共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 38 毫秒
1.
We consider the problem of maximizing the lifetime of a given multicast connection in wireless networks that use directional
antennas and have limited energy resources. We provide a globally optimal solution to this problem for a special case of using
omni-directional antennas. This graph theoretic approach provides us insights into more general case of using directional
antennas, and inspires us to produce a group of heuristic algorithms. Experimental results show that our algorithms outperform
other energy-aware multicast algorithms significantly in terms of multicast lifetime.
相似文献
Song GuoEmail: |
2.
The issue of wavelength assignment is one of the most important factors that affect the capacity for the deployment of optical
networks. This issue becomes more critical for multicast connections, especially when the network nodes have no wavelength
conversion capability. Although the wavelength assignment can be more flexible if each node can perform wavelength conversion,
the deployment cost increases accordingly. A compromise is to support a limited portion of conversion nodes in the WDM network.
We propose a systematic approach for the wavelength assignment of multicast connections in WDM networks with sparse wavelength
conversion nodes. The efficiency of the arrangement of wavelength is measured by its influences on the available capacity
of the network and the consumption of wavelengths. By using the proposed approach, the Static Cost Greedy (SCG) algorithm
[8] can be easily extended to be applicable in a Sparse Wavelength Conversion Network (SWCN). In addition, instead of SCG,
the Minimum-Effect-First (MEF) algorithm is proposed to maximize the network capacity during wavelength assignment. We compare
the performance of the proposed MEF methods with the extended SCG scheme through exhaustive simulations. The experimental
results indicate that the proposed MEF schemes demonstrate much better performance than the SCG scheme. We also found that
the performance is not always improved proportionally to the increment of the wavelength conversion nodes. The improvement
reaches saturation when the number of conversion nodes is above 35% of the total number of nodes.
相似文献
I-Hsuan PengEmail: |
3.
This paper presents the design and evaluation of a highly efficient on-demand multicast routing protocol for mobile ad hoc
networks (MANETs). The protocol, called Geography-aided Multicast Zone Routing Protocol (GMZRP), eliminates as much as possible
duplicate route queries by using a simple yet effective strategy for propagating the multicast route request (MRREQ) packets.
GMZRP is the first hybrid multicast protocol taking the advantages of both topological routing and geographical routing. It
partitions the network coverage area into small zones and guarantees that each geographic zone is queried only once. GMZRP
maintains a multicast forwarding tree at two levels of granularities, i.e., the zone granularity and the node granularity.
By doing this, it can easily handle route breakage since the zone level information can help recover the link failure at the
node level. The results of the performance evaluation of GMZRP using simulation show that, comparing with the well-known multicast
protocol ODMRP (On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol), GMZRP has much lower protocol overhead in terms of query packets and,
meanwhile, achieves competing packet delivery ratio and shorter delivery latency.
相似文献
Xiaopeng FanEmail: |
4.
In this paper we study translucent optical networks as an alternative to fully transparent and fully opaque optical networks.
In the former networks, a technique called sparse placement is used to overcome the lightpath blocking caused by the signal
quality degradation, using much less regenerators, which must strategically be placed, in contrast to a fully opaque network.
In this paper we propose a sparse placement algorithm based on two requirements. The first one is signal regeneration necessary
to re-amplify, reshape, and retime the optical signals after some predefined transparent distance in order to successfully
receive the signals at the destination node. The other is load balance of the traffic in the network aimed at efficient usage
of the network capacity resources. We apply a distributed Dijkstra routing algorithm which dynamically changes weights of
links during the process of locating regeneration capable nodes. We compare the performance of the proposed algorithm with
commonly used sparse placement algorithms through simulation experiments. The benefits are such that load balancing of the
network traffic is fully utilized, and with technological development it will be sufficient to equip up to 30% of nodes in
the network with electronic regenerations in order to have the same performance as in an opaque network.
相似文献
Jovan RadunovićEmail: |
5.
Ruth Van Caenegem Didier Colle Mario Pickavet Piet Demeester 《Photonic Network Communications》2009,17(1):75-91
All-Optical Label Swapping (AOLS) nodes are believed to be part of the future networks. The original node designs, however,
are very hard scalable. This article presents three alternatives that swap labels analogous to the original design. Two of
the proposed new switches use the same all-optical technology to parallelly compare labels but, they divide fibres in data
wavelengths that only transport payloads and label wavelengths that only transport labels. The third design sequentially compares
the incoming label with addresses in the node available in order to make the routing decision. All three architectures are
compared in terms of hardware necessary to perform routing.
相似文献
Piet DemeesterEmail: |
6.
