Buck变换器拓扑指数改进算法及脆弱性分析

基于拓扑指数的概念,考虑到Buck变换器在连续工作模式（CCM）下的开关状态和占空比,提出并计算了Buck变换器的广义拓扑指数,通过对Buck变换器拓扑指数的改进计算,量化了电路拓扑的不同支路以及变换器占空比对变换器脆弱性的影响,进而将脆弱性分析拓展到电力电子电路拓扑的结构性故障的研究。利用Matlab软件仿真分析,此方法的计算结果与仿真结果相符,从而验证了此方法的有效性。     

基于双输入／双输出变换器的三端口变换器拓扑

从端口功率流动的角度揭示三端口变换器的拓扑构成和运行机理,由此提出组合式三端口和集成三端口变换器拓扑族的系统生成方法。从构造三端口变换器所需功率流为切入点,与双输入变换器和双输出变换器比较,并构造新的可控功率通路,得到了一系列三端口变换器拓扑并给出拓扑生成方法。给出由典型的Buck、Boost和Buck／Boost生成三端口变换器的拓扑实例,进行分析和实验验证。     

基于人工智能的电力电子变换器开路故障诊断研究综述

电力电子变换器已被广泛应用于航空航天系统、直流输电、分布式能源和智能电网等领域,其可靠性问题成为学术界和工业界的研究热点。开展对电力电子变换器开路故障监测与智能诊断方法研究,对避免二次故障、降低运维时间与成本和提高电力电子系统可靠性具有重要意义。文章首先对电力电子变换器故障特征进行分析与总结,然后对特定基于人工智能(artificial intelligence,AI)技术的电力电子变换器开路故障诊断方法及应用实例综述,随后提出一种基于随机森林与瞬时故障特征相结合的故障诊断方法用于三相电力电子变换器故障诊断,最后提出基于AI的电力电子变换器开路故障诊断方法面临的挑战,并展望该领域未来的研究方向。     

电力电子变换器广义连接矩阵及其潜电路判别

对电力电子变换器拓扑结构认识的局限性,导致实际运行中会出现非设计要求的工作模态或潜在电路,它们附加在正常工作模态中,使变换器特性异常。为探明所有可能潜在电路,提出了适用于电力电子变换器拓扑分析的广义连接矩阵,由此给出电力电子变换器潜在电路的一般判据,得到一种新的电力电子变换器潜在电路的分析方法。本文具体以三阶DC/DC升压式和1/3降压式两种谐振开关电容变换器为例,对电力电子变换器广义连接矩阵识别潜电路判据的可靠性进行了验证,实验结果验证了所提出的方法是正确和有效的。     

基于链路已用率的电力通信网脆弱性分析

对电力通信网的脆弱性作出评估,找到网络中的薄弱环节,是保证电力通信网络系统正常可靠运行的重要基础工作。在前人的研究基础上,提出了基于链路已用率的电力通信网脆弱性的研究方法。首先对电力通信网的拓扑结构脆弱性进行了分析。然后将网络运行时的主要参数归结为数据在链路中的带宽,对基于链路已用率的网络运行脆弱性进行分析,找到网络的薄弱点。最后将结构脆弱性和运行脆弱性结合,求出电力通信网络整体的脆弱性。并且通过对一个14节点网络的分析,得到每个节点的脆弱性以及网络整体的脆弱性,从而对基于链路已用率的电力通信网脆弱性研究方法进行了验证。     

电力电子变换器非线性混沌现象及其应用研究

电力电子变换器混沌现象是一个必须加以重视的问题,它的研究一方面将深刻认识电力电子变换器的本质,分析一些以往无法解释的现象,如不规则的电磁噪声、系统运行的不稳定工作状态;另一方面将基于混沌现象提出新的设计方法和控制策略,实现现有电力电子变换器无法达到的性能.为此,本文将从确定性运动、随机运动角度分析电力电子变换器混沌现象研究的必然性,明确电力电子变换器混沌现象的研究目的.文中主要以DC-DC变换器为研究对象,对电力电子变换器混沌现象的基本类型进行分析和综合,由此展望对电力电子变换器混沌研究的发展和未来应用的前景.     

