1,8-桉树脑对白色念珠菌生物膜影响分析

以生物膜形式存在的细菌通常对常用的抗微生物剂具有耐药性。因此,对化合物1,8-桉树脑的体外抗菌活性进行了评价,以探索新的药剂。通过对8种细菌和真菌的最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度测定,结果表明,精油对真菌的抑制作用强于对细菌的抑制作用,尤其是对白色念珠菌的抑制作用,最低抑菌浓度为0.156%。     

老年人继发白色念珠菌肺炎36例

目的探讨老年人继发肺部白色念珠菌肺炎的原因及防治措施。方法对老年人继发肺部白色念珠菌肺炎36例临床资料进行分析。结果29例治愈,4例好转,1例出现恶心症状,2例死亡。结论老年人因生理防御功能、免疫功能衰退,长期大量使用广谱抗生素,应用激素,及化疗等因素致菌群失调,机体免疫功能降低,易并发真菌感染。氟康唑治疗老年人白色念珠菌肺炎安全有效。     

纯化胸腺肽抗白色念珠菌的效果

目的观察纯化胸腺肽抗小鼠感染白色念珠菌的效果。方法选取昆明小鼠,建立白色念珠菌感染模型,感染浓度为0·5×106个/ml,实验分纯化胸腺肽组、胸腺肽组及空白对照组,实验组给药剂量为1·5mg/kg,对照组接种0·5ml生理盐水,感染前后10d,隔天肌肉注射,观察小鼠各项生命指标及抗感染效果。在最后一次注射后第8天,检测各组小鼠血清溶菌酶含量。结果纯化胸腺肽组各项生命指标均优于胸腺肽组及空白对照组,小鼠血清溶菌酶含量均显著高于空白对照组和胸腺肽组。结论纯化胸腺肽抗白色念珠菌感染的效果优于胸腺肽。     

超滤法与传统的醇沉法对黄连解毒汤纯化效果的比较研究

本文分别应用超滤法和醇沉法对黄连解毒汤的水提液进行纯化,并通过测定其主要有效成分－小檗碱的回收率及残渣去除率,对两种方法进行了定量对比。结果表明,超滤法优于醇沉法。     

关于痰培养白色念珠菌阳性率的探讨

呼吸系统疾病是1组临床长见病,病程较长,部分有明显性加剧趋势,并常拌有混合感染,较难治愈的疾病,我们自2008年1月起对我院住院的1000例呼吸系统疾病患者的痰培养统计分析发现:其中G-杆菌占15%,G+杆菌占6%,G-球菌占30%,卡它球菌占18%,而白色念球菌竟占31%。这就说明了白色念球菌在呼吸道系统中起着非常重要的作用,在此我们将对白色念球菌的培养鉴定和阳性率进行探讨。     

一种抗白色念珠菌聚丙烯材料的研究

研究考察了银离子抗菌剂、有机防霉剂、色粉类型对聚丙烯材料抗菌效果的影响。结果表明,银离子抗菌剂对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌具有优异的抗菌效果,但在含有卤素色粉的聚丙烯材料中对白色念珠菌抗菌效果较差。有机防霉剂对白色念珠菌抗菌效果优异。优选抗菌剂和防霉剂制备的抗菌聚丙烯材料具有优异的抗白色念珠菌性能,可应用在多种颜色的医用周转箱。     

黄连解毒汤全方及拆方有效部位群主成分研究

研究黄连解毒汤全方及其拆方有效部位群主要成分溶出变化规律。采用HPLC方法分析全方及不同拆方的有效部位群,色谱柱为Agilent TC-C18(4.6 mm×250 m,5μm),以乙腈(A)-0.2%磷酸水B)为流动相,梯度洗脱,体积流量1.0 m L/min,检测波长为260 nm。黄连解毒汤经大孔树脂50%醇洗脱后能使方中主要成分含量增加。本实验为黄连解毒汤新药研究提供参考。     

基于网络药理学探讨黄连解毒汤治疗银屑病的作用机制

目的：基于网络药理学探讨黄连解毒汤治疗银屑病的作用机制。方法：通过ETCM、DrugBank、GeneCards、TTD等数据库收集黄连解毒汤的活性成分、作用靶点以及银屑病相关疾病靶点,通过VENNY 2.1.0软件筛选药物与疾病的共同靶点,采用STRING数据库和Cystoscape 3.7.1软件构建蛋白互作(protein-protein interaction,PPI)以及中药-成分-靶点-疾病网络,采用MetaScape数据库对关键靶点进行富集分析。结果：筛选出黄连解毒汤有效成分144个,药物与疾病的共同靶点73个,黄连解毒汤治疗银屑病的潜力成分有针依瓦菊素、棕榈酸、白杨素、黄芩苷、黄芩黄酮I等,潜在靶点有PTGS2、AKT1、TLR4、AHR、PPARG等,富集分析发现其作用机制可能与蛋白质转运、小分子代谢、脂肪酸代谢、AMPK信号通路、PI3K-Akt信号通路、HIF-1(Hypoxia-induciblefactor1,缺氧诱导因子1)等信号通路相关。结论：黄连解毒汤可通过多成分、多靶点、多通路发挥治疗银屑病作用。     