Network survivability is crucial to both unicast and multicast traffic. Up to now, extensive research has been done on unicast
traffic protection. Recently, due to the rapid growth of multicast applications, such as video-conferencing, high definition
television (HDTV), distance learning, and multi-player on-line gaming, the problem of multicast traffic protection has started
to draw more research interests. The preconfigured protection cycle (p-cycle) method proposed by Grover offers fast speed in restoration (because p-cycles are pre-cross-connected) and high efficiency in resource utilization (because p-cycles protect both on-cycle and straddling links). So far p-cycles based protection approaches have been intensively studied for unicast traffic protection, but have been rarely investigated
for multicast traffic. We propose to apply p-cycles to dynamic protection provisioning of multicast traffic, and evaluate the blocking performance in comparison to other
existing multicast protection schemes. We consider three different p-cycle based multicasting protection methods, namely dynamic p-cycle (DpC) design, p-cycle based protected working capacity envelope (PWCE) design, and hybrid DpC and PWCE design. We show that p-cycle-based multicast protection approaches offer much better blocking performance, as compared with other existing multicast
protection schemes. The main reasons for the much better blocking performance are attributed to the facts that (i) the selection
of p-cycles is independent of the routing of the multicast light trees, (ii) there are no path/segment disjoint constraints between
the selected p-cycles and the multicast light trees to be protected, (iii) the selected p-cycles are the most efficient p-cycles.
相似文献
Wen-De ZhongEmail: |
7.
In the wireless microsensor networks, both source and sink nodes can be changed or mobile. The movement of source and sink
may lead to the breakage of existing routes. In most routing protocols, query packets are broadcasted to correct a broken
route between source and sink, which causes significant communication overhead in terms of both energy and delay. In order
to support the sink mobility of conventional routing protocols, we propose a simple route maintaining algorithm which does
not use the flooding method. Since the proposed algorithm does not require the information on the geometric location of sensor
nodes, it can be easily adopted in most existing routing protocols including Ad Hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Direct
Diffusion (DD). Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm drastically improves the conventional routing protocols
in terms of both energy and delay in case of mobile sinks.
相似文献
Sung-Jea KoEmail: |
8.
In mobile communications, effective inter-networking is mandatory in order to support user roaming among various types of
wireless networks while maintaining connectivity. In this paper, we propose a super node system architecture to achieve the
connectivity over interconnected heterogeneous wireless access networks, which employs the delay-tolerant network (DTN) concept
to overcome the problem of potential intermittent connections caused by user roaming and ensures message delivery in the presence
of a long disconnection period. By introducing the concept of virtual network topology, we present a new routing technique
for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) within the system architecture, which redefines the dominating-set based routing for the
challenged network environment. A time based methodology is presented to predict the probability of future contacts between
node pairs for constructing the virtual network topology. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed
dominating-set based routing scheme under the DTN system architecture.
相似文献
Bruno PreissEmail: |
9.
Ashraf Hossain T. Radhika S. Chakrabarti P. K. Biswas 《International Journal of Wireless Information Networks》2008,15(2):72-81
The nodes in a wireless sensor network are generally energy constrained. The lifetime of such a network is limited by the
energy dissipated by individual nodes during signal processing and communication with other nodes. The issues of modeling
a sensor network and assessment of its lifetime have received considerable attention in recent years. This paper provides
an analytical framework for placing a number of nodes in a linear array such that each node dissipates the same energy per
data gathering cycle. This approach ensures that all nodes run out of battery energy almost simultaneously. It is shown that
the network lifetime almost doubles with the proposed scheme as compared to other reported schemes. However, in practice,
the nodes are not expected to be placed as per this theoretical requirement. The issue of random placement of nodes has also
been investigated to obtain the statistics of energy consumption of a node. The analytical results for random node placement
are validated through simulation studies.
相似文献
P. K. BiswasEmail: |
10.
A multihop mobile wireless network can be a collection of wireless mobile nodes forming a temporary network without the aid
of any established infrastructure or centralized administration. Mobile nodes communicate with each other using multihop wireless
links. Each mobile node in the network also acts as a router, which forwards data packets to other nodes. A main challenge
in the design of this mobile network is the development of dynamic routing protocols that can efficiently find routes between
two communicating nodes that often change the network topology drastically and unpredictably. All communications between the
nodes inside the mobile network and the global Internet must be maintained, although the mobile router (MR) connecting the
other mobile network to the global Internet must change their address; and mobile nodes suffer from end-to-end delay and handoff
delay. That is to say, hereafter the packets sailing for the mobile node would not be routed directly for the destination,
but will always make a detour by way of HA to the target node. In this paper, we suggest Information-based Connection Algorithm
that adds keyword management method in order to resolve such a problem, simulations are carried out with NS-2 for performance
evaluation. The results of the simulations show an improvement on throughput and handoff delay, and consequently the QoS improvement.
