2-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基磷酰胆碱共聚物应用研究进展

综述了2-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基磷酰胆碱(MPC)共聚物在改善血液相容性、提高药物控释效率、增加基因转染率、改善角膜接触镜表面亲水性、延长人工关节使用寿命和减小生物传感器表面污染等领域的应用研究进展,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

超细硅藻土的甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷改性

硅藻土的主要化学成分是二氧化硅,经过一定的处理后可以作为白炭黑在橡胶中的替代品.本文对作为橡胶补强剂的超细硅藻土的表面处理进行了试验研究.通过改性前后样品的堆积密度、石蜡中悬浮液的浊度、吸油量等对改性效果进行了表征,并采用FTIR对改性机理进行了分析.结果表明,甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷的最优用量为1.2%,硅烷偶...     

聚甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵的合成研究

以甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)为单体,过硫酸铵/亚硫酸氢钠为引发剂,合成了聚甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(PDMC)。单因素法考察了引发剂用量、反应温度以及反应时间对PDMC相对分子质量的影响。实验发现随引发剂用量的减少,PDMC相对分子质量趋于增大;反应温度从65℃升至85℃过程中,PDMC相对分子质量先增大后减小,75℃时,相对分子质量最大;随反应时间的延长,单体残留率逐渐降低,相对分子质量逐渐增大,但超过2h后相对分子质量增大趋缓。     

聚甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵的合成研究

以甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)为单体,过硫酸铵/亚硫酸氢钠为引发剂,合成了聚甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(PDMC)。单因素法考察了引发剂用量、反应温度以及反应时间对PDMC相对分子质量的影响。实验发现随引发剂用量的减少,PDMC相对分子质量趋于增大;反应温度从65℃升至85℃过程中,PDMC相对分子质量先增大后减小,75℃时,相对分子质量最大;随反应时间的延长,单体残留率逐渐降低,相对分子质量逐渐增大,但超过2 h后相对分子质量增大趋缓。     

甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵与丙烯酰胺的合成研究

丙烯酰胺(AM)与甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)进行水溶液聚合,考察了引发剂浓度、温度、单体配比、pH值、引发剂等因素对共聚物的阳离子度、特性黏度以及相对分子质量的影响。结果表明,制备高相对分子质量的阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺的最佳工艺条件为:pH为8,温度为50℃,引发剂的用量为0.8 mmol/L,DMC∶AM(摩尔比)=1∶3。     

聚甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵的合成

以工业品甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)为原料,过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂,乙二胺四乙酸四钠(Na4EDTA)为络合剂,采用一次性加入引发剂、两步升温引发的水溶液聚合方法合成聚甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(PDMC)。用正交实验优化反应条件,得到的最佳工艺条件为：w(DMC)=72.5%,m(APS):m(DMC)和m(Na4EDTA):m(DMC)分别为0.20:100和0.018:100。在聚合反应引发温度T1为35℃下反应3h后,再在聚合反应熟化温度T2为50℃下完成反应3h。在最佳工艺条件下,得到的PDMC胶体产物的特征黏度为10.38 dL•g-1,单体转化率为98.40%。用FTIR和1HNMR对产物的结构进行了表征。该文所得结果为合成工艺的进一步优化和系列化PDMC产物的合成研究奠定了基础。     

聚甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵的合成

以工业品甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)为原料,过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂,乙二胺四乙酸四钠(Na4EDTA)为络合剂,采用一次性加入引发剂、两步升温引发的水溶液聚合方法合成聚甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(PDMC)。用正交实验优化反应条件,得到的最佳工艺条件为:w(DMC)=72.5%,m(APS)∶m(DMC)和m(Na4EDTA)∶m(DMC)分别为0.20∶100和0.018∶100。在聚合反应引发温度T1为35℃下反应3 h后,再在聚合反应熟化温度T2为50℃下完成反应3 h。在最佳工艺条件下,得到的PDMC胶体产物的特征黏度为10.38d L/g,单体转化率为98.40%。用FTIR和1HNMR对产物的结构进行了表征。该文所得结果为合成工艺的进一步优化和系列化相对分子质量PDMC产物的合成研究奠定了基础。     

淀粉-丙烯酰胺-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵接枝共聚研究

采用氧化还原引发体系,在水溶液中接枝聚合制备了淀粉、丙烯酰胺(AM)与甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)接枝共聚物。考察了反应温度、反应时间、引发剂浓度、单体质量比对接枝率、接枝效率及阳离子度的影响,确定了最佳反应条件:淀粉7.5g,AM15g,引发剂浓度0.4mmol/L,反应温度45℃,反应时间5h,m(DMC):m(AM)为1:3,所得接枝共聚物的接枝率为136.18%,接枝效率为79.8%,阳离子度为19.2%。     

甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵聚合物合成和应用研究进展

甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵聚合物是一类带有季铵盐基团的高分子聚电解质,具有带正电荷、水溶性好、特征黏度易于控制、高效无毒等特点,广泛应用于石油开采、造纸、纺织、废水和污泥处理等行业中。首先,概述了聚甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(PDMC)在提高产物特征黏度方面的合成研究进展,指出了PDMC在分子结构上的最新研究方向;然后,介绍了共聚物聚甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵-丙烯酰胺〔P(DMC-AM)〕的合成进展,重点探讨了溶液聚合法、乳液聚合法和其他聚合法对聚合物序列结构和特征黏度影响的研究进展;接着,对比不同性质的污泥处理实例,阐述了污泥性质对共聚物P(DMC-AM)絮凝性能的影响规律;最后,归纳了P(DMC-AM)在合成和应用中的问题并对未来的发展趋势进行了展望。     

对二甲氨基苯甲酸-2-羟基-3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙酯的合成

在三乙胺的存在下 ,甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯与对二甲氨基苯甲酸在甲苯中反应得到一种自身具有光敏性的交联剂—对二甲氨基苯甲酸 2 羟基 3甲基丙烯酰氧基丙酯 ,总收率为 5 5 %。实验表明 ,当反应温度为 85℃ ,甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯 /对二甲氨基苯甲酸摩尔比为 1 5时 ,收率最高     

玻璃微珠改性高聚物的研究进展

通过对比分析国内外研究者在玻璃微珠改性高聚物方面的最新进展,简要概括了玻璃微珠改性高聚物的新方法,展望了玻璃微珠的应用前景。     

聚羟基烷酸酯改性聚氯乙烯的研究

通过熔融共混的方法分别制备了聚氯乙烯/邻苯二甲酸二辛酯/聚羟基烷酸酯（PVC/DOP/PHA）和PVC/PHA共混物。研究了PHA逐步代替DOP对共混物力学性能和熔体流动性能的影响规律,利用扫描电子显微镜对所制备的试样进行微观结构分析。结果表明,随着共混体系中PHA用量的增加和DOP的等量减少,与PVC/DOP共混物相比,PVC/DOP/PHA共混物的拉伸强度由21 MPa提高至42 MPa,断裂伸长率先增加而后降低,在PHA含量为10.7 %(质量分数,下同)时出现极大值(350 %);在PVC/PHA体系中,PHA含量增加,PVC/PHA共混物的力学性能及熔体流动速率都显著提高,说明PHA可以作为PVC的一种有效的绿色增塑剂和增韧剂。     

Poly(2‐(methacryloyloxy) ethyl phosphorylcholine)‐functionalized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes: Preparation,characterization, solubility,and effects on blood coagulation

Water‐soluble multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were prepared via surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of 2‐(methacryloyloxy) ethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) from carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The success of the surface functionalization of MWNTs with poly(2‐(methacryloyloxy) ethyl phosphorylcholine) (pMPC) was ascertained using fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H‐NMR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Different from the results of the previous work, in our work, we demonstrate that the amount of pMPC on CNTs can be easily regulated by ATRP approach. In addition, from TGA results, a linear relationship between the weight loss fraction of MWNT‐pMPC and the weight of MPC fed and as high as 48.1% weight loss of MWNT‐pMPC (MWNTs grafted by pMPC) are observed. Through TEM, the core‐shell structure of MWNT‐pMPC is clearly observed, which is also different from the previous report. The pMPC‐modified MWNTs are highly soluble, which can also resist pH and saline concentration changes and remain stable in physiological environment. PMPC‐modified MWNT does not significantly affect the blood coagulation as demonstrated in plasma recalcification time (PRT) test. These highly soluble MWNTs are expected to enable their wide use in biomedical areas. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Self‐organization of amphiphilic poly[2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl phosphorylcholine] carrying tocopheryl moieties as terminal groups

Poly[2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl phosphorylcholine](PMPC) with one pendant tocopheryl moiety at the polymer terminus (PMPC‐Toco) was prepared by the radical polymerization of 2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) initiated with 4,4′‐azobis[(3‐tocopheryl)‐4‐cyanopentanoate] in the presence of 2‐mercaptoethanol as a chain transfer reagent. The self‐organization of PMPC‐Toco was analyzed with fluorescence and ¹H‐NMR measurements. The critical micelle concentrations of PMPC‐Toco with [η] = 0.25, 0.13, 0.10, and 0.05 dL g^?1 were found to be 200, 100, 100, and 90 mg L^?1, respectively. The blood compatibility of PMPC‐Toco was evaluated from the Michaelis constant (K_m) for the enzymatic reaction of thrombin and a synthetic substrate, S‐2238, in the presence of PMPC‐Toco. The K_m values were 0.21, 0.23, 0.36, and 0.21 for PMPC‐Toco‐1, 2, 3, and PMPC ([η] = 0.56 dL g^?1), respectively. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Thermal degradation mechanisms of poly[diethyl 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl phosphate] by Py-GC/MS

