一种基于RCPT码的混合ARQ方法及其在衰落信道下的性能

本文基于码率匹配截短Turbo(RCPT-Rate Compatible Punctured Turbo)码,综合利用"码字校验交替重传"方案及Chase组合技术,提出了一种新型混合ARQ(Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest)方法,并进一步在瑞利衰落信道上对该方法的性能进行了仿真验证,同时将其与几种现有基于RCPT码的混合ARQ方法进行了比较.数值结果表明,本文所提方法能以较低的系统实现复杂度获得较好的性能.     

无线光通信中RCPT/ARQ自适应 差错控制机制的研究

为了克服无线光通信中的光强闪烁、大气衰减等信道干扰,本文结合无线光信道下Turbo码迭代译码算法,分析了RCPT码的穿孔图案特性,在此基础上完整给出了无线光通信系统RCPT/ARQ自适应差错控制方案,仿真表明RCPT/ARQ自适应差错控制方案显著提高了链路的吞吐量和稳定性.同时结合无线光信道的特性,提出了RCPT/ARQ机制下的排序重发策略,进一步优化系统在恶劣信道条件下的链路吞吐量.     

一种改进的不限重传次数的HARQ重传方案

为了保证数据在无线衰落信道条件下的可靠传输,产生了联合前向纠错编码(FEC)与自动请求重传(ARQ)的混合ARQ(HARQ)技术。HARQ有多种重传方案,本文针对HARQ的无限次重传方案进行了研究,提出了一种改进的基于RCPT码的HARQ重传方案,并分别与传统RCPT-HARQ方案在瑞利快衰落、慢衰落信道下进行仿真比较,仿真结果显示出改进方案在慢衰落信道条件下获得了更高的通过率。     

慢瑞利衰落信道下一种变分组长度的自适应ARQ协议

信道的慢瑞利衰落特性导致通信系统的性能——吞吐量的下降。本文基于选择重传(SRARQ)与返回-n(GBN ARQ)相结合的混合ARQ协议(SR GBN ARQ),依据发送方连续收到的确认(ACK)/非确认(NACK)消息的次数,正确评估慢瑞利衰落信道的状况以改变分组长度的一种自适应ARQ协议。仿真结果表明对于慢瑞利衰落、长往返旅程延迟(T)信道,该协议能取得较优的吞吐性能。     

瑞利衰落多重分集后LDPC的性能分析

针对瑞利信道条件下多个收发通道分集合并后LDPC的纠错性能问题,提出了一种通用的计算方法。该方法根据合并方式如最大比值合并、等增益合并、选择合并与各分集通道的平均输入信噪比计算合并后信噪比的概率密度函数,用多项式拟合的方法得到LDPC在AWGN信道中的纠错性能公式,对该式按合并信噪比的概率密度积分得到瑞利信道下LDPC的纠错能力表达式。以一种有限几何LDPC码为例计算其编码增益,分析了在最大比值合并条件下分集重数与LDPC编码增益的关系。     

RCPT码及其在移动通信中的应用

由于无线信道的时变、高误码等特性，要求信道编码方式有较强的抗误码能力，而且能够自适应无线信道状态的变化。码率匹配删余Turbo码（RCPT）能实现这样的编码要求，并且能提供适应不同需要的不等差错保护（UEP）。介绍了RCPT码在移动通信中的应用，讨论了新的自适应编码调制及不等差错保护方案。     

基于频谱效率的低复杂度自适应MIMO系统

在一定的误比特率(BER)下,使用自适应MQAM调制可以最大化MIMO系统的频谱效率。通过不同的算法可以得到自适应调制MIMO系统的离散速率频谱效率(DRSE)。为了进一步提高频谱效率,提出了一种基于DRSE,在不同的算法之间进行切换的低复杂度自适应机制。研究了在两种2×2信道下即:独立同分布(i.i.d)的平坦瑞利衰落信道和空间相关的瑞利衰落信道,自适应MIMO系统在正交空时块编码(OSTBC)和空间复用(SM)之间切换的自适应机制。仿真结果表明,通过选择一种最优的调制模式及发射模式的组合方式,此切换算法可以使系统的频谱效率得到有效提高,同时只增加有限的反馈信息,降低了系统复杂度。     

适用于IEEE 802.11a/g的联合信道估计和均衡算法

基于IEEE 802.11a/g协议,提出了一种联合信道估计和均衡的算法,该算法采用自适应信道估计方式在低信噪比情况下实现精确的信道估计,并且具有较低的设计复杂度。信道均衡采用频域内MMSE(FD-MMSE)均衡方式,与自适应信道估计配合在系统性能和计算复杂度方面取得较好折中。仿真表明该算法结构性能满足IEEE 802.11a/g协议规定,与同类算法相比在低信噪比区域提高系统性能的前提下算法的计算复杂度也有所降低。     

