地层油藏成藏的开发模式分析

石油作为一种重要的能源,可以说是现代经济的血液。我国是石油消费大国,同时又是世界排名第五的石油生产大国。石油生产领域具有科技含量高、技术性强的特点。随着经济全球化的发展趋势,资源成为提高国家竞争力的主要优势。油价与全球宏观经济状态息息相关,是经济发展的主要支撑力量,本文针对石油对于国民经济的重要意义分析了我国石油储备状况,并分析地层中石油的储备形成并论述了提高地层油的开发模式。     

海外

日将增加石油储备量 日本通产大臣的咨询机构—石油审议会石油储备紧急对策委员会日前作出决定:增加10％的国家石油储备量。 目前,日本的石油储备量为5000万升,可供日本全国使用90天。石油审议会石油储备紧急对策委员会认为:日本对石油的依赖程度很高,考虑到国际石油市场的需求很大,一旦发生紧急事态,将对日本的     

美国战略石油储备之路

美国的战略石油储备是“吃一堑长一智”的产物。美国建立和确保战略石油储备的总体思路是：以最低的成本,储备高质量的原油;在扩大战略石油储备时,把它对国际国内市场的不利影响减少到最低程度。美国战略石油储备具有运作模式市场化、规模适时调整、储备方式因地制宜等特征。     

浅谈我国石油储备的发展趋势

作为全球第二大能源消费国，中国的经济增长越来越依赖于稳定安全的能源供应。本文根据国内外石油供应的形势，结合我国石油消费和石油储备工程的现状，介绍了我国的石油储备体系及石油储备库的建设状况，借鉴其它主要国家石油储备的情况，说明我国进行石油储备的必要性，同时提出了存在的问题，在分析今后发展方向的同时，剖析了在发展中会遇到的问题以及解决方案，并在完善相关法律法规、完善管理体制和运行机制、建立石油统计和报告制度、实行税收政策和部分商业化运作等方面对石油储备的发展提出合理化建议。     

口岸石油仓储企业内第三方实验室建设安全与环保注意事项

我国于2004年开始建设镇海、舟山、大连、黄岛等一期4座战略石油储备基地。其中,镇海、舟山基地目前已开始注油。二期国家战略石油储备基地也已选址完毕。石油储运事关国家战略安全和经济安全。我国已启动四级石油储备体系化建设方案。以国家战略石油储备、地方石油储备、企业商业储备和中小型公司石油储备为主体构成的中国四级石油储备体系化建设已经启幕。     

加快管道储运建设增强国家石油安全

石油是国家的重要战略物资，关系着国民经济的正常运行和国家安全。面对我国石油净进口的现实，加快我国石油及石油产品的储备和运输设施的建设，尤其是加快适应石油储运的长距离、大口径油气管道和储备油库的规划和建设是迫在眉睫的任务。     

项目动态

我国计划在东北地区兴建石油储备基地 据道琼斯北京近日消息，国家能源局局长张国宝称，按照《国家石油储备中长期计划》，中国汁划在东北地区兴建石油储备基地。     

我国首期4大国家石油储备基地建成投用

<正>国家统计局2014年11月20日发布消息称,国家石油储备一期工程包括舟山、镇海、大连和黄岛等4个国家石油储备基地,总储备库容为1640万m3,储备原油1243万t。其中:舟山国家石油储备基地库容为500万m3,储备原油398万t。镇海国家石油储备基地库容为520万m3,储备原油378万t。大连国家石油储备基地库容为300万m3,储备原油217万t。黄岛国家石油储备基地库容为320万m3,储备原油250万t。     

我国石油储备的战略与布局

随着中国对进口石油依赖程度的日益加深,国家石油储备已经进人逐渐成熟阶段。本文介绍了国际上如何对石油进行储备,然后再根据发达国家如何建设石油的储备基地,着重分析了中国在石油储备的基地建设上如何进行分布以及该基地具有何种特征,并通过探讨我国石油储备体系的影响因素,综合我国石油储备体系的整体构架对未来提出适合我国国情的战略布局建议。     

我国将建四个战略石油基地 大亚湾、湛江未定

日前,国家发展和改革委员会副主任姜伟新在由国务院发展研究中心主办的能源战略和改革国际研讨会上表示,为了应对突发事件,我国将逐步建立和完善石油储备制度。为此,国家在发展改革委设立了国家石油储备办公室,专门处理国家石油储备方面的事务。国家发改委另一名高层人士透露,面对中国石油消费量日益增长的事实,国家发改委、国家石油储备办公室正在着手寻找战略石油储备基地,即投入60亿元在国内4个港口建立石油储备基地。广东大亚湾位列其中。对此,广东省发改委最近也证实,国家发改委目前已经确定首批两个石油储备基地,但是广东大亚湾和湛江…     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。