功能性矿物净化材料在纸面石膏板中的应用研究

纸面石膏板广泛应用于室内装饰装修中,研发出具有甲醛净化功能的纸面石膏板很有必要。开展了功能性矿物净化材料在纸面石膏板中的应用研究。结果表明:净醛剂与矿物材料复合有利于提高石膏的力学性能和净化性能。1%矿物材料复合1%净醛剂的条件下,石膏试块的抗折强度提高25.14%,抗压强度提高8.62%,粘接性能无变化;板材净化性能达到96.6%,甲醛净化效果持久性达到91.3%,相比单加净醛剂的石膏板,环境仓内甲醛最高浓度降低39%,净化速率提高60%~70%。     

净化空气矿棉板的制备及其净化甲醛性能研究

采用光触媒改性的涂料刷涂于矿棉板基板表面,制成一种净化空气矿棉板.以甲醛为去除对象,用静态方法,考察了净化空气矿棉板的净化性能,同时分析了甲醛初始量、相对湿度、温度对净化效率的影响.结果表明,涂料中光触媒的质量分数和涂料的涂刷量都对矿棉板的净化性能有显著影响:在30W日光灯照射下,维持温度21℃,相对湿度60%,甲醛原液注入量为10μL,净化空气矿棉板对甲醛的净化效率可达96.3%;降解效率随甲醛滴入量增加而增大.该矿棉板能有效去除甲醛,且性能稳定,适用于室内有害气体净化.     

纳米生态酶空气材料及其在空气净化器中的应用

采用高分子材料与ACF复合,负载生态酶催化剂、纳米银杀菌剂,合成纳米复合空气净化材料;检测合成材料对甲醛的长期净化能力、负载生态酶催化剂对甲醛自动催化分解能力和复合材料抗菌能力;用KJ180-TGS型、Q-12型空气净化器作为检测机型,分别空气中甲醛对比测试。结果表明：净化器在4min内甲醛净化率达100％;净化材料对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌抗菌率为100％;该材料是一种新型高效空气净化材料,可以替代现有空气净化器内所有净化材料。     

空气水质净化功能透水混凝土

本文介绍了光触媒的原理,光触媒材料在空气、水质净化方面的作用,研究了透水混凝土结合光触媒材料而制成的一种全新的空气、水质净化功能透水水混凝土。     

探讨光触媒类材料对室内装修的季节性影响

光触媒类材料作为一种无污染、低成本的环保材料被专家研究发现,该材料不仅自身无污染,而且对室内装修所产生的甲醛、氨、苯和二甲苯等空气污染物的降效作用尤其明显,并且可以持久利用。本文就温度、光照、湿度对光触媒类材料降解效果的影响,结合江西省南昌市气候特征,总结出该地区室内装修的最佳时间,可以使光触媒类材料作用发挥到最大,达到较短时间内有效降低空气污染物的最佳效果。     

室内空气净化内墙涂料甲醛二次污染研究

室内空气净化内墙涂料,即具有空气净化功能的室内装修装饰涂料,一般具有净化甲醛等有害物质的功能。研究表明,随着室内空气净化内墙涂料的使用,在一定条件下,可能会将甲醛重新释放出来,造成对室内环境的二次污染。对多批次的室内空气净化内墙涂料二次污染进行测试研究,结果表明随着室内空气净化内墙涂料产品的使用,存在将甲醛重新释放回室内环境的风险。最后提出对室内空气净化内墙涂料甲醛二次污染的相关建议。     

人造板材游离甲醛清除剂的研究及其应用

采用组合配方法,由甲醛清除剂A、B、水溶性高分子成膜剂、活性离子化合物、高效渗透剂合成甲醛清除剂,采用GB／T17657—1999干燥器法,测定人造板材涂敷甲醛清除剂前后的游离甲醛释放量。实验数据表明：该产品对E1、E2级人造板材中的游离甲醛去除率可达98％以上,对超标严重的高释放量甲醛的人造板材,游离甲醛去除率在95．25％～98．32％。以该产品与市场销售的5种甲醛清除剂进行了对比测试,甲醛捕集率均高于现有上市产品。讨论了甲醛清除剂对游离甲醛去除机理。     

纳米光触媒涂料--为铝塑复合板增添新的功能

纳米光触媒因能分解空气中的有机物及浮游菌，从而达到杀菌、抑菌、净化空气、预防病毒感染等功效，成为当今世界热门抢手的商品。而纳米光触媒的另一个特性还鲜为人知，这就是它所具有的自洁功能。建筑业中建筑物外檐的清洁问题，一直是困扰建筑容貌管理部门、环境卫生部门、建筑装饰材料生产行业和物业业主的一大难题，目前唯一解决的     

