高吸水性聚丙烯酸钠树脂

综述了高吸水性聚丙烯酸钠树脂的研究进展 ,其中包括聚丙烯酸钠及其共聚物的吸水性能 ,吸水机理以及其功能与应用     

高吸水性树脂粒径与性能的研究

研究了高吸水性脂粒径与性能的关系及影响高吸水性树脂粒径分布的诸因素。结果表明，粒径为８０－１２０目的高吸水性树脂吸水（液）率高，吸水（液）速度快，保水性好，与ＰＶＣ共混性优良。在搅拌速度为８０－１２０ｒ／ｍｉｎ，分散剂和助分散剂用量分别为水相重的０．４％－０．６％和８％－１２％，水／油为２．５－３．５的条件下制得的高吸水性树脂平均粒径小，粒径分布范围窄，树脂综合性能好。     

分子筛改性羧甲基纤维素类高吸水性树脂研究

以羧甲基纤维素(CMC),丙烯酸(AA),2-丙烯酰胺2甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为原料,过硫酸钾为引发剂,N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,经接枝共聚制备高吸水性树脂;为提高高吸水性树脂的耐热性能,使用分子筛对高吸水性树脂进行改性,探讨了分子筛种类和用量对高吸水性树脂性能的影响,测定了改性后高吸水性树脂的吸水倍率、吸水速率、再生性能和耐热性能,通过对其性能进行比较得出:添加0.5g的13X分子筛改性高吸水性树脂效果最佳,所得产物吸水倍率为675g·g-1,吸水速率、再生性能和耐热性能也比改性前有显著提高.     

农用高吸水性树脂及其前景展望

详细介绍了农用高吸水性树脂的吸水、保水机理,分类,作用机制,性能及近年来国内外的研究进展;认为对农用高吸水性树脂吸水机理的深入研究、降低成本、改善耐盐性、改善降解性能、研制功能性高吸水性树脂等,将成为下一步农用高吸水性树脂的研究热点。     

PEO-b-PBA对天然橡胶/高吸水树脂共混体系增容作用的研究

通过扫描电子显微镜观察了天然橡胶和高吸水树脂共混体系的微观相态结构 ,研究了两亲性嵌段共聚物PEO b PBA结构本身的吸水能力对天然橡胶和高吸水性树脂共混体系吸水性能及力学性能的影响。结果表明 ,PEO b PBA结构本身的吸水强弱对共混体系的吸水能力贡献很小 ,但却可以显著提高共混体系的吸水膨胀能力和力学性能 ,对特殊的增容作用进行了探讨     

含两亲性PEO-b-PBA增容剂的吸水膨胀橡胶的制备及性能

以天然橡胶为基体，微米级交联聚丙烯酸钠为高吸水性树脂，两亲性嵌段共聚物聚氧化乙烯-b-聚丙烯酸丁酯(PEO-b-PBA)为增容剂，聚乙二醇为吸水促进荆，制备了嵌段共聚物增容型吸水膨胀橡胶。通过扫描电子显微镜观察了其微观相态结构，适量加入两亲性嵌段共聚物PEO-b-PBA可以改善CSP树脂与NR的相容性。并研究了质量吸水率，体积膨胀率以及吸水速率与各组分含量之间的关系，对体系的力学性能进行了研究，对吸水树脂的主体吸水作用及嵌段共聚物的增容作用进行了探讨。     

高吸水性HP(MA-VAC)树脂的制备与性质EI

研究了部分水解聚(丙烯酸甲酯-乙酸乙烯酯)高吸水性树脂-HP(MA-VAC)的制备与性质。讨论了合成反应工艺条件与HP(MA-VAC)树脂性能的关系。实验结果表明该吸水性树脂吸水容量大、吸水速度快、保水效果好、热稳定性高、抗盐性能好,是一种综合性能好的高吸水性树脂。     

PEO—b—PBA对天然橡胶／高吸水树脂共混体系增容作用的研究

通过扫描电子显微镜观察了天然橡胶和高吸水树脂共混体系的微观相态结构，研究了两亲性嵌段共聚物PEO-b-PBA结构本身的吸水能力对天然橡胶和高吸水性树脂共混体系吸水性能及力学性能的影响。结果表明，PEO-b-PBA结构本身的吸水强弱对共混体系的吸水能力贡献很小，但却可以显著提高共混体系的吸水膨胀能力和力学性能，对特殊的增容作用进行了探讨。     

农用高吸水性树脂及其研究进展

农用高吸水性树脂的使用是解决农业缺水、传统化肥农药对环境污染等问题的有效途径。详细介绍了农用高吸水性树脂的吸水、保水机理、分类、作用机制、性能及近年来国内外在这些方面的研究进展;认为对农用高吸水性树脂吸水机理的深入研究和对降低成本、改善耐盐性、改善降解性能的研究,以及研制功能性高吸水性树脂等将成为今后农用高吸水性树脂的研究热点。     

节水保水新产品 第四大农用化学生产材料

<正>保水剂又称土壤保水剂、高吸水剂、保湿剂、高吸水性树脂、高分子吸水剂,是利用强吸水性树脂制成的一种超高吸水保水能力高分子聚合物,因其能调节土壤水肥综合功能,保持和提高水分、养分有效性,广泛受到国内外农业专家高度重视。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...