高压釜消解-ICP-OES法测定印刷线路板中多种重金属元素

研究用高压釜消解-ICP-OES测定印刷线路板中重金属元素Pb,Cd,Hg,Cr,Au,Ag的含量。结果表明,方法灵敏、快速、准确、操作方便,实用性强。Pb,Cd,Hg,Cr,Au,Ag的回收率在94.0%～105.0%之间,相对标准偏差RSD<5%。     

多通道超声雾化器雾化率测试仪的设计

智能化、多通道超声雾化器雾化率检测系统由三大模块组成:数据采集模块、控制器模块、显示模块。其中数据采集模块完成对来自多通道称重传感器的电压信号的检测、放大、AD转换。此时的数字信号送给控制器处理,由控制器完成对超声雾化器在单位时间内药水量的减少量的的判断、计算、显示等功能。此系统精度高,可靠性好,可以满足超声雾化器生产厂家和医疗器械监督局对超声雾化器雾化率合格率的测试要求,具有很好的实用价值。     

ICP-OES法测定15种燃香类产品中重金属元素含量

采用稀盐酸萃取处理样品,通过ICP-OES测定燃香类产品中重金属As、Cd、Cr、Pb、Hg元素含量。5种元素检出限在0.034-0.54mg/kg之间。除Hg元素之外,相对标准偏差(RSD)<5.38%,回收率为85.8-102%。80%燃香类产品的Cr元素含量最高,Pb元素含量次之。ICP-OES能够高效准确地检测燃香类产品中的多种重金属元素,为燃香类产品的质量评价和安全使用提供参考意义。     

三种浮选药剂雾化方式在临涣选煤厂的应用

介绍了临涣选煤厂应用的三种浮选药剂雾化方式工作原理;通过生产试验表明：在分选指标相似的情况下,雾化器的浮选药剂单位用量比起雾盘、乳化器分别节省15％、5％以上,节油效果明显。     

RP—HPLC法同时测定罗非鱼血浆中DMP和DEP含量

方法：血浆样品经液-液萃取,以乙腈水=40 60（V／V）为流动相,流速1．0mL·min,采用SHIMADZUODS柱（150mm×4．6mm;i．d．,5μm）色谱柱分离。测定罗非鱼经口暴露后血浆中邻苯二甲酸二甲酯和邻苯二甲酸二乙酯的浓度。结果：标准曲线线性范围为0．01-10．0μg·mL,线性关系良好（r〉0．99）,定量限为0．01μg·mL^-1,回收率90％以上,日内变异系数和日间变异系数均低于10％。经口暴露48h内罗非鱼血浆中均能检测到邻苯二甲酸二甲酯和邻苯二甲酸二乙酯的残留。     

一种自动抑制超声测量盲区的方法

文章介绍了一种自动抑制超声测量盲区的方法。该方法包括两个方面: 1. 自动根据测量距离远近调控发射功率的大小,即在近距离时,采用较小的发射功率,以减小测量盲区,而在远距离时采用较大功率发射,以获得较大的测量距离; 2. 自动根据距离的远近调整发射拖尾波覆盖信号的宽度,以消除拖尾波的干扰。文中还介绍了通过控制固定频率的波群激励信号的宽度来调控发射功率的原理及相应的功率调控电路和尾波覆盖电路。实验表明,该方法实施简单、效果显著,在 25m的量程内,盲区可减小到 0. 2m。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定土壤中的十五种多环芳烃

本文采用超声披提取、悌度冼脱及二极管阵列检测器和荧光检测器联用的反相高效液相色谱法测定土壤中的多环芳烃,方法简单、快速、准确、灵敏度高,能满足土壤中PAHs的检测要求。对15种PAHs,其荧光检测器的检测限介于0．01—50ng/mL之间,RSD介于2．3％～7．9％之间,回收率介于75％～90％之间。     

浅析食品重金属测定中的几种样品消解方法

结合食品中重金属的检测经验,总结常用的干法灰化、湿式消解、微波消解三种样品消解方法的优势、不足和注意事项,为从事食品重金属检测工作的同仁选取适宜的消解方法提供参考。     

小波变换在爆炸焊接复合板超声检测中的应用

在传统超声波检测的基础上,利用小波变换将超声检测回波信号分解成不同频带上的信号成分,通过分析这些不同频带上的焊接界面回波和底面回波,结合爆炸焊接复合板不同结合界面对超声波传播的影响,检测出爆炸复合板界面的结合形态.钢钛爆炸焊接复合板的实验室检测结果表明,该方法具有检测方便、检测周期短和不破坏材料整体性的优点.     

现代电子技术在超声检测与测量中的应用

本文根据电子电路与单片机技术的特点，简要介绍了它们在超声检测与测量及其相关仪器中的应用。     

Determination of heavy metals by ICP-OES and F-AAS after preconcentration with 2,2'-bipyridyl and erythrosine

The applicability of 2,2'-bipyridyl and erythrosine co-precipitation method for the separation and preconcentration of some heavy metals, such as Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in actual samples for their determination by ICP-OES and F-AAS was studied. Experimental conditions influencing the recovery of the investigated metals, such as pH, molar ratio of 2,2'-bipyridyl to erythrosine, the effect of time on co-precipitation were optimized. The analytical characteristics of the method (e.g. limit of detection, sensitivity, linear range and preconcentration factor) were obtained. The limits of detection LOD (ng mL(-1)) of the ICP-OES (F-AAS) method were: Cd: 4.0 (7.75), Co: 3.1 (57.2), Cu: 18 (10.3), Ni 21.3 (32.8), Pb: 35.9 (29.2) and Zn: 10.2 (6.90). The recovery of all the elements tested was more than 93%. The influence of inorganic matrix was examined. The proposed method was applied to determination of Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in vegetables and certified reference material (NCS ZC85006 Tomato).     

