微量Zr对Cu-Ag合金磨损行为的影响

采用真空熔炼的方法制备了CuAg-Zr合金，研究了微量Zr对Cu-Ag合金磨损行为的影响，探讨了合金的磨损机理．结果表明：Cu-Ag合金的磨损率随着Zr含量的增加明显减小，随着受电电流和滑动距离的增大逐渐增大．粘着磨损、磨粒磨损和电侵蚀磨损是主要的磨损机制．微量Zr的加入使合金中形成弥散细小的析出相，使其磨损性能明显优于Cu-Ag合金．     

Cu-Cr-Zr合金电滑动磨损行为研究

将经过480℃×2h时效处理和拉拔成型制得的Cu-0.40Cr-0.10Zr合金线材在自制电磨损试验机上进行电滑动磨损实验,并运用扫描电子显微镜、能谱分析等方法对Cu-Cr-Zr合金滑动磨损表面形貌及电磨损机理进行了观察和分析.结果表明,在不加载电流的情况下Cu-Cr-Zr合金的滑动磨损机制为粘着磨损和磨粒磨损;在载流条件下的磨损机制为粘着磨损、磨粒磨损以及电烧蚀磨损,并且随着电流强度的增大,粘着磨损和电烧蚀磨损的程度也越严重.     

Cu-Ag-Fe合金的电接触滑动磨损的研究

为改善接触线的耐磨性能,在Cu-Ag合金中添加微量Fe元素制备了Cu-Ag-Fe合金接触线,研究了电流强度、滑动速度和载荷对Cu-Ag-Fe合金的磨损形貌及磨损率的影响.实验结果表明：随电流强度、滑动速度和载荷的增加,合金的质量磨损率明显增加.磨损形貌表明,在受电滑动条件下,磨损形式以粘着磨损、磨粒磨损和电侵蚀磨损为主...     

润滑条件下三维编织炭复合材料的摩擦学特性

采用MM-200型摩擦磨损试验机研究了润滑条件下三维编织炭/环氧复合材料的摩擦磨损性能,探讨了载荷及滑动速度等外界因素的影响;并采用XL30 ESEM电子显微镜观察磨损表面形貌,分析了其磨损机理.结果表明,润滑条件下复合材料的摩擦磨损性能远优于干摩擦,且磨合期较短;随着载荷的增加,复合材料的摩擦系数和比磨损率降低,但滑动速度对摩擦磨损性能的影响很小;润滑条件下的磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损.     

三维编织复合材料在润滑条件下的摩擦性能

利用树脂传递模塑(RTM)工艺制备了三维编织炭纤维/环氧(C3D/EP)复合材料.采用MM-200型摩擦磨损试验机研究了该材料润滑条件下的摩擦磨损性能,探讨了载荷及滑动速度等外界因素的影响;并采用XL30 ESEM电子显微镜观察磨损表面形貌,分析了其磨损机理.结果表明,润滑条件下复合材料的摩擦磨损性能远优于干摩擦,且磨合期较短;随着载荷的增加,复合材料的摩擦系数和比磨损率降低,但滑动速度对摩擦磨损性能的影响很小;润滑条件下的磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损.     

45CrNi摩擦磨损性能研究

利用销盘摩擦磨损试验机,考察了干滑动摩擦条件下滑动速度、接触压力对45CrNi摩擦副摩擦磨损性能的影响.研究结果表明:在相同的试验条件下,530 ℃回火销的磨损率、摩擦系数较大;磨损率与硬度并不成绝对的反比关系.材料的磨损率随着接触压力、滑动速度的增加而增大;摩擦系数随着接触压力的增大而减小.     

接触线用铜合金剥层磨损行为

对高速电气化铁路接触线用Cu-Cr-Zr合金电磨损性能和磨损机制进行了研究.结果表明,在试验条件下,在合金接触线-黄铜粉末冶金滑块系统的电磨损过程中, Cu-Cr-Zr合金接触线的电磨损率随电流强度升高显著加强,由加载较小电流引起的磨损份额为0.16%～0.34%上升至电流强度较大时的7.82%～17.21%;未加载电流时,剥层磨损的体积损失在总磨损体积损失中所占比例高达94.70%,表明该机制为合金接触线主要机械磨损机制.     

