辛辣食物中农药残留检测方法研究-第2部分:液相色谱-串联质谱法

目的建立液相色谱-串联质谱法对辣椒泥中27种农药残留进行快速筛查。方法样品经含1%乙酸的乙腈提取,分别采用基质分散固相萃取包AOAC Pouch和EN Pouch进行处理,采用液相色谱-串联质谱法检测。结果经对比发现,AOAC Pouch萃取包所获得的回收率明显优于ENPouch包;采用外标法定量,27种农药在1~500μg/L线性范围内相关系数均可达到0.99,平均回收率为40.1%~110.5%,RSD为1.5%~8.7%,检出限为0.01 mg/kg,可满足我国对辛辣食品限量标准的检测需求。结论本方法操作简便,经济实用,结果准确可靠,可用于辛辣类样品的农残快速筛查。     

固相微萃取-气相色谱-串联质谱法快速筛查葡萄酒中农药残留

目的建立固相微萃取-气相色谱-串联质谱法快速筛查检测葡萄酒中农药残留。方法葡萄酒样品稀释后进行固相微萃取,直接进行气相色谱-串联质谱检测。优化选择了萃取纤维类型、萃取方式、萃取时间等固相微萃取的实验条件,考察了方法性能(检出限、添加回收率和精密度等)。结果确定方法可检测目标农药为94种,其检出限10μg/L,平均回收率在60%~110%之间,且方法的重复性和再现性标准偏差分别在20%和30%之内。结论该检测方法操作简便、快速,单个样品分析时间不超过1 h,适用于葡萄酒中农药残留的快速筛查检测。     

QuEChERS-气相色谱-串联质谱法检测鱼腥草中121种农药残留

建立鱼腥草中121种农药残留的QuEChERS-气相色谱-串联质谱方法,并应用于68批样品筛查。对样品前处理和色谱方法进行优化。最终确定样品以乙腈进行提取,QuEChERS法进行净化处理,采用气相色谱-串联质谱在多反应监测模式下进行检测分析。121种农药在一定含量范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)均大于0.997 3;3个添加水平进行回收率实验表明,回收率在60%~140%范围内的农药数占总数的90.9%,86.8%的农药相对标准偏差小于15%。121种农药检出限(R_(SN)=3)范围为0.000 1~0.1 mg/kg,绝大多数小于0.01 mg/kg。68批样品种共检出27种农药。该方法简便、灵敏、准确,可用于鱼腥草中多农药残留的快速筛查与检测。检测结果为鱼腥草的种植生产和流通监管提供参考依据。     

新疆棉花及产地环境中保棉磷残留量的测定

探讨棉花中保棉磷的检测方法及新疆地区棉花中保棉磷的残留情况。采用气相色谱-串联质谱法对新疆不同产地的棉花及种植地环境样品(水和土壤)中保棉磷残留量进行检测分析。样品采用溶剂提取、固相萃取柱和基质分散剂净化。试验表明:不同样品的添加回收率在77.5%~86.9%之间,相对标准偏差在3.3%~7.1%之间;在0.05μg/mL~2.00μg/mL浓度范围之间线性关系良好;该方法的灵敏度、精密度和准确度均满足农药残留分析要求。认为气相色谱-串联质谱法适用于各类样品中保棉磷农药残留的快速筛查与定性、定量分析。     

QuEChERS-气相色谱-串联质谱法和高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速检测蔬菜中267种香港规例中的农药残留量

目的建立QuEChERS-气相色谱-串联质谱法(gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,GC-MS/MS)和高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,HPLC-MS/MS)快速检测供港蔬菜中267种香港规例农药残留量的方法。方法样品以1%(V:V)乙酸乙腈为提取溶剂,高速匀浆提取,采用改进的QuEChERS法进行净化后,经仪器测定。结果GC-MS/MS法中添加内标磷酸三苯酯校正回收率,样品由基质匹配标准曲线进行定量,所检测的118种农药在0.01-0.20 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均在0.995以上;HPLC-MS/MS用基质匹配标准曲线进行检测的149种农药在0.005~0.20 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数大于0.990。所有的农药定量限均小于0.01 mg/kg,各个浓度水平加标回收率为67.2%~120.7%,相对标准偏差为0.1%~17.7%(n=6)。结论本方法重现性和稳定性良好,定量限满足港澳以及世界各地对农残检测的要求,适用于供港蔬菜中农药多残留的高通量快速筛查及应急检测需要。     