Determination of thorium by ICP-MS and ICP-OES

Natural thorium (232-Th) has traditionally been measured by radiometric techniques such as alpha and gamma spectrometry. However. with both ICP-OES and ICP-MS instruments becoming relatively common in many analytical laboratories. these techniques have become more acceptable in thorium analysis. This paper will briefly describe an overview of the instrumentation currently available and the techniques themselves applied to thorium analysis. Both techniques have low detection limits and require little sample treatment after the sample digestion. Routine sample analysis time is short and spectra easy to interpret. usually giving results with low uncertainties, Whereas ICP-OES measures total thorium only, ICP-MS also offers the potential to measure other long-lived thorium isotopes (t 1/2 > 10(4) years), such as 232Th. However, other important isotopes, such as 228Th. are still out of reach for routine analysis. The main disadvantage of the techniques is the requirement for a sample digestion stage.     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测定铬镍合金中杂质元素

探讨了用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测定铬镍合金中7种杂质元素锰、钛、磷、铜、铝、硅、铁的分析方法。通过试验确定了仪器最佳测定条件,利用基体匹配使该方法测定的杂质元素的加标回收率在98.9%～111.0%之间,RSD<1.09%,准确度和精密度好,可以满足分析要求。     

ICP-OES法测定铁矿中的MFe

本文采电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定铁矿石中MFe的含量。加入混酸溶解样品,提高了溶解温度,并且使溶解更完全。结果表明,本法溶解速度快,分析精确度高,稳定性好,成本低,适合铁矿石中的MFe测定。     

ICP-OES法测定硅锰、锰铁合金中磷含量

应用ICP—OES法测定硅锰、锰铁合金中磷的含量,对试样前处理及分析方法的各种参数进行了优化,包括溶样酸的选择,分析谱线的选择,试样基体、分析酸度和干扰元素对测定结果的影响。通过各种分析参数的优化选择实现了硅锰、锰铁中磷的测定,取得了满意的效果。线性相关系数：P=0．9998,检测限为：0．030％。该分析方法准确快速,试剂用量少,线性范围宽,适用于硅锰、锰铁合金中质量分数为0．03～0．50％的磷测定。     

ICP-OES法测定烟道灰中的镓和锗

研究了ICP-OES法同时测定烟道灰中的镓和锗。试验确定了以(HF+HClO4)溶解样品,讨论了分析谱线的选择,干扰及其校正。试验对仪器的功率和工作气体流量等条件进行了优化,建立了分析方法。结果表明,两种元素的回收率为97%~103%,相对标准偏差为0.79%~2.45%,方法简便、快速、易行,完全满足分析的需要。     

Study of the technological parameters of ultrasonic nebulization.

The principle of an ultrasonic nebulizer is based on the vibrations of a piezoelectric crystal driven by an alternating electrical field. These periodic vibrations are characterized by their frequency, their amplitude, and their intensity, which corresponds to the energy transmitted per surface unit. When the vibration in tensity is sufficient, cavitation occurs, and droplets are generated. Ventilation enables airflow to cross the nebulizer and to expel the aerosol droplets. For a given nebulizer, the vibration frequency of the piezoelectric crystal is fixed, often in the range 1-2.5MHz. In most cases, an adjustment in vibration intensity is possible by modifying vibration amplitude. The ventilation level is adjustable. The vibrations may be transmitted through a coupling liquid--commonly water--to a nebulizer cup containing the solution to be aerosolized. In this work, we studied the influence of the technological parameters of ultrasonic nebulization on nebulization quality. Our study was carried out with a 9% sodium chloride solution and a 2% protein solution (alpha1 protease inhibitor). Three different ultrasonic nebulizers were used. An increase in vibration frequency decreased the size of droplets emitted. The coupling liquid absorbed the energy produced by the ultrasonic vibrations and canceled out any heating of the solution, which is particularly interesting for thermosensitive drugs. An increase in vibration intensity did not modify the size of droplets emitted, but decreased nebulization time and raised the quantity of protein nebulized, thus improving performance. On the other hand, an increase in ventilation increased the size of emitted droplets and decreased nebulization time and the quantity of protein nebulized because more drug was lost on the walls of the nebulizer. High intensity associated with low ventilation favors drug delivery deep into the lungs.     

ICP-OES法测试产铀硅酸盐岩石中9元素

建立了ICP—OES法同时测试产铀硅酸盐岩石Si、Al、Fe、Ca、Mg、K、Na、Ti和Mn等9元素的方法,采用偏硼酸锂一次熔融分解试样,避免引入剧毒、腐蚀性液体氢氟酸。通过对仪器条件的优化,控制测试结果达到满意。对GBW04120测试精密度(RSD,n=11)为0.46%—5.29%,加标回收率在95.4%—105.1%之间。操作简便、快速、有效。     

ICP-OES法测定焊锡中铅铜银等多种元素

本文用电感耦合等离子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)同时测定测焊锡中的多种金属元素,用硝酸-氢氟酸混酸溶解样品,加入硫脲稳定溶液中的银离子。以基体匹配法配制工作曲线标样,有效地消除了基体干扰。方法简便、可靠,能满足焊锡样品测定的要求。