基于方向自适应十字搜索的快速块匹配运动估计算法

提出了一种方向自适应十字搜索算法,通过自适应地使用小十字模板、大十字模板和四种方向的T形模板,有效地减少了搜索点数,提高了搜索速度.实验结果表明,该算法在保持与菱形搜索(DS)、正方形-菱形搜索(SDS)、十字-菱形搜索(CDS)和小十字-菱形搜索(SCDS)四种算法相同搜索精度的同时,速度上比DS、SDS、CDS和SCDS算法分别提高了74.65%、39.78%、42.44%和7.84%.     

一种用于运动估计的十字六边形搜索算法

提出了一种十字六边形搜索算法用于快速运动估计。该算法利用了运动矢量的中心偏置性和相关性，运动估计时通过预测确定搜索起始点，在搜索前期利用十字模板结合提前退出技术优先搜索起始点附近的局部区域，后期则改用六边形模板扩大搜索范围并完成运动估计。实验证明该算法与原始的六边形搜索算法相比平均减少了45%的搜索点数，与一些新的快速搜索算法相比，在搜索精度基本相似的情况下也有效地降低了运动估计的运算复杂度。     

基于连续消除的六边形自适应搜索算法

结合连续消除算法提出了一种新的运动估计算法——基于连续消除的六边形自适应搜索算法，该算法采用六边形和小菱形搜索模板，并利用连续消除算法对每个待匹配点进行判断，减少待匹配点的个数。试验结果表明，该算法的搜索速度优于现有的快速运动估计算法，搜索精度接近于全搜索算法。     

基于方向自适应十字搜索的快速块匹配运动估计算法*

提出了一种方向自适应十字搜索算法,通过自适应地使用小十字模板、大十字模板和四种方向的T形模板,有效地减少了搜索点数,提高了搜索速度。实验结果表明,该算法在保持与菱形搜索（DS）、正方形—菱形搜索（SDS）、十字—菱形搜索（CDS）和小十字—菱形搜索（SCDS）四种算法相同搜索精度的同时,速度上比DS、SDS、CDS和SCDS算法分别提高了74.65%、39.78%、42.44%和7.84%。     

一种有效的自适应运动估计搜索算法

提出了一种新的基于运动矢量场、方向自适应和半像素搜索的快速搜索算法(M-DAHS)。该算法根据图像序列运动矢量场的中心偏置性和时空相关性进行预判,对静止块设定阈值直接终止搜索;非静止块根据运动类型自适应选择搜索起始点和搜索策略。搜索模板具有很强的方向自适应性,对于小运动块采用菱形-线性搜索,其他块使用六边形-菱形搜索算法。整像素搜索完毕后,再以十字优先原则进行半像素搜索。实验结果表明,该算法性能优越,搜索速度快,搜索精度高,且搜索精度可以非常接近全搜索算法。     

H.264块运动估计自适应快速搜索算法研究

H.264视频编解码标准中由于运动搜索部分占整个编码时间的权重很大,所以运动搜索算法的优劣直接影响整个编码的效率。对编码运动估计理论进行了研究,采用六边形和小菱形相结合的方法,提出了一种新的自适应快速搜索算法来改善搜索效率。自适应快速搜索算法模式由当前块运动强度来决定,当当前块处于剧烈运动时,该算法选择六边形图形搜索算法;当当前块处于缓慢运动时,该算法选择小菱形图形搜索算法。实验结果表明该算法相比其他自适应算法以及单纯使用一种搜索图形节约了搜索时间,同时率失真性能影响甚微。     

基于可变分块尺寸的多模板运动估计算法

H.264视频编码标准中, 运动估计占用了编码器极大的计算量. 针对快速块匹配运动估计, 提出了一种基于可变分块尺寸的多模板六边形搜索算法. 该算法根据H.264中七种不同的宏块划分, 自适应地采用大六边形和水平扁六边形、竖直扁六边形等模板来进行运动估计. 相对于传统六边形算法, 在增加匹配灵活性的同时, 还可以更好地覆盖整个分块. 仿真结果表明, 在重建图像质量接近全搜索(Full search, FS)的同时, 比六边形算法减少了约10%的搜索点数.     

基于多模板搜索的快速运动估计算法

提出了一种采用多个六边形模板进行快速块匹配运动估计的新方法。该算法(MPMVFAST)充分利用了序列图像中运动矢量场的中心偏置特性和时空相关性,根据运动类型自适应的选择搜索策略和搜索起始点,结合垂直和水平方向的两个六边形搜索模板,并采用内部简易搜索算法,同时利用有效的判断中止准则结束搜索。与现有算法相比,该算法有效地减少了搜索点数,搜索精度接近于全搜索法。     

H.264中快速运动估计UMHexagonS算法的改进

在对H.264中非对称十字型多层次六边形格点搜索算法(UMHexagonS)研究的基础上,针对其存在运算量大、耗时等问题提出两方面的改进.首先,利用对称十字模板替换原来的5x5螺旋搜索,减少了64%的搜索点数;其次,利用对象内部代价的相关性提出自适应搜索长度方法,以减少运算量.在JM10.1测试模型上进行了验证.实验结...     

基于矢量相关性的自适应运动估计搜索算法

为了减少运动估计的计算量,提高视频压缩编码的效率,提出了一种基于矢量相关性的自适应运动估计搜索算法(简称NAME算法),该算法通过判断当前所要编码块的左、上、右上3个相邻块所对应的运动矢量之间的相关性,将所要编码的块划分为相关类型块和独立类型块,并自适应地对相关类型块和独立类型块采用不同的搜索方式以减少搜索点数并保证搜索准确度。仿真结果表明,该算法与全搜索、菱形搜索和六边形搜索等快速算法相比,在保证图像质量的前提下,搜索速度有了明显的提高。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.