化性BOD/COD为0.57,效果最为理想。     

Fenton法预处理叔丁醇模拟废水的影响因素研究

采用Fenton试剂对实验室模拟高浓度叔丁醇废水进行预处理,探讨了H2O2投加量、Fe2+投加量、pH及反应时间等因素对废水COD去除率的影响.结果表明,在H2O2投加量为25 mL,Fe2+投加量为0.75 g,pH为3～5,反应时间为30 min,反应温度为30～35℃的条件下处理200 mL模拟废水,COD去除率可达90％以上.     

Fenton试剂处理邻氯苯胺废水的研究

采用Fenton试剂氧化处理含邻氯苯胺的生产废水,研究了H2O2,Fe2+投加量以及反应体系pH值对废水COD去除率的影响。通过实验,确定了Fenton试剂处理该废水的最佳操作条件:在pH值为3,FeSO4.7H2O的投加量为Fe2+在废水中的质量浓度达到0.56 g/L,每升废水中H2O2(质量分数30%)投加量18 mL时,废水的COD去除率达到72.9%。     

Fenton氧化法处理噁草酮生产废水

以噁草酮生产废水为研究对象,研究了Fenton氧化法对高盐有毒农药废水的降解效果。通过正交和单因素试验,考查了反应时间、初始p H值、Fe SO4·7H2O投加量和H2O2投加量对废水COD去除率的影响。结果表明,在100m L废水样品中,最优处理条件为反应时间3h,初始p H值为5,Fe SO4·7H2O投加4g和30%H2O2投加5m L,COD去除率可达76.8%。     

Fenton氧化-活性炭吸附协同深度处理抗生素制药废水研究

采用Fenton氧化-活性炭吸附协同处理工艺对抗生素制药废水二级生化出水进行了研究。探讨了温度、pH值、H2O2投加量、Fe2 投加量、反应时间,活性炭投加量及投加方式对COD去除率的影响。结果表明:在温度为30℃,pH值为5,H2O2(30%)投加量为300mg/L,FeSO4·7H2O投加量为80mg/L,反应时间为120min,活性炭投加量为50mg/L且与Fenton试剂同时加入时,COD去除率可达68.5%,处理出水达到了国家一级排放标准。     

Fenton+水解酸化-好氧生化组合工艺处理液晶显示屏清洗废水

采用Fenton试剂氧化法作为液晶显示屏清洗废水的物化预处理工艺,探讨了H2O2投加量、反应初始p H、反应时间以及H2O2与Fe SO4的投加量比对Fenton试剂氧化效果的影响。结果表明,Fenton试剂对该废水预处理的优化反应条件为:质量分数30%的双氧水投加量1.0 m L/L,反应初始p H为3,反应时间180 min,n(H2O2):n(Fe SO4)为5:1。经过Fenton试剂氧化预处理后的废水通过水解酸化-好氧生化处理后,COD和TOC的生化去除率分别达到94%和93%以上;且经过Fenton试剂氧化预处理后,水解酸化-好氧生化系统的COD容积负荷NV由原来直接生化的0.3~0.35 kg/(m3·d)提高至0.45~0.55 kg/(m3·d)。     

超声波-Fenton法协同降解含表面活性剂SDS弱酸艳红染料废水的研究

采用Fenton氧化、超声辐射和超声-Fenton氧化三种方法处理含阴离子表面活性剂SDS的弱酸艳红B染料废水,考察溶液初始pH、H2O2投加量、FeSO4投加量、反应时间和超声功率对废水色度和COD的影响。结果表明:单独超声对废水色度和COD的去除没有效果,超声-Fenton氧化法对废水COD的去除效果明显优于Fenton氧化法。在pH 2.5,温度50℃,H2O2投加量4 mL/L,FeSO4投加量300 mg/L,反应时间90 min及超声功率400 W的条件下,废水色度去除率为98%,COD去除率为72%,比单独Fenton氧化法COD去除率提高25%。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。