(PA1010/66)/SEBS-g-MAH/DIDP/BSBA共混物的制备与性能研究

将尼龙(PA)1010盐和PA66盐按照质量比为9∶1的比例制备了PA1010/66共聚物。选择(苯乙烯/乙烯-丁烯/苯乙烯)共聚物接枝马来酸酐(SEBS-g-MAH)和两种小分子增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯、N-丁基苯磺酰胺(D IDP、BSBA),采用共混挤出法制备了(PA1010/66)/SEBS-g-MAH/D IDP/BSBA共混物,并对其力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,随着SEBS-g-MAH含量的增加,共混物的冲击强度明显提高。当SEBS-g-MAH质量分数为15%时,其缺口冲击强度为72.7 kJ/m2,是PA1010/66共聚物的16倍左右;拉伸强度保持率是PA1010/66共聚物的83%左右。通过SEM研究发现,SEBS-g-MAH对PA1010/66共聚物的增韧机理为银纹剪切带增韧机理。     

PA11/PA1010共混物的性能研究

采用熔体共混的方法制备了聚酰胺11/聚酰胺1010(PA11/PA1010)共混物,通过力学性能和差示扫描量热(DSC)测试,研究了PA11/PA1010共混物的力学与结晶性能。测试结果表明:PA1010对PA11同时具有增韧、增强作用;当PA11/PA1010为70/30时,共混物开始出现两个结晶峰和低温熔融峰;共混物的结晶和熔融以PA11为主,兼具有PA11和PA1010的优良性能;断裂伸长率、拉伸强度与缺口冲击强度均达到极大值。     

PA1010含量对PLA/PA1010共混物性能的影响

通过双螺杆挤出机制备了不同尼龙1010含量的聚乳酸/尼龙1010 (PLA/PA1010)共混物。用差示扫描量热分析(DSC)、熔体质量流动速率(MFR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、力学性能测试等方法研究了PLA/PA1010共混物的结晶行为、断面形态和力学性能。研究表明,加入PA1010后,改善了聚乳酸的结晶能力,特别是当PA1010质量分数为10%时,对促进聚乳酸的结晶比较有效。当PA1010质量分数为10%时,熔体黏度最小,熔体质量流动速率最好,充分显示出PA1010较好的熔体流动性。共混物力学性能测试结果表明,当PA1010质量分数达到10%时,共混物的断裂伸长率和缺口冲击强度分别达到最佳值;分别为13. 43%和3. 84 k J/m~2,与纯PLA相比分别提高了52. 79%和19. 63%。     

氯化乙丙橡胶增容PVC/SBS共混体系的研究

以氯化乙丙橡胶(CEPDM)为相容剂,研究了SBS对PVC的共混增韧改性。结果表明CEPDM能明显改善SBS与PVC的相容性,使共混物中SBS颗粒尺寸明显减小,分布更均匀,共混物的t_g内移,常温和低温下缺口冲击强度增大。当PVC/SBS/CEPDM为80/20/6(质量比)时,共混物的常温缺口冲击强度为56.3kJ/m~2,低温(-20℃)缺口冲击强度为32.4kJ/m~2。     

MAH-g-SBS对SBS/PA6共混体系力学性能的影响

采用马来酸酐(MAH)熔融接枝热塑性弹性体(SBS),然后再与PA6进行共混的改性方法。研究了MAH接枝SBS时引发剂过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)的用量为0.05%和0.1%时对PA6力学性能的影响,着重研究了SBS-g-MAH的加入对PA6低温冲击性能的影响。结果表明:当共混物中SBS-g-MAH含量为40%时,共混物的常温冲击强度提高了3.4倍,低温(-30℃)冲击强度提高了4倍,得到了韧性较高的PA6/SBS的共混材料。     

