Effective inhibition of mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid using EBIMOT,a 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole derivative bearing a 2-ethylbenzimidazole moiety: Electro analytical,computational and kinetic studies

A new organic compound, 5-((2-ethyl-1Hbenzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)methyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol (EBIMOT) has been investigated for its efficacy in the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 0.5?M HCl at three different temperatures by classical weight loss technique, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) methods. EBIMOT shows high inhibition activity through adsorption and this phenomenon was found to obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The kinetic parameters were also derived using the experimental data. The quantum chemical DFT studies were used to correlate the interrelation of inhibition efficiency and molecular structure.     

Inhibition study of Erioglaucine disodium salt on carbon steel in hydrochloric acid medium using weight loss,electrochemical and thermodynamic properties

The corrosion inhibitory action of Erioglaucine disodium salt (EDS) on carbon steel in acid medium was evaluated by weight loss measurement, impedance and polarization studies. The increased inhibitory action against corrosion in the presence of inhibitor with increased of Erioglaucine disodium salt concentration. The effect of concentration and temperature studies were performed on the inhibition effect. The adsorption efficiency of Erioglaucine disodium salt was corroborated with high capacitive loop of Nyquist plot. The polarization behavior of Erioglaucine disodium salt concentration has been recorded showed it behaved as mixed type nature in acid medium. The enhancement in the inhibition action on the carbon steel has increased with increasing inhibitor concentration. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm gave information about the adsorption mode with carbon steel. Thermodynamic properties (ΔS¹, ΔH¹, ΔG° and E_a) of the Erioglaucine of the adsorption reaction were measured from the temperature effect. The hydrogen gas evolution measurement showed the strong adsorption nature of the inhibitor with the metal surface. The surface protection effect of Erioglaucine disodium salt on the carbon steel has studied with SEM and FTIR analysis.     

Synergistic interaction of 2-amino 4-methyl benzothiazole (AMBT) and benzotriazole (BTZ) offers excellent protection to mild steel exposed in acid atmosphere at elevated temperatures: Electrochemical,computational and surface studies

The synergistic interactions and corrosion protection properties of 2-amino 4-methyl benzothiazole, (AMBT) and 1, 2, 3-benzotriazole (BTZ) have been studied for mild steel in HCl at elevated temperatures. The extent of synergistic interaction increases with temperature. The methods of study include the conventional weight loss studies, computational screening, surface characterization and electrochemical studies. Quantum chemical approach was used to calculate some electronic properties of the molecules and to ascertain the synergistic interaction, inhibitive effect and molecular structures. The corrosion inhibition efficiencies and the global chemical reactivity relate to parameters like total energy, E_HOMO, E_LUMO and gap energy (ΔE). Condensed atom Fukui functions also calculated using DFT at B3LYP/6-31G* level, and were found to be correlating with the experimental results.     

X80钢在土壤模拟液中的腐蚀行为研究

在鹰潭和库尔勒土壤模拟液中,利用失重法研究了原始态、正火态和调质状态下的x80管线钢的腐蚀行为,并对原始态试样进行了极化曲线测量。失重试验表明：不同组织的X80钢在鹰潭和库尔勒两种土壤模拟溶液的腐蚀速率随着时间先降低再趋于平稳,都在腐蚀初期出现最大腐蚀速率;X80钢在库尔勒土壤模拟液中的腐蚀速率要高于在鹰潭土壤模拟液中的腐蚀速率。极化曲线表明：原始态X80钢在两种土壤模拟溶液中都属于典型的活性溶解。在库尔勒土壤模拟溶液中,X80钢的自腐蚀电位更负,电流密度大,腐蚀速率高。     

Phytochemical screening and corrosion inhibitive behavior of Pterolobium hexapetalum and Celosia argentea plant extracts on mild steel in industrial water medium

Preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out for methanolic extracts of Pterolobium hexapetalum (PH) and Celosia argentea (CA). Methanolic extracts of PH and CA were studied as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in industrial water medium using mass loss and electrochemical techniques. The adsorption of both PH and CA extracts on mild steel surface followed Langmuir isotherm. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements showed that the charge transfer resistance increases with increasing concentration of extracts. Various thermodynamic parameters were evaluated and discussed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the surface adsorbed film. Further, antioxidant activity of the plant extracts was determined and correlated with the results obtained with inhibition efficiency.     