速装型PVC石膏饰面墙体系统

采用纸面石膏板贴附PVC膜与轻钢龙骨组合安装的PVC石膏饰面墙体系统，近日在天津可耐福石膏板公司研发成功。该产品的饰面板是将纸面石膏板与具有丰富图案和装饰效益的PVC膜进行粘压复合，形成可直接安装无需二次施工的板材。安装时，在轻钢龙骨框架上固定金     

新品推介

建材领域的新品种——拉法基复合保温石膏板；能够分解甲醛的涂料——“考拉”室内净化涂料；恒益开辟木地板发展新领域；世界首家抗菌玻璃在我国批量生产；     

Use of air-cleaning devices to create airborne particle-free spaces intended to alleviate allergic rhinitis and asthma during sleep

Comprehensive quantitative experiments were performed to assess the capabilities of several air-cleaning devices to create a particle-free microenvironment as a therapy for sleeping persons affected by allergic rhinitis and asthma. Six devices were evaluated, of which five were portable and intended to provide general air cleaning for bedroom-sized spaces. The sixth was intended for installation in front of the headboard of a bed and was designed to provide clean air focused in a space occupied by a sleeping person. The air-cleaning methods of the selected devices included high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtering and electrostatic precipitation. Particle concentration measurements for six particle-size ranges and sound intensity measurements were made during 8-h, sleep-simulating periods. The effects of four parameters were studied: (i) device location, (ii) controlled air motion in the laboratory, (iii) airflow rate setting of the air-cleaning device, and (iv) controlled disturbances. To ensure a totally objective study, a special laboratory facility was constructed which enabled complete control of the experimental conditions. The measured concentration histories provided comprehensive evidence of the relative capabilities of the various devices for the specific air-cleaning function. It was found that the device designed to focus the cleaned air in the sleeping space fulfilled its goal and, in that regard, was clearly superior to all of the other air-cleaning devices. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: There is evidence that allergic reactions are triggered by the presence of airborne particles and that these reactions can be mitigated by particle removal. This strategy can be implemented by the use of air-cleaning devices which are capable of creating particle-free zones at locations where human activity occurs. In particular, the creation of a particle-free zone which encompasses the breathing space of a sleeping person holds promise of mitigating sleep-disturbing allergic reactions.     

Photodegradation of phenol using TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>, ZnO and TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>/ZnO catalysts in an annular reactor

In recent years the incorporation of ZnO as a semiconductor into other catalysts, for enhancing photodegradation processes, has gained attention. This paper describes the synthesis of a blend of metal oxide (TiO₂/ZnO) photocatalyst and subsequent testing of the catalyst for the degradation of phenol in an annular photoreactor. The concentration of phenol before and after degradation was determined using Ultra-Violet-Spectroscopy (UV-Vis). Calcined TiO₂/ZnO composite material with a mass loading ratio of 1: 1 exhibited the highest percentage phenol removal compared to the unblended TiO₂ and ZnO systems at pH 7.2 and temperature of 25°C. It was shown that about 98% phenol degradation could be achieved at initial phenol concentration of 10; 20 and 50 ppm, except for 100 ppm which gave less than 50% degradation. Thus, TiO₂/ZnO blend as photocatalyst can be used for degradation of phenol in water. The pseudo-first order reaction kinetics fitted well the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model in almost all concentration ranges tested.     

螺旋升流塔式光催化反应器的设计研究

采用颗粒污染物的旋流分离模型设计了螺旋升流塔式光催化反应器,能够在悬浮态光催化反应系统中提高光催化剂的回收率.反应器采用塔式结构布置,能有效提高反应器的光照面积与反应液体积之比(A/V值),在本试验条件下A/V值可达到12.95.采用该反应器处理硝基苯模拟废水,当硝基苯初始浓度为466 mg/L时,反应器对硝基苯的去除率稳定在60%左右,运行12 h后对光催化剂的回收率为92.80%.     

Experimental study on chitosan composite flocculant for treating papermaking wastewater

k]In this study, the coagulating effect of a novel composite flocculant on treating papermaking wastewater was studied and discussed. Results indicated that it achieved the best coagulating effect when this composite flocculant consisting of 60 mg/l of polymerized ferrous sulfate, 2 mg/l of polyacrylamide and 0.4 mg/l of chitosan, and pH value of wastewater was adjusted to 7.5. It also observed that the removal rate of COD and SS with this novel composite flocculant reached 72.5% and 98.5% respectively. Compared with the conventional flocculant such as polyacrylamide/polyaluminium chloride, the percentage of removing COD and SS using this composite flocculant were increased by 15.2% and 6.4% respectively, moreover, its input cost was cut down by 18.4%. So this composite flocculant has significantly environmental and economic benefits.     