超高相对分子质量聚乙烯接枝丙烯酸的制备

以丙烯酸为单体,采用γ射线辐照引发技术制备了超高相对分子质量聚乙烯接枝丙烯酸(UHMWPE- g-AA);利用傅里叶变换红外光谱和差示扫描量热法表征了接枝物的结构和热性能;用化学滴定法测定了接枝物的接枝率;研究了UHMWPE-g-AA对聚酰胺(PA)1010/UHMWPE-g-AA/UHMWPE共混物力学性能的影响。实验表明：接枝物在1716cm~(-1)处有明显的羰基特征吸收峰,说明AA分子确实被接枝到UHMWPE分子链上;接枝率随单体浓度、辐照剂量及辐照时间的增加而增加;加入UHMWPE-g-AA后,UHMWPE与PA1010的相容性得到了改善,PA1010/UHMWPE-g-AA/UHMWPE共混物的缺口冲击强度是PA1010/UHMWPE共混物的1.5倍,达到72J/m。     

PA6/PP/SEBS-g-MAH共混物的相容性研究

采用马来酸酐接枝(氢化苯乙烯/丁二烯/苯乙烯)共聚物(SEBS-g-MAH)作为增容剂,研究了增容剂用量对尼龙6/聚丙烯(PA6/PP)共混体系相态结构、力学性能的影响,以及在相同增容剂用量下不同PA6、PP配比对体系相形态的影响。结果表明,SEBS-g-MAH中的酸酐基团能与PA6末端的氨基发生化学反应,在PA6和PP的内表面形成PA6-SEBS接枝共聚物,明显改善了两相的界面相容性,并使共混物的力学性能得到显著提高。共混物冲击断面形貌的分析表明,共混物发生了明显的脆韧转变。     

GMA熔融接枝SBS及其对PA6增容研究

采用活性单体甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)对(苯乙烯／丁二烯／苯乙烯)嵌段共聚物(SBS)进行熔融接枝,制备了GMA接枝SBS(SBS-g-GMA)。用化学滴定方法测定其接枝率,考察了单体GMA和引发剂过氧化二异丙苯的用量对接枝率的影响;测试了尼龙6(PA6)／SBS-g-GMA共混物的拉伸性能和冲击性能,并用扫描电子显微镜观察了PA6／SBS-g-GMA共混物的形态结构。结果表明,用SBS-g-GMA增韧PA6可获得很好的效果。     

St-AN-GMA对PPS/PA66共混物结构与性能的影响

采用苯乙烯-丙烯腈-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(St-AN-GMA)作为聚苯硫醚/尼龙66(PPS/PA66)的相容剂,并研究其对共混物结构与性能的影响。通过对共混物力学性能、相容性、热性能、断面形貌的研究表明:当St-AN-GMA质量分数在4%左右时,共混物的综合力学性能较好;随着St-AN-GMA用量的增加,共混物中PPS与PA66的玻璃化转变温度(θg)相互靠近,改善了共混物的相容性;St-AN-GMA影响了共混物的结晶与熔融行为;St-AN-GMA的加入有利于PA66在PPS中的分散,且分散相粒径尺寸较小。     

SBS/PS共混物力学性能及老化行为研究

通过熔融共混法制备苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)/聚苯乙烯(PS)共混物,研究共混物的力学性能、熔体流动速率、耐热性能及耐老化性能。结果表明,随着PS质量分数由0增加到40%,SBS/PS共混物拉伸屈服强度由4.71 MPa增至12.11 MPa;SBS/PS的冲击强度呈现下降趋势;SBS/PS共混物的熔体流动速率由0.60g/10min下降至0.14g/10min,SBS/PS共混物的维卡软化点由53.8℃升到72.1℃。热氧、光氧、人工气候老化试验发现,随着PS用量的增加,SBS/PS共混物的耐热氧、耐光氧及耐老化能力增强。     

MORPHOLOGY,CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIORS,AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PA1010/HIPS AND PA1010/HIPS-g-MA BLENDS

The binary blends of polyamide 1010 (PA1010) with the high-impact polystyrene (HIPS)/maleic anhydride (MA) graft copolymer (HIPS-g-MA) and with HIPS were prepared using a wide composition range. Different blend morphologies were observed by scanning electron microscopy according to the nature and content of PA1010 used. Compared with the PA1010/HIPS binary blends, the domain sizes of dispersed-phase particles in PA1010/HIPS-g-MA blends were much smaller than that in PA1010/HIPS blends at the same compositions. It was found that the tensile properties of PA1010/HIPS-g-MA blends were obviously better than that of PA1010/HIPS blends. Wide-angle x-ray diffraction analyses were performed to confirm that the number of hydrogen bonds in the PA1010 phase decreased in the blends of PA1010/HIPS-g-MA. These behaviors could be attributed to the chemical interactions between the two components and good dispersion in PA1010/HIPS-g-MA blends.     