气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱法对甜瓜中11种农药残留的测定

目的建立用气相色谱-串联质谱联用法检测甜瓜中甲胺磷等11种农药残留的分析方法。方法样品用QuEChERS法提取,经MgSO_4、PSA净化,气相色谱-串联质谱法测定,外标法定量。结果 11种农药在添加浓度为0.05、0.10、0.20 mg/kg水平时具有良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.991,回收率为80.10%~111.30%,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)范围为1.32%~11.00%,检出限在0.0003~0.01 mg/kg。结论该方法简便、快捷,准确性、精确性和灵敏度均满足农药残留分析的要求。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定茶叶中的11种农药残留

目的建立液相色谱-串联质谱法(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)测定茶叶中11种农药残留的分析方法。方法样品经乙腈提取,经石墨化炭黑/N-丙基乙二胺复合型固相萃取柱(graphite carbon black/primary secondary amine,GCB/PSA)净化,用液相色谱-串联质谱法测定。结果 11种农药浓度在0.005~0.20μg/m L范围内线性良好,线性相关系数均大于0.997,在0.01、0.05和0.10 mg/kg的添加水平下,回收率为66.0%~100.0%,相对标准偏差为2.2%~10.0%。结论本方法简便、快速、准确,适用于茶叶样品中11种农药残留量的检测。     

分散固相萃取-气相色谱串联质谱法检测大米中35种农药残留

目的 建立分散固相萃取-气相色谱串联质谱法测定大米中35种农药残留的分析方法。方法 采用QuEChERS方法对样品进行前处理。样品经乙腈提取, 盐析后, 提取液经N-丙基-乙二胺硅烷(N-propyl-ethylenediamine silane, PSA)和十八烷基硅胶(C18)分散固相材料净化后上机测定。用气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱仪进行多农残检测。结果 35种农药在50~1000 ng/mL之间呈良好的线性关系, 相关系数r均大于0.99。在0.02、0.1、0.2 mg/kg加标水平下, 35种农药的平均回收率为75.4%~128.6%, 相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD)为0.6%~10.8% (n=6)。结论 该方法快速、准确、灵敏, 适合测定大米中多种农药残留。     

GC-MS/MS法测定铁皮石斛中19种农药残留

建立固相萃取-气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱法测定铁皮石斛中19种农药残留的分析方法。石斛样品经乙腈提取,经ENVI-Carb/Florisil固相萃取小柱进行净化后,采用气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱法在多反应监测(MRM)模式下测定,外标法定量。19种农药成分在10μg/L~200μg/L范围内有良好的线性关系,相关系数在0.993 1~0.999 8范围内;19种农药成分在3个添加水平下(10、100、200μg/L),加标回收率范围为82.83%~109.29%,RSD%(n=5)为1.43%~5.74%;各农药成分的检出限均小于0.58μg/L。该方法可应用于石斛中多种农药残留的同时检测。     

气相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测梨中34种农药残留量

目的建立气相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测梨中34种农药残留量(包括有机磷、有机氯和拟除虫菊酯类农药)的方法。方法匀浆后的样品经乙腈(含1%乙酸)溶液提取,N-丙基乙二胺(primary secondary amine,PSA)净化,无水硫酸镁脱水,氮吹浓缩后,采用气相色谱-串联质谱多反应离子监测(multi reaction monitor,MRM)方法检测,外标法定量。结果 34种农药在0.001~0.1μg/m L的线性范围内均呈现良好的线性关系(r2为0.9973~0.9993)。0.01、0.10 mg/kg加标浓度下,各农药的平均回收率为83.3%~109.4%,相对标准偏差为1.3%~10.8%,该方法定量限为5.0μg/kg。结论该方法灵敏度高,准确性好,简便快速,适用于梨中多种农药残留量的检测。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the