Novel naphthenate surfactants based on petroleum acids and nitrogenous bases as corrosion inhibitors for C1018-type mild steel in CO2-saturated brine

The efficiency of two natural naphthenate surfactants (Naphthenic-dimethylamine and Naphthenic-diethylamine complexes), as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in CO₂-saturated 1% NaCl solution, has been determined by linear polarization resistance corrosion rate and potentiodynamic polarization measurements. These compounds inhibit corrosion even at very low concentrations (25 ppm), and Naphthenic-diethylamine complex is the best inhibitor giving maximum inhibition efficiency (99.76) at 100 ppm. Polarization curves indicate that, the two investigated compounds are mixed inhibitors, affecting both cathodic and anodic corrosion currents. Adsorption of naphthenate surfactants on the mild steel surface is in good agreement with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, and the calculated Gibbs free energy values confirm the chemical nature of the adsorption. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence microscopy (EDRF) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations confirmed the existence of such an adsorbed film on the mild steel surface.     

Thermodynamic,adsorption and electrochemical studies for corrosion inhibition of carbon steel by henna extract in acid medium

Corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in the presence of different concentrations of aqueous extract from henna leaves in 1 M HCl solution has been studied using the weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. The effect of temperature on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel was studied in the temperature range 293–333 K. The inhibition efficiency increases with increasing inhibitor concentration but decreases with increasing temperature. The activation and free energies for the inhibition reactions support the mechanism of physical adsorption. The adsorption of henna extract on C-steel surface is endothermic, spontaneous and consistent with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The potentiodynamic polarization measurements indicate that henna extract acts as a mixed inhibitor. Surface and protective film analysis have been carried out using; energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.     

Chemical and electrochemical studies of the inhibition performance of hydro-alcoholic extract of used coffee grounds (HECG) for the corrosion of C38 steel in 1M hydrochloric acid

The corrosion protection of C38 steel in 1M HCl solution with hydro-alcoholic used coffee grounds extract (HECG) was studied using measurements of hydrogen gas evolution, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. This work revealed that the HECG studied acts as a mixed type inhibitor. It has also been shown that the corrosion inhibition efficiency (IE) increases with increasing extract concentration, an IE value of 97.4% was reached with 2 g/L HECG. The inhibitory action of the inhibitor was mainly due to the adsorption of HECG molecules on the C38 steel surface. The studies have shown that HECG adsorbs on the C38 steel surface according to Langmuir's isotherm, with a standard free energy (ΔG⁰_ads) of −18,477 KJ mol⁻¹, which means that HECG delays the corrosion process by physical adsorption. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) study confirmed that corrosion inhibition of C38 steel occurs by adsorption of inhibiting molecules on the metal surface. These results show that the HECG can be used as an excellent corrosion inhibitor for C38 steel in a hydrochloric acid medium.     

耐浓硫酸新型铸造合金钢研究

设计了新型铸造合金钢的化学成分,研究了该合金钢的显微组织及其腐蚀行为。由Ｃｒ、Ｎｉ、Ｓｉ、Ｍｏ 及Ｃｕ 多元合金化的新型铸造合金钢,经１ ２００ ℃下２ ｈ 水冷固溶化处理后,具有良好的耐浓硫酸腐蚀性能和较高的抗点蚀性能。该合金钢敏化处理后,仍具有较好的抗晶间腐蚀性能。     