混合自动重传请求技术研究

3G高速数据无线传输技术中,无差错的分组数据传输和高系统吞吐率是所希望的,HARQ(混合自动重传请求)技术在这方面具有不可或缺的作用。根据重传内容的不同,文章主要总结介绍了HARQ的三种基本类型,并与FEC(前向纠错)和ARQ(自动重传请求)做了比较,最后对接收端的Chase合并(Chase Combining)和IR(递增冗余)方式进行了总结。     

无线传感器网络差错控制技术的能效分析

对自动请求重传(ARQ)技术和前向纠错(FEC)技术的能效进行了分析,提出在无线传感器网络中使用Chase合并混合自动请求重传(HARQ)方案实现自适应差错控制,以满足无线传感器网络的不同链路对差错控制方案的差异性要求.仿真结果表明,Chase合并HARQ为整体最优的差错控制方案.     

Adaptive Modulation and Coding with Selective Retransmission under OFDM signaling

In this paper, we present bandwidth efficient selective retransmission method in conjunction with adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) scheme for OFDM waveform. In the proposed method, when a packet failure occurs, receiver requests retransmission of information symbols prone to error corresponding to the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) sub-carriers of OFDM modulation. The selective retransmission avoids unnecessary retransmission and AMC chooses a proper modulation and coding scheme with an objective to maximize the throughput. Our method achieves higher throughput as compared to conventional retransmission methods such as Chase combining hybrid automatic repeat reQuest (CC-HARQ) and incremental redundancy hybrid automatic repeat reQuest (IR-HARQ). We also provide the throughput and delay analysis of the proposed method for non-truncated ARQ. The simulation results demonstrate throughput gain without significant impact on delay as compared to the conventional retransmission approaches.     

结构半随机LDPC码的递增冗余HARQ方案

提出了结构半随机LDPC码,分析了其在不同码率时,编、译码具有兼容性的特性。介绍了基于结构半随机LDPC码的递增冗余HARQ方案,给出了这种方案的吞吐量性能封闭解。在AWGN信道和Rayleigh衰落信道下,通过仿真将新方案的性能和随机LDPC码的性能进行了比较,结果显示,结构半随机LDPC码的递增冗余HARQ方案性能接近随机LDPC码,但编、译码更简单,参数选择范围更广。     

Adaptive source rate control for real‐time wireless video transmission

Hybrid ARQ schemes can yield much better throughput and reliability than static FEC schemes for the transmission of data over time-varying wireless channels. However these schemes result in extra delay. They adapt to the varying channel conditions by retransmitting erroneous packets, this causes variable effective data rates for current PCS networks because the channel bandwidth is constant. Hybrid ARQ schemes are currently being proposed as the error control schemes for real-time video transmission. An important issue is how to ensure low delay while taking advantage of the high throughput and reliability that these schemes provide for. In this paper we propose an adaptive source rate control (ASRC) scheme which can work together with the hybrid ARQ error control schemes to achieve efficient transmission of real-time video with low delay and high reliability. The ASRC scheme adjusts the source rate based on the channel conditions, the transport buffer occupancy and the delay constraints. It achieves good video quality by dynamically changing both the number of the forced update (intracoded) macroblocks and the quantization scale used in a frame. The number of the forced update macroblocks used in a frame is first adjusted according to the allocated source rate. This reduces the fluctuation of the quantization scale with the change in the channel conditions during encoding so that the uniformity of the video quality is improved. The simulation results show that the proposed ASRC scheme performs very well for both slow fading and fast fading channels. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

基于非均匀星座的改进ARQ方案及其性能分析

本文针对调制阶数大于4的MPSK和MQAM调制，在重传中采用非均匀星座图和符号比特重新排序，提出了一种改进的ARQ方案。通过对AWGN信道下ARQ方案进行理论分析和数值仿真，表明基于非均匀星座的新方案在信道条件较差时能有效地提高重要比特的可靠性，若重传中结合符号比特重排和分组合并，则可使接收端解调合并后的比特可靠性趋于均匀且总体得到提高，从而有效地减少重传次数，提高系统的吞吐率。由于本文所提方案并不改变调制解调规则和数据分组长度，故容易实现和控制。     

