基于SURF的红外成像末制导目标跟踪算法

针对红外成像末导引阶段飞行器姿态调整及高速运动导致的目标尺度和姿态迅速变化的问题,提出了一种基于加速鲁棒特征(SURF)的红外成像目标跟踪算法。为了实现在末导引阶段对目标进行精确跟踪,采取了点跟踪的策略。首先根据跟踪点在上一帧的位置,在当前帧选取以相同位置为中心的图像子块并求其SURF特征,通过SURF特征匹配得到当前帧图像子块和模板的匹配点集,采用随机抽样一致性(RANSAC)算法剔除误匹配点对,进一步用最小二乘算法(LSA)精确地估计出对应的单应性矩阵;然后通过单应性矩阵把跟踪点映射到当前帧获取跟踪点在当前帧的位置,从而实现精确跟踪。试验结果表明,本文算法有较高的跟踪精度和较好的实时性。     

基于DSPC6416的多目标跟踪系统的设计

针对图像数据量大,而实际在对空目标跟踪过程中要求实时对图像处理给出目标位置,提出了以数字信号处理器TMS320C6416为核心处理芯片并且以单片机为辅助芯片的一种高速图像采集和目标跟踪系统的设计方法.并且为了实时完成目标跟踪,提出采用边采集图像边计算的方法得到目标大致位置,然后用找小图像重心的方法得到目标精确位置.实验表明提出的设计方法能得到清晰的目标图像、采用的跟踪算法能够实时稳定的跟踪空中多个飞机目标.     

基于多核DSP的图像实时相关匹配研究

针对目标精确定位中图像实时匹配性能的瓶颈问题,提出了一种基于TMS320C6678多核DSP的图像实时相关匹配方法。该方法采用并行处理设计,将复杂耗时的互相关运算分解并平均分配到多个核中同时进行;采用算法优化设计,将优化的快速匹配算法与预处理、搜索策略控制等方法相结合,实现图像的快速匹配。实验结果表明,该方法在保证匹配准确性的同时,还能显著降低图像相关匹配的计算时间,满足实时处理要求。     

基于TMS320C6678的复数求模算法研究

得益于强大并行处理能力,TMS320C6678在信号处理中应用十分广泛,特别是雷达信号处理领域。信号处理中经常需要对复数求模,而传统的求模方法在TMS320C6678上效率极低,严重影响了其处理效率。本文针对TMS320C6678进行了复数求模算法的优化研究,并给出了四种复数求模算法的效率和精度的对比。     

基于TMS320C6678的细胞图像识别系统并行实现方法

针对医学显微图像自动分析系统在应用中的实时性需求,根据显微镜细胞图像识别原理和多核流水设计准则,分析了细胞图像识别算法实时性,提出了一种基于TMS320C6678显微镜细胞图像识别并行流水实现方法。该方法实现了任务级并行流水,提高了系统的鲁棒性,达到了系统稳定和性能加速的目的。实验结果表明,该方法是可行、有效、可靠的,并且基于TMS320C6678的显微镜细胞识别系统的实时处理能力有很大提升。     

较大尺度运动下的人体特征点跟踪算法研究

利用光流法可以对视频中运动目标进行特征点跟踪,当目标存在较大尺度运动时,光流法图像一致性假设难以满足,导致特征点跟踪丢失。针对此问题,提出了一种基于Lucas-Kanade(L-K)金字塔光流算法的运动人体特征点跟踪方法。首先,利用帧间差分法得到帧差图像序列,获取行人的运动区域;然后用尺度不变特征变换（SIFT）算法检测选定初始帧中的特征点;最后运用L-K金字塔光流算法跟踪这些特征点在后续帧中的位置。实验结果表明,该算法对较大尺度运动的特征点跟踪有很好的效果,提高了跟踪的准确性。      

基于粒子滤波的目标实时跟踪系统

设计一种基于TMS320VC5416与FPGA的实时图像跟踪系统,该系统首先采用SAA7111A采集图像,经FPGA(采用乒乓操作的方式)传输给DSP处理器.在跟踪算法上采用灰度作为目标特征,使用粒子滤波方法实现对动态目标的跟踪.采用浮点数定点化处理,提高了算法的运行速度.实验表明:该系统具有良好的实时性与稳定性.     

用于合成孔径雷达实时成像的高性能虚拟单节点设计

SAR成像应用对成像速率的要求越来越高,目前单片DSP很难满足要求。如何充分利用多片DSP并行工作仍然是一个难点,针对这一现状,本文为合成孔径雷达成像应用提出了基于TMS320C6678的虚拟单节点设计,能够充分利用多片DSP提供的存储能力以及吞吐能力和处理能力。本文介绍了TMS320C6678芯片的性能,然后提出了基于TMS320C6678 DSP的虚拟单节点系统设计。分析了一种不需要转置就可以进行二维访问的矩阵存储技术,经测试二维访问均达到较高速率。介绍了用于TMS320C6678的一种多核同步技术。在由4片TMS320C6678组成的虚拟单节点上实现了RD算法,测试结果验证了虚拟单节点的优良性能。      

基于分块SURF特征提取的图像目标跟踪算法

由于基于特征的目标跟踪需要对前后两帧图像中的目标进行特征匹配,而传统的基于SURF(speeded up robust features)特征的匹配算法存在匹配时间较长,无法满足目标跟踪条件下实时性要求的情况。本文针对此缺点对SURF特征提取提出了具体的分块并行的解决方案,其中包括自适应地设置分块重叠区域,去除冗余特征点和距离门限法去除离散点的处理;同时通过模板的实时更新以及自适应的抗遮挡处理,保证了短时抗遮挡性能。并通过实验,将传统的基于SURF特征的跟踪算法与本文算法在相同条件下进行跟踪误差和运行时间对比;实验表明针对视频中的待跟踪目标,本文算法较基于传统SURF的图像跟踪算法在降低跟踪运行时间的同时保证了跟踪准确度。并通过遮挡实验,说明抗遮挡处理在本文算法中的实用性和必要性。     

DSP实时图像处理系统

阐述了高速图像目标测量系统的DSP实现,运用了高性能DSP(TMS320C6202)完成实时图像目标处理,研究了一种快速图像匹配的相关跟踪算法,并结合大规模可编程逻辑阵列CPLD进行逻辑控制和现场可编程门阵列FPGA对采集的视频图像做预处理.实验证明该系统性能可靠,跟踪效果较好,并有较高的实时性.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.