不同泊松比复合材料层板应力强度因子的计算和断裂韧性

本文比较了两组具有不同平面泊松比的玻璃纤维／环氧树脂复合材料层板的断裂韧性和缺口断裂强度，发现低泊松比复合材料层板具有较高的断裂韧性和缺口断裂强度。并用复变函数－变分方法计算了不同的泊松比材料的应力强度因子，重点研究了应力强度因子与断裂韧性的关系。     

纤维增强聚合物复合材料界面残余热应力研究进展

本文综述了聚合物基纤维复合材料界面残余应力的形成，测定方法和各种理论分析方法，阐述了界面残余应力对办面粘结强度以及复合材料断裂韧性和强度的影响，最后对界面残余应力的控制方法作了评述。     

碳纤维／LAS玻璃陶瓷的界面,显微结构与力学性能

采用溶胶固化法制备了碳纤维（Ｃ＿ｆ）补强的锂铝硅（ＬＡＳ）玻璃陶瓷复合材料。研究了热压温度、压力与纤维含量对复合材料力学性能的影响。借助扫描电镜与理论计算，分析、讨论了纤维与基体的轴向与径向热不匹配，复合材料的显微结构对复合材料力学性能的影响，得到了抗弯强度σ＿ｂ＝７４０．４ＭＰａ，断裂韧性Ｋ＿（Ｉｃ）＝１９．５ＭＰａ。ｍ￣１／２的Ｃ＿ｆ／ＬＡＳ复合材料。     

不同泊松比复合材料的层板断裂韧性和裂纹尖端应力场

比较了两组具有不同平面泊松比的玻璃纤维／环氧树脂复合材料层板的断裂韧性和缺口断裂强度，发现低泊松比复合材料层板具有较高的断裂韧性和缺口断裂强度；用复变函数一变分方法计算了它们的裂纹尖端应力场；研究了主应力方向与纤维夹角的关系；结果表明：低泊松比材料独特的裂纹尖端应力场有利于提高缺口断裂强度。     

不同泊松比复合材料层板应力强度因子的计算

具有平面负泊松比的碳纤维／环氧树脂非平衡层复合材料具有很高的断裂韧性和缺口断裂强度。本文用复变函数－变分方法计算了负泊松比材料的应力强度因子,并与常规的平衡复合材料进行了比较。本文重点研究了应力强度因子与断裂韧性的关系。结果表明：负泊松比材料的缺口断裂强度高于常规铺层复合材料的缺口断裂强度。     

不同泊松比复合材料层板断裂韧性比较

本文设计制作了两组面内泊松比不同的复合材料层板，比较了它们的断裂韧性，发现泊松比为负的一组材料比常规平衡复合材料的断裂韧性高。最后，通过观察断口形貌分析了原因。     

环氧树脂微胶囊与潜伏性固化剂自修复体系断裂韧性的研究

微胶囊二元自修复系统对聚合物基复合材料在使用中产生的微小裂纹具有修复作用,但微胶囊和固化剂的加入会对基体材料的断裂韧性产生影响。本文研究了环氧树脂微胶囊和咪唑类潜伏性固化剂对聚合物基复合材料基体材料的断裂韧性的影响。采用环氧树脂E-51作为基体材料,三乙烯四胺为常温固化剂,咪唑类衍生物2MZ-Azine和实验室自制的包含环氧树脂芯材的微胶囊为材料制作断裂韧性拉伸试样。实验结果表明,当微胶囊的含量达到一定比例之前,基体材料的断裂韧性随着微胶囊含量的增加而增强,当微胶囊含量超过此比例后,基体材料的断裂韧性随着微胶囊含量的增加而减小,潜伏性固化剂的加入会增大基体材料的断裂韧性。这与环氧树脂材料增韧理论相符合。     

Al2O3纤维增强钛酸铝陶瓷

介绍了一种Al2O3纤维增强钛酸铝陶恣复合材料，在一定范围内随着Al2O3纤维含量的增加，复合材料的抗弯强度和断裂韧性均提高，当Al2O3纤维含量达到4.5%(体积分数）时抗弯强度和断裂韧性达到最大值，使钛酸铝基体材料分别提高近120％和75％。     