A novel adaptive hybrid ARQ scheme for wireless ATM networks

This paper describes the design and performance of a novel adaptive hybrid ARQ scheme using concatenated FEC codes for error control over wireless ATM networks. The wireless links are characterized by higher, time‐varying error rates and burstier error patterns in comparison with the fiber‐based links for which ATM was designed. The purpose of the hybrid ARQ scheme is to provide a capability to dynamically support reliable ATM‐based transport over wireless channels by using a combination of our ARQ scheme (called SDLP) and the concatenated FEC scheme. The key ideas in the proposed hybrid ARQ scheme are to adapt the code rate to the channel conditions using incremental redundancy and to increase the starting code rate as much as possible with the concatenated FEC, maximizing the throughput efficiency. The numerical results show that our proposed scheme outperforms other ARQ schemes for all SNR values. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Performance of H.263 video transmission over wireless channelsusing hybrid ARQ

This paper proposes a hybrid ARQ error control scheme based on the concatenation of a Reed-Solomon (RS) code and a rate compatible punctured convolutional (RCPC) code for low-bit-rate video transmission over wireless channels. The concatenated hybrid ARQ scheme we propose combines the advantages of both type-I and type-II hybrid ARQ schemes. Certain error correction capability is provided in each (re)transmitted packet, and the information can be recovered from each transmission or retransmission alone if the errors are within the error correction capability (similar to type-I hybrid ARQ). The retransmitted packet contains redundancy bits which, when combined with the previous transmission, result in a more powerful RS/convolutional concatenated code to recover information if error correction fails for the individual transmissions (similar to type-II hybrid ARQ). Bit-error rate (BER) or signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a radio channel changes over time due to mobile movement and fading. The channel quality at any instant depends on the previous channel conditions. For the accurate analysis of the performance of the hybrid ARQ scheme, we use a multistate Markov chain (MSMC) to model the radio channel at the data packet level. We propose a method to partition the range of the received SNR into a set of states for constructing the model so that the difference between the error rate of the real radio channel and that of the MSMC model is minimized. Based on the model, we analyze the performance of the concatenated hybrid ARQ scheme. The results give valuable insight into the effects of the error protection capability in each packet, the mobile speed, and the number of retransmissions. Finally, the transmission of H.263 coded video over a wireless channel with error protection provided by the concatenated hybrid ARQ scheme is studied by means of simulations     

Hybrid ARQ schemes for point-to-multipoint communication overnonstationary broadcast channels

Hybrid automatic-repeat-request (ARQ) error control schemes make use of both error detection and error correction in order to achieve high throughput and low undetected error probabilities on two way channels. Two hybrid ARQ schemes, termed hybrid go-back-N (HGB- N) and hybrid selective-repeat (HSR), are proposed for point-to-multipoint communications over broadcast channels. Both schemes incorporate a concatenated code for error correction and error detection. The performance study of the hybrid schemes is based on a two-state Markov model of a burst noise channel. An analytic solution is derived for the throughput efficiency of the HSR scheme, while approximations and computer simulation are used to evaluate the throughput efficiency of the HGB-N scheme. It is shown that the schemes perform considerably better than the corresponding pure ARQ schemes in which a block code is used for error detection only, especially in environments with a large number of receivers and large channel roundtrip delays, such as satellite broadcast links     

Optimum subpacket transmission for hybrid ARQ systems

Hybrid automatic-repeat-request (ARQ) is a flexible and efficient technique for data transmissions. In hybrid ARQ, subpacket schemes are more attractive for systems with burst errors than complete packet schemes. Although subpacket schemes were proposed in ARQ systems, optimum subpacket transmission is more effective to maximize throughput in a dynamic channel. Since convolutional codes have properties of burst errors in decoding, the optimum subpacket can be applied to convolutional codes. This paper investigates the performance of subpacket transmission for convolutionally coded systems. An efficient method is proposed to estimate the optimum number of subpackets, and adaptive subpacket schemes, i.e., schemes that enable a system to employ different optimum numbers of subpackets under various conditions, are suggested to achieve the maximum throughput of the system. Numerical and simulation results show that the adaptive subpacket scheme is very effective for the convolutionally coded hybrid ARQ system, and it can provide higher throughput, smaller delay,and lower dropping rate than complete packet schemes. Moreover, the adaptive subpacket scheme can be flexibly used with packet combining techniques to further improve the system throughput.     

An effective go-back-N ARQ scheme for variable-error-rate channels

In nonstationary channels, error rates vary considerably. The author proposes an effective go-back-N ARQ scheme which estimates the channel state in a simple manner, and adaptively switches its operation mode in a channel where error rates vary slowly. It provides higher throughput than other comparable ARQ schemes under a wide variety of error rate conditions