Thermal decomposition properties of poly[diethyl 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethylphosphate] (PDMP) were studied using a stepwise pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (stepwise Py-GC/MS) method. The individual mass chromatograms of the various pyrolysates were correlated with the pyrolysis temperature in order to elucidate the degradation mechanisms. The scission of PDMP in helium atmosphere showed the presence of two-stage pyrolysis regions. Triethylphosphate reached maximum evolution at the initial pyrolysis temperature, indicating that scisson of PDMP was initiated by the selective cleavage at the chain end and phosphate ester side chain as the dominant pyrolysis mechanism in the first stage. This local instability at chain end and phosphate ester side chain might explain the thermal instability of PDMP at lower pyrolysis temperatures. Acetaldehyde and water, as major products, were formed in significant amounts above 300 °C, indicating that random chain scission became the dominant pyrolysis mechanism in the second stage. Thus, the random chain scission reaction favored the occurrence of crosslinking and cyclization through chain transfer of carbonization catalyzed by phosphate ester along with the evolution of the arylene-containing and cyclic compounds. From mechanism analysis of PDMP pyrolysis, the introduction of a chemically bonded phosphorous-containing pendant group could promote its fire retardancy to form the high char yield of solid residue.     

表面接枝MPC硅水凝胶的制备及生物学评价

采用常压辉光放电等离子体处理硅水凝胶材料表面并引发2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基磷酰胆碱（MPC）在其表面接枝聚合。硅水凝胶膜接枝MPC后,水接触角由103°下降到53°,表明接枝MPC后硅水凝胶材料具有良好的亲水性。采用四唑盐比色实验（MTT法）和直接接触细胞培养法评价材料对鼠成纤维细胞（1929）的细胞毒性,结果显示,与硅水凝胶一起培养的细胞生长状况良好,呈现较高的细胞相对增殖率,细胞毒性为1级,血小板粘附实验显示接枝MPC的硅水凝胶表面吸附的血小板数量明显减少。     

Electropolymerization of 2‐methacryloyloxy(ethyl) acetoacetate on aluminum using a novel initiation method

Electropolymerization has been used as a method to form polymers on graphite fibers and metals. Most of the previous studies have involved either the use of sulfuric acid as an initiator or direct reduction or oxidation of monomers to form the polymers. In this article, α‐bromoisobutyronitrile (BrIBN) was used as a new electrochemical initiator to form polymer coatings on an aluminum cathode. The reduction of BrIBN on a glassy carbon electrode was examined using cyclic voltammetery. It was found that BrIBN could be reduced to isobutyronitrile radicals at potentials below the reduction potential of water. The reduction behavior of BrIBN was found to be similar in aqueous, semiaqueous, and nonaqueous solutions. 2‐Methacryloyloxy(ethyl) acetoacetate was then electropolymerized on aluminum using the BrIBN as the initiator and lithium perchlorate as a supporting electrolyte. Defect‐free coatings were formed at half‐cell potentials of less than −1.20 V. The effect of various process variables on the polymerization kinetics under potentiostatic conditions is reported. The coating thickness increased with polymerization time, monomer concentration, and initiator concentration. A strong dependence of thickness on monomer concentration was observed. As expected, there was weak dependence on the initiator concentration. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 71: 1665–1675, 1999     

生物降解材料聚(乳酸-乙醇酸)研究进展

生物降解材料聚(乳酸-乙醇酸)(PLGA)具有良好的生物相容性，在药物缓释材料、组织工程材料、手术缝合线等医用领域有广泛的应用。综述了PLGA的合成、性能与应用，尤其是详细介绍了PLGA类生物降解高分子的合成研究进展，指出简单易行的以乳酸、乙醇酸等单体为原料的直接缩聚法合成值得关注。     

Poly [2-(cinnamoyloxy)ethyl methacrylate-co-octamethacryl-POSS] nanocomposites: Synthesis and properties

Poly [2-(cinnamoyloxy)ethyl methacrylate-co-octamethacryl-POSS] nanocomposites were synthesized from octamethacryl-POSS and 2-(cinnamoyloxy)ethyl methacrylate (CEM) by free radical polymerization. The chemical structures and morphologies of these nanocomposites were determined by FTIR, ²⁹Si NMR, energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The XRD data showed that the materials were amorphous in nature, indicating that POSS formed an aggregate instead of a crystalline form in the polymer matrix. The POSS-CEM nanocomposites exhibited high thermal stability. Excitation and emission of the CEM-incorporated POSS nanocomposites, studied in the solid state, exhibited blue emission with CIE (x, 0.178; y, 0.137) coordinates, in addition to an emission intensity that increased with increasing CEM (monomer) concentration.     

Metal ion extraction behavior of poly([2(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride-co-acrylic acid) resin

SUMMARY The crosslinked poly([2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethyl ammonium chloride-co-acrylic acid) was tested as adsorbent for Cd(II), Hg(II), Zn(II), Pb(II), Cr(III), and U(VI) by batch equilibrium procedure. At pH 5.0 the adsorbent retained 74% (1.865 meq/g) of U(VI) with a maximum capacity of load of 2.7 meq/g (108 mg/g). The resin-U(VI) equilibrium was achieved around of 1 h which is considered adequate for a heterogeneous reaction. It showed a high selectivity for U(VI) respect to all the other metal ions both from competitive and non-competitive conditions. The recovery of the resin was over 65% by H₂SO₄ and Na₂CO₃. Received: 5 April 1999/Revised version: 14 July 1999/Accepted: 27 July 1999