水热-热压耦合法制备陶瓷/碳复合材料及其性能研究

以埃洛石为模板、壳聚糖为碳源，通过水热制备埃洛石/碳；调控两者的质量比，热压得到陶瓷/碳复合材料。采用阿基米德排水法、三点弯曲测试和扫描电镜等研究埃洛石表面碳质量分数对复合材料的致密度、力学和导电性能的影响。结果表明，碳在热压中进一步碳化，埃洛石转变为莫来石，复合材料中碳均匀分布；随着埃洛石表面碳质量分数的增加，复合材料内部微裂纹增多，弯曲强度逐渐降低，但少量碳的添加增加了陶瓷的断裂韧性；当m(埃洛石)∶m(壳聚糖)为8时，复合材料的断裂韧性最高，比不添加碳的陶瓷提高了12.93%;当m(埃洛石)∶m(壳聚糖)为2时，复合材料的电导率最高，达到23.15 S/m。     

不同泊松比复合材料的裂纹尖端应力场

具有平面负泊松比的碳纤维/环氧树脂非平衡复合材料层板具有很高的断裂韧性和缺口断裂强度。本文用复变函数一变分方法计算了负泊比材料的裂纹尖端应力场，并与常规的平衡复合材料进行了比较。本文重点研究了主应力方向与纤维夹角的关系。结果表明：负泊松比材料独特的裂纹尖端应力场有利于提高缺口断裂强度。     

PEEK层间增韧碳纤维环氧树脂基复合材料的性能研究

为了改善碳纤维/环氧树脂(CF/EP)层合板层间断裂韧性较差的问题,采用预浸料层间涂层和模压工艺制备聚醚醚酮(PEEK)层间增韧CF/EP层合板。探究PEEK含量对CF/EP层合板Ⅱ型层间断裂韧性和冲击强度的影响。结果表明:PEEK的加入有效提高CF/EP层合板的Ⅱ型层间断裂韧性和冲击强度。当PEEK含量为2%,层合板的断裂韧性和冲击强度分别达到1 253 J/m²和259 kJ/m²,与纯层合板相比分别提高61.5%和32.8%。实验分析PEEK增韧机理,为研究高附加值复合材料产品提供参考。     

Analytical model to predict multiaxial laminate fracture toughness from 0° ply fracture toughness

The prediction of nominal strength is very important in the design and evaluation of materials especially polymer matrix composites. Various cohesive laws forms are successfully used in predicting the nominal strength of laminated composite structures. For composite structures, fracture toughness is dominated parameter when using cohesive laws to predict their nominal strength. In spite of complex reported models, this study propose an easy simple model to predict the fracture toughness of multidirectional composite laminates using the fracture toughness of the 0° ply ones. This model is mainly based on the geometry of fiber orientation and linear elastic fracture mechanics and uses the fracture toughness of the 0° ply obtained from compact tension test specimens. A good prediction is obtained by comparing the model results with experimental data which are obtained from center‐cracked specimens manufactured using different lay‐ups orientations and materials. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 54:234–238, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Temperature dependent fracture toughness model for whisker-reinforced ceramic matrix composites

A temperature dependent fracture toughness model for whisker-reinforced ceramic matrix composites was developed in this study, which considers the effects of matrix fracture toughness, residual thermal stress, crack bridging, crack deflection, and their temperature dependence. Its predicted results were compared with the fracture toughness of six types of whisker-reinforced ceramic matrix composites at different temperatures, and good agreement between predicted results and experimental results is obtained. Furthermore, based on this model, we systematically analyzed the effects of the volume fraction and aspect ratio of whisker, Young's modulus of matrix and whisker, thermal expansion coefficient difference, stress-free temperature, the ratio between the fracture energy of matrix and that of interface, on their temperature dependent fracture toughness for the first time. Finally, insights and suggestions which could help to optimize and improve the composite fracture toughness at different temperatures are provided.     

岩石Π型断裂韧度剖面的预测研究

水力裂缝的起裂、扩展和转向主要受岩石Π型断裂韧度的影响,岩石断裂韧度参数的获取对水力压裂施工设计有重要的影响。然而,直接测量岩石断裂韧度具有费用高、可用岩心数量有限、转向时间长等缺点,因此,本文在直切口巴西圆盘方法的基础上发展了Π型岩石断裂韧度新型测量法,并在在测井资料的基础上建立了求取岩石断裂韧度剖面的数学模型,为后续压裂施工设计提供了纵向上连续的准确的岩石断裂韧度数据。     

Fracture Toughness Anisotropy and Toughening Mechanisms of a Hot-pressed Alumina Reinforced with Silicon Carbide Whiskers