低压直流系统短路故障特性研究

低压直流系统母线短路故障会对系统的安全性和可靠性造成严重威胁,为计算其最大预期短路电流,首先从电力电子层面深入分析了几种典型拓扑的短路故障电流特性,将短路过程分为2个阶段:电容放电阶段和电源-电感放电阶段,并推导了不同阶段的短路电流表达式。电源-电感放电阶段的电流称为短路稳态电流,其特性与变换器拓扑有关,根据变换器拓扑对短路稳态电流的控制能力,将变换器拓扑分为可控型和不可控型。分析了低压直流系统中不同的电源特性对不可控型拓扑短路电流的影响,并推算低压直流系统的最大预期短路电流。最后搭建了MATLAB/Simulink仿真模型,对理论分析进行了验证。     

基于复杂网络理论的电力通信网脆弱性分析

以复杂网络理论为基础,对电力通信网进行拓扑建模、基本参数计算和网络特性分析,对于确保电力系统安全运行和加强电网健壮性有重要影响。针对电力通信网的业务特点,依据度数、介数指标找出网络脆弱点,修改传统效能函数,并以此函数作为衡量网络脆弱性的指标,确定网络脆弱点。最后,以某2个实际电力通信网为例进行了网络特性分析,针对不同故障模式对其进行攻击脆弱性仿真。根据仿真结果,分析了异构网络的本质脆弱性,总结了影响电力通信网脆弱性的因素。     

带恒功率负载DC-DC变换器的Lyapunov指数计算和动力学特性分析

针对带恒功率负载的DC-DC变换器在切换点处不存在Jacobi矩阵而无法计算系统的Lyapunov指数的问题,利用局部映射构成系统的复合Poincaré映射的方法研究该类系统的Lyapunov指数的计算方法,并据此分析系统的动力学特性。以带恒功率负载的电流模式Buck变换器为例,首先推导系统非切换阶段的局部映射和在不同模态下发生负载切换时的零时间不连续映射;然后利用局部映射构成系统的复合Poincaré映射,从而推导出系统Lyapunov指数的计算方法;最后通过数值模拟及电路仿真证明了算法的正确性。负载切换映射的引入使Lyapunov指数的计算精度得到进一步提高,本文的研究结果可为分析电力电子级联系统的非线性分段光滑动力学特性提供依据。     

基于新型全桥变换器的高压直流断路器研究

基于新型全桥变换器拓扑和新的控制方法,提出了一种应用于高压直流输电(HVDC)系统中的高压直流断路器。该断路器能够在升压和降压稳定运行时快速切断短路电流故障。相对于其他文献中已提出的高压直流断路器拓扑,基于新型全桥变换器的新型电力电子高压直流断路器具有更好的控制功能、更低的制造成本及更少的能量损失,对HVDC的稳定和可靠性均具有重要的研究意义。     

A Multi-Functional Single-Stage Power Electronic Interface for Plug-In Electric Vehicles Application

This paper proposes a Zeta-derived non-isolated single-stage power electronic interface for on-board application of plug-in electric vehicles, which provides all modes (plug-in charging, propulsion, and regenerative braking) of vehicle operation. In addition, the proposed converter can charge the battery through universal input voltage range, i.e., 90–260 V due to buck/boost operations in plug-in charging mode. In propulsion and regenerative braking modes, the proposed converter operates as conventional boost and buck DC/DC converter, respectively. Compared to existing single-stage converters, the proposed converter has least components to those converters which have buck/boost operation in plug-in charging mode. A voltage/current stresses and loss analysis of the converter have been investigated for each mode of converter operation. Detailed simulation and experimental results are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed converter.     

