均艺得形丰内涵——均陶作品“童趣”创作感悟

宜兴均陶是宜兴陶瓷艺术中的一朵奇葩,具有实用大方、精致美观、色彩丰富、题材多样等诸多优点,深受世人的喜爱,是家庭陈设、桌案雅玩的常用摆件,曾经在清朝大兴于世,反映并影响了人们的生活方式,在民间手工艺之中极具特色.均陶工艺最具独特的艺术风采在于其均釉和堆贴花的装饰,而其这种在民间成为“拇指艺术”的堆贴花装饰技艺,充满想象地丰富了作品的艺术空间和文化内涵,使得均陶的文化与装饰魅力不断提升,表现美的形式不断扩展,实现了优化情感、感动人心的人文价值.     

均陶装饰新工艺

均釉陶器是宜兴地区的传统产品,具有独特的民族风格,在国内外市场上十分畅销。随着毛主席革命外交路线的胜利,均陶出口量逐年增加,日益供不应求,近几年来,宜兴红星陶瓷厂贴花工人为适应外贸迅速发展之需要,与本厂制坯、制釉工人密切配合,创造了多种均釉陶装饰的新工艺,如均陶化妆土、色釉、堆花新技术,大大丰富了均陶新品种,提高了均     

均陶大拇指艺术创作略谈

<正>宜兴7500年陶瓷历史中,均陶的品类涵盖了缸、盆、瓶、罐、钵、盂、壶、陶台、砂锅、建筑陶、园林陶,乃至涵盖了被现代人遗忘的酱壶、油壶、夜壶等。由此看来,均陶是陶都宜兴十分重要的陶瓷品种。从画面看,均陶有工笔和写意两种风格,工笔是学习均陶大拇指堆贴花技艺的奠基石。1堆贴花指法分类从最早的印模到初始指法,再升级到拇指艺术,其间有着很长的时间跨度。从存世作品看,明代已经出现均陶写意画面。不过,在解放初期     

浅谈“鱼跃钵”的堆贴花工艺美术设计

均陶是陶都宜兴最早的陶瓷种类之一,它与精陶、紫砂、青瓷、美彩陶一起被称为宜兴陶瓷艺术的"五朵金花"。宜兴均陶以大气、古朴、美观著称于世,堆贴花是它的主要装饰手法,这在民间艺术的装饰手法中极具代表性和艺术特色。当代的均陶工艺作品从装饰形式、装饰内容、装饰技法这三个方面都有了突破与创新,值得我们进一步研究。     

生意盎然之均陶“四方吉祥平安瓶”考析

均陶堆贴花是宜兴独具特色的陶瓷装饰技法。均陶堆贴花是以大拇指做笔,以不同于坯体的泥料为墨,在器物光滑的坯体表面上或堆、或贴,形成陶器表面的各种装饰画面,具有浓厚的地域特色和民间趣味。     

瑰丽的宜兴均陶堆花

均陶堆花是宜兴地区独有的均陶装饰绝活。它以大拇指在均陶坯体上堆贴出惟妙惟肖,形神兼备的精美画面,这种装饰技艺至今在陶艺界独领风骚、自成一脉。     

瑰丽的宜兴均陶堆花

均陶堆花是宜兴地区独有的均陶装饰绝活。它以大拇指在均陶坯体上堆贴出惟妙惟肖,形神兼备的精美画面,这种装饰技艺至今在陶艺界独领风骚、自成一脉。     

宜兴均陶大拇指堆贴花艺术初探

宜兴均陶堆贴花是宜兴独具特色的陶瓷装饰技法，以前俗称堆花或贴花，以大拇指做笔，以不同于坯体的泥料为墨，在器物光滑的坯体表面上或堆或贴形成各种装饰画面，具有浓厚的地域特色和民间趣味。     

瑰丽的宜兴均陶堆花

均陶堆花是宜兴地区独有的均陶装饰绝活.它以大拇指在均陶坯体上堆贴出惟妙惟肖,形神兼备的精美画面,这种装饰技艺至今在陶艺界独领风骚、自成一脉.     

均陶堆花的沿革及展望

宜兴均陶之所以著称于世,乃缘于两绝：一曰“天长地久越发光亮”的均釉;二曰大姆指堆花工艺之独特。大姆指堆花（俗称贴花）,是均陶工艺特有的传统装饰手法,为均陶艺人在千百年制陶过程中摸索出来的一种绝技。艺人们用各色泥料,搓成条,用大姆指在坯体上凭空堆贴出各式画面,后施金黄透明釉,经高温烧制而成,此项工艺全凭徒手操作,偶而辅以竹木工具,或龙或凤,或鸟或兽,皆有形有神,能娴熟运用该技艺者绝非一日之功。艺人们应略识丹青,谙熟泥性,掌握指法,或捏、或按、或拓、或搓。它和均陶端庄的造型浑然一体,形成自己简洁明快的风格。溯源堆花…     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。