Cr5Mo钢在高温环烷酸中的腐蚀研究

采用CJF-2L型高温高压反应釜进行旋转挂片试验,通过腐蚀失重法和腐蚀形貌分析研究了Cr5Mo钢在高温环烷酸介质中的腐蚀行为规律.试验结果表明：实验酸值、温度及流速均显著影响Cr5Mo钢的腐蚀速率.Cr5Mo钢的腐蚀速率随着介质酸值的增加而增大,与介质酸值平方根呈线性关系,但增加酸值对Cr5Mo钢的腐蚀速率影响有限;随着温度的升高,腐蚀速率先增大后减小,在280℃时腐蚀速率达到最大值,为0.262 3 mm/a,不符合Arrhenius公式;腐蚀速率随流速增加而变大,流速对腐蚀速率影响较大.Cr5Mo钢在高温环烷酸介质中出现严重点蚀,点蚀坑的数量随酸值、温度及流速增大而增大,严重威胁安全生产,因此建议Cr5Mo钢在高温环烷酸介质中应监护使用.     

Novel surfactants incorporated with 1,3,5-triethanolhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine moiety as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in hydrochloric acid: Electrochemical and quantum chemical investigations

The main objective of this work was to examine the corrosion inhibition ability of three novel surfactant molecules synthesized from 1,3,5-triethanolhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine, which named (I, II and III). The chemical structure of these surfactants was confirmed by FT-IR and ¹H NMR spectroscopy. Also the surface active properties for the synthesized compounds were calculated. The effect of these surfactants on carbon steel in a solution of 1 M HCl was studied using mass-loss and electrochemical measurements. Protection efficiencies were found to be 93.1%, 90.7%, and 87% for III, II, and I, respectively. The order of increasing inhibition efficiency was correlated with increasing the number of ethylene oxide units. Potentiodynamic polarization curves indicated that the prepared surfactants acted as mixed type inhibitors. Adsorption of the inhibitor obeys the Langmuir isotherm. Quantum chemical calculations based on ab initio method were performed on I, II and III. The molecular structural parameters, such as the frontier molecular orbital energy HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital) and LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital), the charge distribution and the fraction of electrons (ΔN) transfer from inhibitor to carbon steel were calculated and discussed.     

长庆某气田完井液缓蚀剂的研究和应用

长庆某气田平均井深为3400m，储层上部有多个厚水层，通过定量测定各层的犄蚀速率，从上层到下层的纵向腐蚀分布是腐蚀速率逐渐增大。按照NACERP0775—91规定，腐蚀速率高，数值区间处于中度腐蚀和严重腐蚀之间，而且固井工艺采用局部固井降低成本的措施。提出了使用完井液复合缓蚀荆来延缓外部水对套管的腐蚀。通过对多种缓蚀剂的成分、配伍性和成膜、缓蚀性能的对比评价，优选出了适应该气田完井液体系的缓蚀剂MIG，经室内电化学和高温高压等试验，其缓蚀率达到86％以上，与钻井液配伍性能稳定且价格适中。现场2口井的应用表明，加入MIG缓蚀剂对钻井完井液的性能基本无影响，用前置液对固井段井筒环空钻井液和套管外壁清洗后，MIG复合缓蚀剂不影响固井第一、第二胶结面的质量，并且现场施工方便、简单、安全。     

离子渗氮对X80钢在库尔勒土壤溶液中电化学腐蚀行为的影响

通过对X80钢进行离子渗氮处理,研究其在库尔勒土壤模拟溶液中浸泡30天的耐腐蚀性能。通过动电位极化曲线和阻抗谱测试X80钢渗氮层对腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,经离子渗氮的试样比X80钢更耐蚀,其自腐蚀电位为-393mV,比X80钢高出337mV,自腐蚀电流密度为0.046A/cm2,约是X80钢的1/1 000。离子渗氮处理使X80钢表面生成了ε相和γ′相,可显著提高自腐蚀电位,使腐蚀反应更难发生。同时,显著降低了自腐蚀电流密度。采用SEM、XRD和EDS技术对腐蚀产物膜的表面形貌和组成成分进行测试分析表明,腐蚀产物主要是Fe3O4和β-FeOOH。     