Morphology,thermal behavior,and mechanical properties of PA1010/PP and PA 1010/PP-g-GMA blends

The modification of polypropylene (PP) was accomplished by melt grafting glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) on its molecular chains. The resulting PP-g-GMA was used to prepare binary blends of polyamide 1010 (PA1010) and PP-g-GMA. Different blend morphologies were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) according to the nature and content of PA1010 used. Comparing the PA1010/PP-g-GMA and PA1010/PP binary blends, the size of the domains of PP-g-GMA were much smaller than that of PP at the same compositions. It was found that mechanical properties of PA1010/PP-g-GMA blends were obviously better than that of PA1010/PP blends, and the mechanical properties were significantly influenced by wetting conditions for uncompatibilized and compatibilized blends. A different dependence of the flexural modulus on water was found for PA1010/PP and PA1010/PP-g-GMA. These behaviors could be attributed to the chemical interactions between the two components and good dispersion in PA1010/PP-g-GMA blends. Thermal and rheological analyses were performed to confirm the possible chemical reactions taking place during the blending process. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 64: 1489–1498, 1997     

尼龙1010／乙丙共聚物共混体系形态与性能研究

在过氧化二异丙苯（ＤＣＰ）的引发下，用反应挤出的方法制备了乙丙共聚物接枝甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯（ＥＰＭ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ）。用Ｂｒａｂｅｎｄｅｒ单螺杆挤出机制备了不同组成的ＥＰＭ／尼龙１０１０及ＥＰＭ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ／尼龙－１０１０的共混物，用电子显微镜观察了不同共混组成的形态，与ＥＰＭ／尼龙１０１０共混体系相比，ＥＰＭ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ／尼龙１０１０体系中ＥＰＭ在尼龙１０１０中分散相尺寸明显降低，ＥＰＭ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ     

尼龙1010／马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯共混体系结晶行为和力学性能的研究

将尼龙1010与马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯进行熔融共混,使用DSC、扫描电镜等方法研究了共混物的结晶行为、共混物形态以及力学性能。结果表明:接枝聚乙烯通过与尼龙1010在熔融共混时生成的接枝共聚物改善了共混组份两相之间的相容性和共混形态;共混物中尼龙组份的结晶熔融热焓下降;共混物在保持较高刚性的同时其干态及低温冲击性能较纯尼龙1010有明显提高。     

含有液晶离聚物的PA1010和PP共混物热性能的研究

一种新型的主链聚硅氧烷侧链含有磺酸基团离子的热致液晶离聚物作为PA1010和PP共混体系的增容剂,用DSC、TGA和FTIR对共混体系的热性能进行了研究。结果表明,含有液晶离聚物的共混物的结晶有较大的改善,其中液晶离聚物含量为4%、8%的共混的结晶速率和结晶度高于其它含量的共混物。     

Blends of polyamide1010 with unmodified and maleic‐anhydride‐grafted high‐impact polystyrene