相似文献
Doo-Kwon Baik (Corresponding author)Email: |
11.
Xianwei Zhou Lin Lin Jianping Wang Xuesong Zhang 《Wireless Personal Communications》2009,49(1):123-131
In this paper, the cross-layer design routing in cognitive radio(CR) networks is studied. We propose a colored multigraph
based model for the temporarily available spectrum bands, called spectrum holes in this paper. Based on this colored multigraph
model, a polynomial time algorithm with complexity O(n
2) is also proposed to develop a routing and interface assignment, where n is the number of nodes in a CR network. Our algorithm optimizes the hop number of routing, meanwhile, the adjacent hop interference
(AHI) is also optimized locally.
相似文献
Lin Lin (Corresponding author)Email: |
12.
Very Low Energy Consumption Wireless Sensor Localization for Danger Environments with Single Mobile Anchor Node 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In wireless sensor networks (WSN), it is very important for sensor nodes to locate with low energy consumption and high accuracy,
especially in a dangerous environment. This paper describes a range-free layered localization scheme using one mobile anchor
node which can transmit gradient signals, and whose moving track is a straight-line along the x-axis. And this paper proposes
a sleep/wake mechanism called sensor sleep-time forecasting to save energy consumption during localization. The relationship, between the key factors in localization algorithm and the
average location error, is analyzed in detail. Simulation results show that the scheme performs better than other range-free
mechanisms—the average location error is less than 0.7 m, and it is independent on sensor nodes density or sensor nodes radio
range, the accuracy of the algorithm can be adjusted in different occasions, and the algorithm beacon overhand is small and
average localization time is short.
相似文献
Lili Zhang (Corresponding author)Email: |
13.
Jean-Marc Hyppolite Philippe Galinier Samuel Pierre 《Photonic Network Communications》2008,15(2):123-130
This paper proposes a tabu search heuristic for solving the routing and wavelength assignment problem in multigranular optical
networks, considering the wavelength-continuity constraint and a set of connections to satisfy. For a number of fibers per
link, a number of wavebands per fiber, and a number of wavelengths per waveband, this algorithm attempts to minimize the total
number of ports used in the network by efficiently grouping lightpaths into bands and fibers, and switching the whole bands
and fibers. The algorithm has been implemented and tested on the NSFNET network, and comparisons have been made with the Balanced
Path Routing and Heavy Traffic First (BPHT) algorithm in terms of number of ports. Generally, the results obtained with our
tabu search heuristic are better than those provided by this algorithm.
相似文献
Samuel PierreEmail: |
14.
The clustering is a key routing method for large-scale wireless sensor networks, which effective extends the lifetime and
the expansibility of network. In this paper, a node model is defined based on the structure and transmission principle of
neuron, and a dynamic-clustering reactive routing algorithm is proposed. Once the event emergences, the cluster head is dynamic
selected in the incident region according to the residual energy. The data collected by the cluster head is sent back to the
Sink along the network backbone. Two kinds of accumulation ways are designed to increase the efficiency of data collection.
Meanwhile through the fluctuation of action-threshold, the cluster head can trace the changing speed of incident; the nodes
outside the incident region use this fluctuation to send data periodically. Finally, the simulation results verify that the
DCRR algorithm extends the network’s lifetime considerably and adapts to the change of network scale. The analysis shows that
DCRR has more prominent advantages under low and middle load.
相似文献
Zhe LiEmail: |
15.
Proactive mitigation of impact of wormholes and sinkholes on routing security in energy-efficient wireless sensor networks 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sensor networks are deployed in a variety of environments for unattended operation. In a hostile terrain, sensor nodes are
vulnerable to node capture and cryptographic material compromise. Compromised nodes can be used for launching wormhole and
sinkhole attacks in order to prevent sensitive data from reaching intended destinations. Our objective in this paper is mitigating
the impact of undetected compromised nodes on routing. To this end, we develop metrics for quantifying risk of paths in a
network. We then introduce a novel routing approach: Secure-Path Routing (SPR) that uses expected path risk as a parameter
in routing. Quantified path risk values are used in routing to reduce traffic flow over nodes that have high expected vulnerability.
Selecting low risk routes may lead to the choice of energy-expensive routes. Thus, we develop algorithms for balancing risk
with other path selection parameters, including energy consumption. We conduct simulation experiments to evaluate the effectiveness
of our approach and study the tradeoff between security and energy. Simulation shows that SPR can be quite effective at increasing
traffic flow over legitimate routes and that the impact of SPR on network lifetime is negligible.
相似文献
Eric D. ManleyEmail: |
16.