Evaluation of N-(3-(dimethyl hexadecyl ammonio)propyl) palmitamide bromide as cationic surfactant corrosion inhibitor for API N80 steel in acidic environment

A new cationic surfactant named (N-(3-(dimethyl hexadecyl ammonio)propyl) palmitamide bromide has been evaluated as corrosion inhibitor for API N80 Steel Pipelines in 1M HCl solution. Four different techniques have been utilized for studying the corrosion behavior of the synthesized cationic amphipathic corrosion inhibitor. The prepared corrosion inhibitor was evaluated at five different temperatures 25, 30, 40, 50 and 60?°C, using weight loss technique. The three other techniques which are potentiodynamic polarization, Electrochemical impedance (EIS) and Electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM) were used for evaluation at room temperature (25?°C?±?1). The results outlined that the synthesized DMHPP amphipathic corrosion inhibitor was good inhibitor and their inhibition efficiencies were directly proportional with both the inhibitor concentration and temperature. Polarization curve revealed that the studied inhibitor act as a mixed-type of inhibitor. The adsorption of the used inhibitor led to a reduction in the double layer capacitance and an increase in the charge transfer resistance. The adsorption behavior of the amphipathic inhibitor obey Langmuir adsorption model. The change in free energy of adsorption of the synthesized inhibitor range from ?40.5 to ?45.5?kJ?mol^?1 as an indication for chemisorption process between inhibitor and steel. A clear correlation was found between corrosion inhibition efficiency and theoretical parameters obtained using density functional theory (DFT).     

The effects of sulfide stress cracking on the mechanical properties and intergranular cracking of P110 casing steel in sour environments

Variation and degradation of P-110 casing steel mechanical properties, due to sulfide stress cracking (SSC) in sour environments, was investigated using tensile and impact tests. These tests were carried out on specimens, which were pretreated under the following conditions for 168 hours temperature, 60 °C; pressure, 10 MPa; H2S partial pressure, 1 MPa and CO2 partial pressure, 1 MPa; preload stress, 80% of the yield strength (σs); medium, simulated formation water. The reduction in tensile and impact strengths for P-110 casing specimens in corrosive environments were 28% and 54%, respectively. The surface morphology analysis indicated that surface damage and uniform plastic deformation occurred as a result of strain aging. Impact toughness of the casing decreased significantly and intergranular cracking occurred when specimens were maintained at a high stress level of 85% σs .     

Investigation of a few oxazolone molecules as corrosion inhibitor for API5LX60 steel in 1N H2SO4 solution

Corrosion is recognized as a notable problem in oil sector where API5LX60 steel transmission pipelines are in frequent use. In this report, three oxazolone derivatives as potential corrosion inhibitors were investigated on API5LX60 graded carbon steel in 1N H₂SO₄ solution in stagnant conditions at concentrations 50–200 ppm. Gravimetric weight loss coupons and electrical resistance corrosion monitoring techniques performed on test samples showed inhibitory properties with best at 200 ppm inhibitor concentration. The results further revealed that the degree of inhibition was concentration dependent. Inhibitor I exhibited the highest inhibition efficiency of 90.70% at 200 ppm concentration. Statistical analysis using multiple linear regression model procreated high R² value of 0.998 and p-value < 0.0001 asserting a smooth linear dependence of inhibitor efficiency on oxazolone concentration and weight loss of the steel. Again, surface analysis affirmed the formation of protective coating of inhibitor on steel surface. Furthermore, the oxazolone inhibitor adsorbed physically on the steel surface and obeyed the Langmuir isotherm which is evident from the linear correlation coefficient value of 0.9992.