The crystallization behaviors, dynamic mechanical properties, tensile, and morphology features of polyamide1010 (PA1010) blends with the high‐impact polystyrene (HIPS) were examined at a wide composition range. Both unmodified and maleic‐anhydride‐(MA)‐grafted HIPS (HIPS‐g‐MA) were used. It was found that the domain size of HIPS‐g‐MA was much smaller than that of HIPS at the same compositions in the blends. The mechanical performances of PA1010–HIPS‐g‐MA blends were enhanced much more than that of PA1010–HIPS blends. The crystallization temperature of PA1010 shifted towards higher temperature as HIPS‐g‐MA increased from 20 to 50% in the blends. For the blends with a dispersed PA phase (≤35 wt %), the T_c of PA1010 shifted towards lower temperature, from 178 to 83°C. An additional transition was detected at a temperature located between the T_g's of PA1010 and PS. It was associated with the interphase relaxation peak. Its intensity increased with increasing content of PA1010, and the maximum occurred at the composition of PA1010–HIPS‐g‐MA 80/20. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 857–865, 1999     

Crystallization behavior of poly(propylene)/polyamide 1010 blends using poly(propylene)-graft-glycidyl methacrylate as compatibilizer

Polyamide 1010/poly(propylene) (PA1010/PP) blends were investigated with and without the addition of poly(propylene)-graft-glycidyl methacrylate (PP-g-GMA). The effect of the compatibilizer on the thermal properties and crystallization behavior was determined by differential scanning calorimetry and wide-angle X-ray diffraction. From the results it is found that the crystallization of PA 1010 is significantly affected by the presence of PP-g-GMA. PP/PA 1010 (75/25) blends containing higher amounts of PP-g-GMA show concurrent crystallization at the crystallization temperature of PP. Isothermal crystallization kinetics also were performed in order to investigate the influence of the compatibilized process on the nucleation and growth mechanism. In the PP/PA 1010 (25/75) blends, concurrent crystallization behavior was not observed, even though the amount of PP-g-GMA was high.     

相容剂和加工工艺对PA1010/PP共混体系形态和力学性能的影响

以马来酸酐（MAH）和苯乙烯（St）多单体熔融接枝聚丙烯[PP-g-(MAH-co-St）]为相容剂,制备了聚酰胺10101/聚丙烯（PA1010/PP）共混体系。用毛细管流变仪、扫描电子显微镜、力学性能测试等方法研究了和加工工艺相容剂对PA1010/PP共混体系的形态和力学性能的影响。结果表明,相容剂PP-g-(MAH-co-St)有效降低了PA1010/PP共混体系的熔体流动速率;该共混体系熔体属于假塑性流体,熔体黏度随PP-g-(MAH-co-St)含量的增加逐渐增大;随着相容剂含量的增加,PA1010/PP共混体系中分散相PP的粒径逐步减小,力学性能得到改善,PA1010/PP/PP-g-(MAH-co-St)为70/25/5和70/20/10的共混体系的拉伸强度分别比PA1010/PP (70/30)共混体系提高了55.0 %和61.9 %,冲击强度分别提高了61.0 %和129.7 %;剪切速率为706.5 s-1时出现熔体破裂现象,剪切速率为5002.65 s-1时出现严重熔体破裂。     

Preparation of the HIPS/MA graft copolymer and its compatibilization in HIPS/PA1010 blends

The graft copolymer of high‐impact polystyrene (HIPS) grafted with maleic anhydride (MA) (HIPS‐g‐MA) was prepared with melt mixing in the presence of a free‐radical initiator. The grafting reaction was confirmed by infrared analyses, and the amount of MA grafted on HIPS was evaluated by a titration method. 1–5% of MA can be grafted on HIPS. HIPS‐g‐MA is miscible with HIPS. Its anhydride group can react with polyamide 1010 (PA1010) during melt mixing of the two components. The compatibility of HIPS‐g‐MA in the HIPS/PA1010 blends was evident. Evidence of reactions in the blends was confirmed in the morphology and mechanical behavior of the blends. A significant reduction in domain size was observed because of the compatibilization of HIPS‐g‐MA in the blends of HIPS and PA1010. The tensile mechanical properties of the prepared blends were investigated, and the fracture surfaces of the blends were examined by means of the scanning electron microscope. The improved adhesion in a 15% HIPS/75% PA1010 blend with 10% HIPS‐g‐MA copolymer was detected. The morphology of fibrillar ligaments formed by PA1010 connecting HIPS particles was observed. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 71: 2017–2025, 1999