有机复合脱氮剂/吹脱法与直接吹脱法的除氨对比

自制一种以乳酸乙酯为主体的有机复合脱氮剂,并对比了直接吹脱法和有机复合脱氮剂/吹脱法对氨氯的去除效果.结果表明,有机复合脱氮剂/吹脱法对氨氮的去除率可达99.99%以上,废水中剩余氨氮的浓度最低可达0.2 mg/L.有机复合脱氮剂/吹脱法的最佳pH比直接吹脱法的低,节省了加碱量;其最佳气液比是直接吹脱法的1/10,大大节约了能耗.有机复合脱氮剂/吹脱法前0.5 h的平均吹脱速率是直接吹脱法的2倍.在常温条件下,其吹脱1.5 h后对氨氮的去除率比直接吹脱6 h的高;而在加热条件下,其吹脱1 h后对氨氮的去除率就比直接吹脱6 h的高,从而大大缩短了吹脱时间.     

PAFS-PDMDAAC复合絮凝剂的除磷效果研究

针对生物除磷稳定性差、效果欠佳的问题，研发了PAFS—PDMDAAC复合絮凝剂，考察了复合絮凝剂中PDMDAAC的复合比、污水pH值及复合絮凝剂投量对除磷效果的影响。结果表明，将絮凝剂配成质量分数为10％的液体，在PDMDAAC复合比为5％、液体复合絮凝剂投量为1．6～2．4mL／L、污水pH值为7～13的优化条件下，对模拟废水中磷的去除率〉97％，除浊率〉99．40％。同时考察了在优化试验条件下复合絮凝剂对实际污水的除磷效果，结果表明，除磷率达98．42％，除浊率为98．53％，出水中磷浓度可达到国家一级排放标准。     

一种液体吸收剂对甲醛去除效果的研究

本文运用SWEMA Y-BOAT-100多功能测试系统以及智能气体探测器对环境试验舱内的甲醛污染源的被动式和主动式自然衰减以及一种液体吸收剂对甲醛污染源的吸收效果做了实验研究以及结果分析。实验结果表明该液体吸收剂对甲醛污染源有良好的去除效果。它在未来的室内甲醛净化领域中有非常重要的应用价值。     

纳米光催化材料消除空气中低浓度甲醛的实验研究

通过与活性碳纤维吸附性能的对比,分析了纳米光催化材料消除甲醛的性能。实验研究了甲醛初始体积分数、TiO2质量分数和外界条件（温度、相对湿度和气流速度）对光催化性能的影响。实验结果表明,纳米光催化材料比单纯的活性碳纤维对甲醛的消除性能有一定程度的提高;单因素影响下温度对光催化性能影响较大;多因素交互作用下温度和甲醛的初始体积分数对光催化性能的影响较大。     

Simultaneous urea hydrolysis, formaldehyde removal and denitrification in a multifed upflow filter under anoxic and anaerobic conditions

A multifed upflow filter (MUF), working under anoxic or anaerobic conditions, coupled with an aerobic biofilm airlift suspension (BAS) reactor was operated in order to treat a wastewater with high formaldehyde (up to 1.5 g L-1) and urea (up to 0.46 g L-1) concentrations. In the MUF, formaldehyde removal, denitrification and urea hydrolysis took place simultaneously. The MUF was operated at 37 degrees C, at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) ranging from 1 to 0.3 d. An organic loading rate (OLR) of 0.5 kg-formaldehyde m-3 d-1 was efficiently eliminated during anaerobic operation and transformed into methane, while a much higher OLR (up to 2 kg-formaldehyde m-3 d-1) was oxidised under anoxic conditions by the nitrite or nitrate from the nitrifying airlift. However, only 80% of urea was hydrolysed to ammonia in an anoxic environment while complete conversion occurred under anaerobic conditions. Moreover, formaldehyde concentrations higher than 50 mg L-1 provoked a loss of efficiency of urea hydrolysis, decreasing to 10% at formaldehyde concentrations above 300 mg L-1. Methane production rate during the anaerobic stage was adversely affected by accumulations of formaldehyde in the reactor causing lower formaldehyde removal efficiency. However, denitrification proceeded properly even at a formaldehyde concentration of 700 mg L-1 in the reactor, although nitrous oxide appears in the off-gas. The COD/N ratios required for complete nitrite and nitrate denitrification with formaldehyde were estimated at 2.1 and 3.5 kg-COD/kg-N, respectively.     

固定化生物活性炭强化饮用水深度处理

为比较固定化生物炭工艺与普通活性炭工艺的净水效果,以南方某水厂的滤后水为原水进行了试验。结果表明,固定化生物炭工艺对TOC的去除率稳定在40% ~50%,可以提高氨氮去除率30%;对三卤甲烷生成势(THMFP)的去除率比普通活性炭工艺提高了11% ~39%;对臭氧氧化副产物(甲醛)具有长期的去除效果。