载流条件下铜基粉末冶金材料的摩擦磨损行为

载流条件下材料的摩擦学性能对于铁铬弓网系统、电极电刷以及航天航空运用都有重要意义.以铜基粉末冶金材料为对象,在专用的载流摩擦磨损试验机上,系统地研究了载流电流密度、滑动速度与接触压力对摩擦磨损特性的影响规律.结果表明:电流、接触压力与滑动速度对载流摩擦副的摩擦磨损性能存在着强烈的交互作用.电流介入产生的电弧损伤严重,恶化了摩擦副的摩擦磨损性能;一定的接触压力有利于获得比较稳定的载流摩擦表面接触,对于高速、大功率电力机车,一定的接触压力有利于保证良好的载流质量,减少电弧产生.     

铜基粉末冶金滑块材料组织及性能研究

采用冷压烧结粉末冶金法制备了铜基受电靴滑块材料。测试了材料的力学性能,用SEM、电滑动磨损试验等方法分析了材料的断口形貌和载流摩擦磨损性能,探讨了其磨损机理。结果表明,该材料的拉伸断裂呈脆性断裂,在非载流条件下,试样的磨损量随着试验载荷的增加而增大;载流条件下,电流产生大量的电弧热促进了石墨的润滑作用;加载10A电流情况下,磨损量随滑动速度的增加先减小后增大;加载30A电流情况下,磨损量随滑动速度的加快而增大。摩擦系数在滑动初始阶段迅速升高,在低速、载流情况下,这一现象更为明显。电流的加入使平稳阶段的摩擦系数相对较低。     

GH4169高温合金过冷度对其摩擦磨损性能的影响

目前,鲜见关于过冷度对GH4169高温合金摩擦磨损性能的研究报道。采用复合熔盐净化法对GH4169高温合金进行过冷处理。采用光学显微镜分析过冷合金凝固组织的演化规律,采用硬度计测量其硬度;利用球-盘干摩擦磨损试验研究了不同过冷度下GH4169高温合金的摩擦系数和磨损机理,采用扫描电镜及能谱仪分析其磨损形貌及成分。结果表明:在小过冷度范围内(10 K≤△T63 K),摩擦系数随着过冷度的增大先增大后减小;在中等过冷度范围内(63 K≤△T90 K),摩擦系数随过冷度的增大而增大;在大过冷度范围内(90 K≤△T250 K),摩擦系数随过冷度的增大而减小;过冷GH4169高温合金的磨损机制也分为3个阶段,前期以磨粒磨损为主,中期由接触疲劳磨损向黏着磨损转变,后期为黏着磨损和氧化磨损的竞争机制。     

Self-lubricate and anisotropic wear behavior of AZ91D magnesium alloy reinforced with ternary Ti2AlC MAX phases

The dry sliding wear behavior of Ti₂AlC reinforced AZ91 magnesium composites was investigated at sliding velocity of 0.5 m/s under loads of 10, 20, 40 and 80 N using pin-on-disk configuration against a Cr15 steel disc. Wear rates and friction coefficients were registered during wear tests. Worn tracks and wear debris were examined by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy in order to obtain the wear mechanisms of the studied materials. The main mechanisms were characterized as the magnesium matrix oxidation and self-lubrication of Ti₂AlC MAX phase. In all conditions, the composites exhibit superior wear resistance and self-lubricated ability than the AZ91 Mg alloy. In addition, the anisotropic mechanisms in tribological properties of textured Ti₂AlC-Mg composites were confirmed and discussed.     

