水解淀粉与乙二醛对棉织物的抗皱整理

采用水解淀粉与乙二醛复配整理剂对棉织物进行抗皱整理,通过正交试验,讨论水解淀粉、乙二醛和催化剂用量、焙烘温度和焙烘时间等因素对整理后棉织物折皱回复角提高率和断裂强力保持率的影响。得出最优整理工艺参数:淀粉质量浓度40 g/L、乙二醛质量浓度7 g/L、催化剂质量浓度40 g/L、焙烘温度140℃、焙烘时间5 min。在此最优工艺条件下,整理后棉织物的折皱回复角提高率为30%~45%,断裂强力保持率为88%~95%。     

盐酸水解淀粉/乙二醛对棉织物抗皱整理的研究

采用盐酸水解淀粉和乙二醛的复配整理剂对棉织物进行抗皱整理,研究了淀粉的盐酸水解工艺及水解淀粉与乙二醛质量比对整理后棉织物性能的影响。试验结果表明当盐酸质量分数为15%,水解温度为90℃,水解时间为60 min时,盐酸水解工艺较优,且经水解淀粉与乙二醛质量比为2∶1的优化工艺整理后,棉织物的干态折皱回复角超过220°,断裂强力保留率高于60%,棉织物的白度降低不明显,但湿态折皱回复角有待提高。     

丝素整理棉织物技术

文章研究了丝素水解时间和碱溶液浓度整理棉织物后结构和性能的变化。断裂强力和断裂伸长随水解时间的延长而保持稳定,但达到120 min时显著降低;折皱回复性和白度随水解时间的延长而增加,但达到120 min时显著降低。断裂强力、断裂伸长、折皱回复性和白度随碱溶液浓度的增加而增加,但达到17%时显著降低。研究表明棉织物经过碱处理和丝素溶液整理破坏了纤维素的结晶结构,增加了丝素的可及性和交联性。在水解时间120 min、碱浓度17%时整理棉织物的效果最好。     

棉织物的水解淀粉/乙二醛抗皱整理

将乙二醛与水解淀粉复配,对棉织物进行无甲醛防皱整理,研究淀粉的水解工艺、水解淀粉与乙二醛的质量比,以及不同催化剂对整理效果的影响。优化的淀粉水解工艺为:盐酸质量分数15%,水解温度90℃,时间30 min。氯化镁作催化剂时,水解淀粉与乙二醛的质量比为2∶1;硝酸脲作催化剂时,水解淀粉与乙二醛的质量比为1∶1。优化的焙烘条件为:焙烘温度110℃,时间4 min。整理后织物的干折皱回复角达到232°,强力保留率为71%。两种催化剂下加入水解淀粉较单独使用乙二醛,织物强力都能提高10%左右,但湿折皱回复角仍有待提高。     

戊二醛与水解淀粉对棉织物抗皱整理的研究

采用戊二醛与水解淀粉对棉织物进行抗皱整理,通过正交试验,讨论戊二醛和催化剂用量、淀粉水解时间、焙烘温度和焙烘时间等因素对整理后棉织物折皱回复角、断裂强力保持率、白度的影响,得出最佳工艺方案:淀粉水解时间为90min,戊二醛的浓度为70g/L,催化剂浓度为25g/L,焙烘温度为140℃,焙烘时间为3min.在此工艺条件下,整理后棉织物缓弹折皱回复角为280°,断裂强力保持率为61.3%,白度为71.2.     

水解淀粉和乙二醛对棉织物防皱整理的研究

介绍了乙二醛对棉织物进行防皱整理的机理以及抗皱整理液的配制、操作过程，分析了不同因素对棉织物断裂强力和折皱回复性能的影响，得出了最佳工艺条件：整理液中乙二醛为26．4mL/L，水解90min的淀粉（玉米淀粉20g/L盐酸16．8mL／L），MgCl2^＋6H2O为20g／L，在150℃条件下焙烘5min．与未经处理棉织物相比，处理棉织物的折皱回复角提高，但断裂强力却降低了．     

二醛类试剂在棉织物防皱整理中的应用与比较

通过L16（45）正交试验,文章分析了三种二醛类复配整理剂对棉织物的整理效果,并进行了比较。结果表明,三种复配整理剂对棉织物断裂强力、折皱回复角、白度的影响是不同的,溶液中加入丝素可以使断裂强度保持率较高,加入水解淀粉可以使折皱回复角提高率较高。     

乙二醛与丝素复配整理剂对棉织物的防皱整理

文章采用乙二醛和水溶性丝素溶液复配整理剂对棉织物进行防皱整理,通过L16(4^5)正交试验,系统分析了不同工艺条件对棉织物断裂强力、折皱回复角的影响,并得到了最佳工艺参数。结果表明：这种复配整理剂能够明显改善棉织物的抗皱性,并且使棉织物的断裂强度保持率维持在95％以上。     

等离子体处理对棉织物防皱整理效果的影响

研究等离子体处理对用丝素与乙二醛联合整理及树脂整理后棉织物防皱效果的影响。结果表明，等离子体处理能代替防皱整理工艺中的焙烘工序，促进整理剂与纤维间的交联反应，提高棉织物的抗皱性能，防止棉织物的强力损失，减少棉织物游离甲醛释放量。等离子体处理后再经焙烘，可进一步减少棉织物上游离甲醛含量，提高折皱回复角。     

水性聚氨酯在全棉织物免烫整理中的应用

采用单因素变量法研究常见的8种水性聚氨酯在醚化2D树脂整理体系中对棉织物免烫整理效果和强力的影响,并讨论强力保护剂在醚化2D树脂和水性聚氨酯复配整理中对棉织物折皱回复性能和强力保留效果的影响。结果表明:水性聚氨酯加入醚化2D树脂整理体系后,棉织物折皱回复性能、强力保留率均有不同程度的增加,其中水性聚氨酯3458整理棉织物折皱回复角最高可达275.00°,强力保留率提升12.35%;水性聚氨酯6222整理棉织物强力保留率高达69.52%,折皱回复角达到243.75°。强力保护剂可提高免烫整理后棉织物的强力保留率,但过量的保护剂会使织物折皱回复性能下降。在醚化2D树脂质量浓度为100 g/L,水性聚氨酯3458质量浓度为40 g/L,强力保护剂质量浓度为35 g/L时,织物免烫效果最佳,折皱回复角高达271.25°,强力保留率高达65.12%。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press