The fracture toughness of a hot-pressed alumina and that of a hot-pressed alumina/SiC-whisker composite containing 33 vol% SiC whiskers were measured by four-point bending on single-edge precracked bend bars having sharp precracks created by "bridge indentation." Two batches of the composite were examined, one exhibiting a greater degree of whisker clustering than the other. The fracture toughness of the alumina was around 4 MN·m^-3/2 whereas that of the composite varied between 5 and 8 MN·m^-3/2 depending on microstructural uniformity and crack-propagation direction. Crack deflection in combination with a change in fracture from intergranular to transgranular fracture is proposed as an explanation of the superior fracture toughness of SiC-whisker-reinforced alumina as compared to unreinforced alumina. The composite exhibited a variation in fracture toughness with the crack-propagation direction in identical crack planes. This effect could with good accuracy be described in terms of crack deflection for the composite with uniform whisker distribution. However, in the material with whisker clustering the variation of the fracture toughness with crack-growth direction was greater and could not entirely be explained by crack deflection.     

Effects of residual stresses on the fracture properties of non-oxide laminated composites

A layered ceramic composite in the AlN–SiC–MoSi₂ system was prepared with the outer layers under residual compressive stress. The mechanical properties of the constituent layers and of the laminated composite were measured. Due to the residual compressive stress, the fracture strength of the laminated composite was higher than the strength of the outer layer material. The fracture toughness of the laminar composite was evaluated by SEVNB. The resulting values were compared with a fracture mechanics model and a good agreement was found between the experimental measurements and the calculated apparent fracture toughness profile.     

Metal particle modification of composite matrices for customized density applications

A key aspect of composite technology lies in the ability to design a part to a specific strength and thickness. Recently, new applications were identified where it was desirable to vary the density in specific areas of a part. In this work, a model prepreg system was modified with fine metal and thermoplastic particles for specific weight tailoring. These particles were placed on the prepreg surface, forming a partially interlayer modified composite when laid up and cured. Experiments were performed on the specific gravity and fracture toughness of laminates made from the prepregs. The results showed that it is possible to tailor the density of a composite system without changing the manufacturing process or fracture toughness requirements.     

Steady-State Mechanics of Delamination Cracking in Laminated Ceramic-Matrix Composites

A fracture mechanics delamination cracking model has been developed for brittle-matrix composite laminates. The near-tip mechanics is discussed in the context of material orthotropy and composite material inhomogeneities. A fracture mechanics framework based on the near-tip energy release rate and the associated phase angle Ψ has been adopted. In the case of steady-state delamination cracking in a prenotched cross-ply symmetric laminated beam, analytical expressions for the steady-state energy release rate, _ss, have been obtained for the combined applied loading of an axial force and a bending moment. Parameter studies assessing the effects on _ss of load coupling, crack location, and lamination morphology which includes the total number of layers, layer thickness, and material properties are presented. Thus, composite homogenization criteria with respect to the total number of layers placed along the beam height can be obtained for a wide range of material selection. The associated phase angle Ψ at the delamination crack tip is discussed in the context of existing solutions. The analysis has been developed based on a theory for structural laminates. The delamination model can be used in conjunction with experimental data obtained from model geometries to extract the mixed-mode transverse composite fracture toughness. Thus, conditions for stable delamination crack growth can be established and design criteria based on toughness for composite laminates and composite fasteners can be obtained.     

A detailed experimental study of the effects of pre-bond contamination with a hydraulic fluid,thermal degradation,and poor curing on fracture toughness of composite-bonded joints

Adhesive bonding is applied by the aircraft industry both for assembling composite structural parts and implementing composite patch repairs in damaged structural parts. In both applications, there exist several scenarios, related to surface contamination and processing, that could affect bonding quality and thus, degrade bond strength. In this paper, the detailed effects of pre-bond contamination with a hydraulic fluid, thermal degradation of the composite substrate, as well as poor curing (lower curing temperature) on strength of composite-bonded joints were studied experimentally by conducting mode I fracture toughness tests on double-cantilever beam specimens. These three application scenarios are possible to appear in the implementation of a composite patch repair in a damaged composite structural part. The experimental results showed a contradictory effect as the presence of the hydraulic fluid and poor curing degrades the fracture toughness whereas thermal degradation enhances fracture toughness of the composite-bonded joints. These findings are explained by means of extended non-destructive inspection, surface analysis, and evaluation of fracture surfaces.