Restoration in wavelength-routed optical networks by means of ant colony optimization 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Because of the distributed control of the network, the dynamic nature of the traffic and the unpredictability of a failure
event, the flexibility and robustness of ant colony optimization (ACO) make it a suitable candidate for provisioning lightpaths
in an optical network. In this work, we propose a fault-tolerant dynamic routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) algorithm
based on the ACO framework, presenting its integration into the Generalized multi-protocol label switching (GMPLS) control
plane. By simulating two different scenarios, we demonstrate the effectiveness of this algorithm when a single link or node
failure occurs.
相似文献
Helio WaldmanEmail: |
17.
Masaru Fukushi Susumu Horiguchi Luke Demoracski Fabrizio Lombardi 《Journal of Electronic Testing》2009,25(1):11-23
This paper proposes and evaluates an approach for defect isolation of DNA self-assembled networks made of a large number of
processing nodes. The complexity of DNA self-assembled networks makes impractical to add a large amount of redundancy and
employ inefficient and unscalable defect tolerant schemes. A previous framework based on a broadcast algorithm isolates defective
nodes without incorporating redundancy for nodes. However, its disadvantage is the limited scalability, thus making it unsuitable
for extremely large scale networks built by DNA self-assembly. The proposed framework improves upon the previous framework
by involving three algorithmic tiers; namely, 1-hop wave expansion, efficient via placement, and unsafe node detection. The
performance of the proposed framework is evaluated and compared with the original framework by considering large scale networks
(up to 2,000 × 2,000 nodes), and a novel gross defect model (as well as a conventional random defect model as assumed in previous
works). Simulation results indicate that the proposed framework outperforms the original framework in broadcast latency and
efficiency and shows excellent scalability for DNA self-assembled nano-scale networks.
相似文献
Masaru FukushiEmail: |
18.
As industrial technology gets more mature, a single fiber can offer more and more wavelengths. However, it also results in
a large amount of switching ports at optical cross-connects (OXCs). Certainly, it is expected that higher and higher complexity
is inevitable to control and manage such large OXCs. In this paper, we study the dynamic wavelength assignment problem in
waveband switching (WBS) networks composed of multi-granular OXCs (MG-OXCs). Moreover, in order to relax the wavelength continuity
constraint on lightpath establishments, each MG-OXC node is equipped with a certain number of converters. To efficiently minimize
the extra port consumption and utilize wavelength converters, we proposed an online wavelength assignment algorithm named
Least Weighted Configuration Cost (LWCC). For a new request, LWCC first adopts fixed routing and then exploits the layered-graph approach and a new cost function
for edge weight assignment to determine adequate wavelength(s). The performance metrics of interest include both blocking
performance and converter utilization. Numerical results show that LWCC is superior in waveband grouping and therefore results
in significant performance gain in terms of blocking probability.
相似文献
Ching-Fang HsuEmail: |
19.
Wireless sensor networks can be used to monitor the interested region by multi-hop communication. Since sensor nodes are equipped
with energy-limited batteries, energy conservation in such networks is of paramount importance in order to prolong the network
lifetime. In this paper, considering the constrained radio range of node, we propose an energy efficient clustering division
scheme from the viewpoint of energy consumption. The difference between our scheme and previous schemes is that ours is a
non-uniform clustering hierarchy. With the algorithm that is proposed by this paper, we can divide the cluster into multiple
non-uniform concentric rings and obtain the optimal thickness of each ring. Motivated by the derived results, every sensor
node can adjust its radio range for transmission. Our extensive simulation results indicate that the proposed non-uniform
clustering division scheme outperforms the conventional uniform clustering division schemes in terms of energy consumption
and lifetime. The future research that should be explored is also discussed finally.
相似文献
Yan JinEmail: |
20.
Qing Liu Chongyang Xie Tannous Frangieh Nasir Ghani Ashwin Gumaste Nageswara S. V. Rao 《Photonic Network Communications》2009,17(1):63-74
This paper studies routing scalability in multi-domain DWDM networks. Although inter-domain provisioning has been well studied
for packet/cell-switching networks, the wavelength dimension (along with wavelength conversion) poses many challenges in multi-domain
DWDM settings. To address these concerns a detailed GMPLS-based hierarchical routing framework is proposed for multi-domain
DWDM networks with wavelength conversion. This solution uses mesh topology abstraction schemes to hide domain-internal state.
However related inter-domain routing loads can be significant here, growing by the square of the number of border nodes. To
address these scalability limitations, improved inter-domain routing update strategies are also proposed and the associated
performance of inter-domain lightpath RWA and signaling schemes studied.
相似文献
Nasir GhaniEmail: |