快速注塑薄壁制品用PP的结构与性能

采用凝胶渗透色谱、差示扫描量热法、偏光显微镜照片及计算机辅助工程(CAE)软件等分析了快速注塑薄壁制品用聚丙烯(PP)K1840的微观结构、宏观性能及其加工性能,并与国外同类产品进行了对比.结果表明:快速注塑薄壁制品用PP K1840分子链结构合理;较高的相对分子质量和适宜的相对分子质量分布使其具有优异流动性的同时保持...     

高流动抗冲共聚聚丙烯的结构与性能分析

采用多种分析测试手段,对氢调法高流动抗冲共聚聚丙烯(K7760H,K7100)的物理性能和微观结构进行了研究,并与国外同类产品进行了比较。结果表明,K7760H与K7100橡胶相的分布、相对分子质量及其分布、分子链序列结构等微观结构合理,产品抗冲击性能良好;K7760H与K7100乙烯含量相较于进口产品略低;K7760H与K7100结晶性能与进口产品基本一致,流动性能优异,具有良好的刚韧平衡性,综合性能达到同类进口产品水平。     

聚丙烯1102K流变性能的研究

通过熔体流动速率仪、螺旋流动长度测试模具、毛细管流变仪和旋转流变仪等手段研究了聚丙烯1102K及其他两种对比牌号样品的流变性能。结果表明,三种样品在分子链结构和流变性能上均略有差异;相比而言,1102K具有较高的熔体质量流动速率和良好的加工流动性。     

聚丙烯K6810的结构与性能

利用差示扫描量热仪、凝胶渗透色谱仪、扫描电子显微镜等分析了中流动、中抗冲、高硬度聚丙烯(PP)K6810及两种国外同类产品的结构与性能。结果表明:K6810是丙烯与乙烯的共聚物,乙丙橡胶的相对分子质量较大,且以直径为1~2μm的球形微粒均匀分布在PP基体中,保证了材料具有优良的抗冲击性能;K6810的相对分子质量分布适中,熔体流动速率为9.1 g/10 min,加工性能优良;K6810的熔融温度为167.7℃,耐热性较好。     

管材专用HDPE树脂的性能

分析了PE80级管材专用高密度聚乙烯K44-08-122与国产同类产品在力学性能、相对分子质量及其分布、毛细管流变性能、结晶性能等方面的差异。结果表明:与参比试样相比,K44-08-122的断裂拉伸应变达616%,简支梁缺口冲击强度较高,韧性较好;K44-08-122的氧化诱导时间为80.7 min,远大于参比试样的34.0min,而且具有良好的力学性能和加工性能;K44-08-122的结晶温度较高,熔融温度较低;K44-08-122满足GB/T17219—1998的要求,通过了PE80级管材分级认证,各项性能达到PE80级管材要求。     

微凝胶的制备及其在涂料中的应用

微凝胶是一种具有分子内交联结构的聚合物微粒,具有优良的加工性能和施工性能,可用来对涂料进行改性,增强漆膜的力学性能和耐久性。介绍了微凝胶的结构、性能、制备方法及其在涂料中的应用。     

茂金属线形低密度聚乙烯树脂结构性能分析

分析了4种薄膜用线形低密度茂金属聚乙烯(PE-mLLD)及独山子石化生产的线形低密度聚乙烯(PE-LLD)的基本物性指标、热力学性能、凝聚态结构、相对分子质量及其分布、分子链结构及流变性能。结果表明,Exxon Mobile公司的3个PE-mLLD样品均采用己烯共聚,样品具有两种结构,相对分子质量分布较窄的PE-mLLD分子链规整性较好,加工性能较差,但力学性能优于PE-LLD;相对分子质量分布宽的PE-mLLD分子链结构中支化点较多,加工性能较好;DOW公司的样品采用辛烯作为共聚单体,相对分子质量分布较宽,加工性能及力学性能综合表现较好。     

透明高抗冲聚苯乙烯树脂的工业化试验

在5kt／a高抗冲聚苯乙烯树脂装置上,以1,1-双(叔丁基过氧基)环己烷为引发剂、苯乙烯为单体、丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(简称K树脂)为增韧剂,采用自由基聚合工艺生产了透明高抗冲聚苯乙烯(HT-IPS)树脂,考察了HT-IPS树脂的微观结构、相对分子质量及其分布、流变性能、接枝反应程度、物理机械性能和光学性能,讨论了影响HT-IPS树脂结构及性能的因素。结果表明,HT-IPS树脂具有微观相分离结构,聚丁二烯链段为分散相、聚苯乙烯链段为连续相;HT-IPS树脂的流动性能略差于高抗冲聚苯乙烯树脂,且随着K树脂用量的增加,其流动性能变差,K树脂用量应控制在15份以下;在聚丁二烯链段的主链和侧链均发生了接枝反应,HT-IPS树脂具有较高的弯曲强度、弹性模量和拉伸强度,其光学性能、流变性能良好,但冲击强度较低,扯断伸长率较小。     

聚氯乙烯/硫铁矿渣复合塑料装饰板的研制

本文研究了用硫铁矿渣(FM)填充聚氯乙烯(PVC)对体系加工性能和物理机械性能的影响;并对产品结构、配方设计、成型工艺及其应用进行了试验。结果表明:PVC/FM复合塑料装饰板具有优异的光、热稳定性、良好的力学性能和二次加工性能。     

聚丙烯医用输液瓶专用料结构表征

研究了聚丙烯医用输液瓶专用料B4902、B4908的微观形态、结构及其力学性能和加工性能,并与同类进口产品进行了对比。B4902、B4908中的乙丙橡胶粒径较小且分布均匀,产品具有适宜的刚韧平衡性,加工性能优良,达到同类进口产品的性能。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitin on the properties of chitin crystallites

In the present article, chitin from crab shell was systematically deacetylated using a NaOH treatment with control of the reaction time. The degree of deacetylation, monitored using solid-state NMR, revealed that the reaction was pseudo-first order. Based on this, swollen and NaOH-saturated particles are proposed as the reaction system. The weight loss of the partially saponified and neutralized samples after HCl hydrolysis increased linearly with the degree of deacetylation. The crystallinity of the samples was found to increase after acid hydrolysis. According to conductimetric titration, the surface charge density of the crystallites, after acid hydrolysis, was found to increase with base treatment time. The effect of surface charge on the formation of a chiral nematic phase, due to the rodlike nature of the crystallites, was explored. These results show that because the contribution of charged particles to the ionic strength was significant the double layer compression was affected, especially since the surface charge density was close to the Manning limit. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:373–380, 1997