Buck变换器的多频率矩阵模型及其在分布式供电系统中的应用

电力电子变换器是频域内典型的单输入多输出系统,当输入某一频率的扰动信号时,变换器各状态变量既包含扰动频率分量,也包含与扰动相关的边带频率成分。在包含多个电力电子变换器的分布式供电系统中,一个变换器的开关纹波为另一个变换器的扰动,这种相互作用在某些情况下可能会导致母线电压差频振荡从而影响系统电能质量。然而,传统小信号模型以单个变换器的分析和设计为背景提出,主要用于描述变换器的低频特性。由于这些模型忽略了开关变换器的很多固有特性,因此不能准确地分析上述变换器之间在开关频率附近的相互作用。为此,提出了一种新的矩阵小信号模型并以Buck变换器为例进行了详细的说明。该模型可以准确地描述变换器的单输入多输出特性,并解释分布式供电系统中电力电子变换器相互作用导致的母线电压差频振荡现象。对比结果表明,传统的平均小信号模型和多频率小信号模型都是所提出的矩阵模型在不同情况下的近似。仿真和实验结果证明了所提模型的准确性和有效性。     

基于深度置信网络的双馈风机变换器开路故障诊断

双馈风机的定子与电网直接连接,转子通过转子侧变换器和网侧变换器与电网进行功率交换。变换器的电力电子开关容易发生开路故障,影响双馈风机的安全稳定运行。文中针对双馈风机常见的变换器开路故障,提出一种基于深度置信网络的故障诊断方法。首先分析了双馈风机在转子侧变换器和网侧变换器的单个和双个开关管故障下的输出响应。基于双馈风机的变换器开路故障数据,构造多层受限玻尔兹曼机结构,充分利用深度置信网络优异的模式识别能力,深度提取不同故障条件和运行工况下转子电流和网侧电流的信号特征,提高算法准确度。仿真结果表明,该故障诊断方法能够准确识别单开关和双开关的多类型复杂故障。     

混沌映射抑制Buck变换器电磁干扰水平的原理研究

为了提高Buck变换器的电磁兼容性能,基于混沌现象的宽频谱特性提出了一种新的变换器控制策略。本文首先详细推导了能够产生可控幅度混沌序列的Logistic映射形式,然后以峰值电流型滞环Buck开关变换器为研究对象,对其在混沌随机与常规周期两种工作模式下的时域和频域特性进行了对比分析,得出了混沌随机模式可以改善开关变换器的电磁兼容性的结论,但电感电流纹波却相应地增加了,从而降低了变换器的效率。仿真结果验证了理论分析。     

基于长短期记忆网络的永磁同步风机变换器开路故障诊断研究

永磁同步风机通过全功率背靠背变换器与电网连接,实现风能与电能的转换。风机的运行环境恶劣,变换器的电力电子开关器件容易发生开路故障,影响风力发电系统的正常运行。针对永磁同步风机网侧变换器和机侧变换器常见的开关管开路故障,提出一种基于长短期记忆网络的故障诊断算法。分析变换器开关管故障下的永磁同步风机输出变化,基于风机变换器开路故障样本数据,构造具有多隐藏层的网络结构挖掘信号中的隐藏信息,充分利用长短期记忆网络优异的模式识别能力,深度提取不同工作条件和故障状态下的网侧电流和发电机电流的信号特征,提高故障诊断性能。仿真结果表明,提出的故障诊断方法能够快速、准确地识别出永磁同步风机的变换器开路故障。     

一种新型Buck-Boost变换器

提出了一种新型Buck-Boost变换器,与传统的Buck-Boost变换器相比,该电路利用开关电容网络,能在相同的输入电压和开关管占空比情况下具有更好的降压效果.对该新型Buck-Boost变换器的工作原理进行了分析,并通过仿真和实验验证了该方案的可行性.实验表明,该新型Buck-Boost变换器能够实现较好的降压效果,输出效果良好.     