Tribological behavior of ZA27/Al2O3/graphite hybrid nanocomposites

ZA27 alloy composites reinforced with alumina and graphite nanoparticles are a unique class of advanced engineered materials that have been developed to use in tribological applications. In this study, dry sliding wear behavior of ZA27 alloy matrix hybrid nanocomposites has been investigated. Mechanical alloying and hot pressing methods have been used for the fabrication of these composite materials. Sliding wear tests were conducted using a block-on-disc type sliding wear testing apparatus under unlubricated conditions. Scanning electron microscopy analyses have been carried out to examine the wear surfaces. The results showed that the increase of alumina nanoparticle content can positively influence improvement of the tribological behavior of the hybrid nanocomposites.     

Microstructure developed in the surface layer of Ti-6Al-4V alloy after sliding wear in vacuum

Microstructural changes in the surface layer of Ti-6Al-4V alloy after sliding wear in vacuum have been studied by means of scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). The wear rates of Ti-6Al-4V alloy in vacuum were measured under different sliding velocities and loads. The experimental results showed that a severely deformed layer with a grain size of 50–100 nm and thickness about 70 μm was formed underneath the worn surface. Under the slower sliding velocities, the substructure of the layer had a high dislocation density, while under higher sliding velocities, twins were found to exist in the substructure. A process by which the deformed layer formed has been proposed and the deformation of materials at the contacting spots of the Ti-6Al-4V sample is discussed.     

The effects of artificial aging on wear properties of AA 6063 alloy

Wear behaviour of age-hardened 6063 aluminium alloy was evaluated under dry sliding conditions. A certain part of the aluminium samples was solution treated at 510 °C for 2, 4, 6 and 8 h, water-quenched then aged at 180 °C for 4 h, and the other part was solution treated at 510 °C for 6 h, water-quenched then aged at 180 °C for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 h in a muffle furnace. The as-cast and the aged samples were fully characterised before and after the wear testing using hardness, profilometer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and energy dispersive detector (EDS). The wear tests using on a pin-on-disc machine showed that the aging treatments improved the wear behaviour of AA 6063 alloy compared to as-cast samples.     

Tribological investigation of Zamak alloys reinforced with alumina (Al2O3) and fly ash

ABSTRACT

In this study, zinc aluminum alloy (Zamak) (ZA-27) composites reinforced by different weight fractions of fly ash, alumina (Al₂O₃), or both particles were produced using compo-casting technique. The composites were subjected to hardness and wear tests. The hardness of the composites increases with increase of the weight fractions of reinforcements. In wear test, the composites were examined under dry sliding conditions using pin on disc apparatus. The wear results revealed that the wear resistance increases with increase of the weight fractions of reinforcements. However, the effect of fly ash particles on the wear resistance of the produced composites is more statistically significant than the effect of Al₂O₃ particles. The morphology of the composites was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after the test. The SEM images revealed the existence of adhesion and delamination wear mechanism.     

Wear performance and mechanisms of EN coating under reciprocating sliding conditions

Electroless nickel (EN) coatings are commonly used as an engineering coating for protecting components from corrosion and wear. In the present work, EN was applied to a mild steel substrate and its wear performance under dry as well as lubricated conditions was evaluated for reciprocating sliding wear. A sliding pin made from nodular cast iron was used as the mating surface. In order to assess the wear mechanisms involved in the process, both optical and scanning electron microscopy were utilized to study the wear surface and the debris. The results indicate that the EN coating performed very well under lubricated conditions. In dry tests, extensive adhesion and material transfer was observed. Scanning electron micrographs have been interpreted to analyse various wear mechanisms operating under different loading conditions.     

Relationship Between Microstructure, Hardness, XRD, TGDTA Analysis, and Wear Performance of a Cast ZA Alloy

In the present article, microstructure, hardness, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TGDTA), and wear performance of a Cast ZA Alloy were studied by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), XRD analysis, thermal gravimetric and differential thermal analysis and tensile strength, hardness, and wear test techniques. Wear performance of the alloy was investigated on a pin-on-disk wear tester under dry sliding conditions, rubbing against nitrided steel. The wear performance of some specimens was superior to others, for which microstructure and precipitated particulates were important. It has showed that some important phases occurred and improved the wear performance after solution-treatment.