High‐efficiency transformerless buck–boost DC–DC converter

A novel high‐efficiency transformerless buck–boost DC–DC converter is proposed in this paper. The presented converter voltage gain is higher than that of the conventional boost, buck–boost, CUK, SEPIC and ZETA converters, and high voltage gain can be obtained with a suitable duty cycle. The voltage stress across the power switch is low. Hence, the low on‐state resistance of the power switch can be selected to decrease conduction loss of the switch and improve efficiency. The input current ripple in the presented converter is low. The principle of operation and the mathematical analyses of the proposed converter are explained. The validity of the presented converter is verified by the simulation results in PSCAD/EMTDC software and experimental results based on the prototype circuit with 250 W and 40 kHz. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Application of duality principle to synthesis of single‐stage power‐factor‐correction voltage regulators

The duality principle is applied to derive new single‐stage power‐factor‐correction (PFC) voltage regulators. This paper begins with an application of duality transformation to conventional discontinuous‐conduction‐mode buck, buck‐boost and boost converters. The resulting dual converters operate in the discontinuous capacitor voltage mode. These new converters provide the same PFC property, but in the dual manner. It is proved that in the practical case of the input being a voltage source, the mandatory insertion of inductance between the voltage input and the ‘dual PFC converter’ does not affect the power‐factor‐correcting property. A new single‐stage PFC regulator is derived by taking the dual of a well‐known circuit based on a cascade of conventional boost and buck converters. Analytical design expressions are derived, illustrating the relation between current stress and component values. Experiments are performed to confirm the operation of the circuit and its power‐factor‐correcting capability. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Three-phase buck/boost-type high-power-factor switching converter

The harmonic pollution caused by ac-to-dc converters has been of great concern. To overcome this problem, several power-factor-correction (PFC) converters have been developed and applied in recent years. However, several power converter systems, such as the motor drive system, with a wide V/F control range, uninterruptible power supply system and dc power supply system with universal input voltage range, require an ac-to-dc converter or an off-line converter (preregulator) with a wide output-voltage control range in order to be highly efficient. However, the most conventional PFC converters employ a voltage-fed or current-fed type topology and they have a lower or upper limitation of the output-voltage control range. Thus, they do not realize sufficiently high-system efficiency. On the other hand, a buck/boost converter has a wide control range of the output voltage and acts in PFC operation under an appropriate control technique. Thus, study of the possibility of using the buck/boost ac-to-dc converter with PFC and a wide output-voltage control range is important to the realization of harmonic-free and efficient power conversion systems. In this paper, the author proposes a three-phase bridge-type ac-to-dc converter system with a high input power factor and a wide output-voltage control range. The controller of the proposed system includes the following two new techniques. One is the pulse integral value modulation that compensates modulation errors in conventional pulse-width-modulation caused by dc current ripples or fluctuations of the current pulse amplitude. The other is a switching pulse pattern generator, using the idea of equivalent pulse current source for the bridge as a way to simplify the pulse pattern generation process. This paper describes the proposed converter system, the control and modulation principles, and experimental results that show the reliability and usefulness of the proposed buck/boost converter system. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 118 (2): 41–55, 1997     

A new single‐phase high‐power‐factor converter with buck and buck–boost hybrid operation

In recent years, a wide variety of high‐power‐factor converter schemes have been proposed to solve the harmonic problem. The schemes are based on conventional boost, buck, or buck–boost topology, and their performance, such as output voltage control range in the boost and buck topology or efficiency in the buck–boost topology, is limited. To solve this, the authors propose a single‐phase high‐power‐factor converter with a new topology obtained from a combination of buck and buck–boost topology. The power stage performs the buck and buck–boost operations by a compact single‐stage converter circuit while the simple controller/modulator appropriately controls the alternation of the buck and buck–boost operation and maintains a high‐quality input current during both the buck and buck–boost operations. The proposed scheme results in a high‐performance rectifier with no limitation of output voltage control range and a high efficiency. In this paper, the principle and operation of the proposed converter scheme are described in detail and the theory is confirmed through experimental results obtained from 2‐kW prototype converter. © 2000 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 131(3): 91–100, 2000