拮抗性芽孢杆菌Y1的鉴定及其粗提物抗白色念珠菌特性的研究

目的：探讨并确定车前草组织内生拮抗性芽孢杆菌对白色念珠菌抗菌活性。方法：通过该菌株的形态特征、生理生化特征及16SrDNA序列分析对其进行分类鉴定;利用滤纸片法测试了该菌株发酵上清液对白色念珠菌的抑菌活性,在此基础上利用牛津杯法考查了发酵上清液抗菌物质粗提物特性及培养时间对抗菌活性的影响。结果：菌株Y1液体发酵液上清液对白色念珠菌具有明显抑制作用,平均抑菌圈直径达到（20.4±0.5）mm;根据形态特征、生理生化特征及16SrDNA序列比对,该菌株被鉴定为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌;抗菌物质粗提物经不同温度、pH及蛋白酶处理后其抑菌活性发生一些变化,当温度为90℃抑菌活性开始下降,到121℃完全丧失活性;pH>10.0时,粗提物抑菌活性降低;对蛋白水解酶的水解作用稳定性较好,培养到44 h抗菌活性最好。结论：拮抗性贝莱斯芽孢杆菌对白色念珠菌具有明显抑制活性,且其发酵液中存在相对稳定的抗菌活性成分,具有一定的开发潜力。     

AB-8大孔树脂对黄连解毒汤不同药物组合物理化学参数影响的初步研究

探索大孔树脂分离技术对中药复方不同药物组合物理化学参数的影响。以黄连解毒汤为实验体系,测定AB—8大孔树脂分离前后该复方不同药物组合原液及醇洗脱液的pH值、电导率、浊度、粘度等指标。黄连解毒汤不同药物组合在AB—8大孔树脂分离前后的pH值、电导率、浊度、粘度等方面表现出不同的变化。大孔树脂分离技术可改变中药复方不同药物组合的物理化学参数。     

GC-MS-Based Metabolomics Study of Single- and Dual-Species Biofilms of Candida albicans and Klebsiella pneumoniae

Candida albicans and Klebsiella pneumoniae frequently co-exist within the human host as a complex biofilm community. These pathogens are of interest because their association is also related to significantly increased morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. With the aim of highlighting metabolic shifts occurring in the dual-species biofilm, an untargeted GC-MS-based metabolomics approach was applied to single and mixed biofilms of C. albicans and K. pneumoniae. Metabolomic results showed that among the extracellular metabolites identified, approximately 40 compounds had significantly changed relative abundance, mainly involving central carbon, amino acid, vitamin, and secondary metabolisms, such as serine, leucine, arabitol, phosphate, vitamin B6, cyclo-(Phe-Pro), trehalose, and nicotinic acid. The results were related to the strict interactions between the two species and the different microbial composition in the early and mature biofilms.     

WMR Peptide as Antifungal and Antibiofilm against Albicans and Non-Albicans Candida Species: Shreds of Evidence on the Mechanism of Action

Candida species are the most common fungal pathogens infecting humans and can cause severe illnesses in immunocompromised individuals. The increased resistance of Candida to traditional antifungal drugs represents a great challenge in clinical settings. Therefore, novel approaches to overcome antifungal resistance are desired. Here, we investigated the use of an antimicrobial peptide WMR against Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida species in vitro and in vivo. Results showed a WMR antifungal activity on all Candida planktonic cells at concentrations between 25 μM to >50 μM and exhibited activity at sub-MIC concentrations to inhibit biofilm formation and eradicate mature biofilm. Furthermore, in vitro antifungal effects of WMR were confirmed in vivo as demonstrated by a prolonged survival rate of larvae infected by Candida species when the peptide was administered before or after infection. Additional experiments to unravel the antifungal mechanism were performed on C. albicans and C. parapsilosis. The time-killing curves showed their antifungal activity, which was further confirmed by the induced intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species accumulation; WMR significantly suppressed drug efflux, down-regulating the drug transporter encoding genes CDR1. Moreover, the ability of WMR to penetrate within the cells was demonstrated by confocal laser scanning microscopy. These findings provide novel insights for the antifungal mechanism of WMR against Candida albicans and non-albicans, providing fascinating scenarios for the identification of new potential antifungal targets.     

The Arylamidine T-2307 as a Novel Treatment for the Prevention and Eradication of Candida tropicalis Biofilms

Candida tropicalis is an emerging pathogen with a high mortality rate due to its virulence factors, including biofilm formation, that has important repercussions on the public health system. The ability of C. tropicalis to form biofilms, which are potentially more resistant to antifungal drugs and the consequent increasing antimicrobial resistance, highlights an urgent need for the development of novel antifungal. The present study analyzed the antibiofilm capacity of the arylamidine T-2307 on two strains of Candida tropicalis. Antimicrobial activity and time-killing assays were performed to evaluate the anticandidal effects of T-2307, the antibiofilm ability on biomass inhibition and eradication was evaluated by the crystal violet (CV) method. Furthermore, in Galleria mellonella infected larvae an increased survival after pre—and post- treatment with T-2307 was observed. The MTT test was used to determine the viability of immortalized human prostate epithelial cells (PNT1A) after exposure to different concentrations of T-2307. Levels of interleukin IL-4, IL-8, IL-10 were quantified after Candida infection of PNT1A cells and treatment. Active doses of T-2307 did not affect the viability of PNT1A cells, and drug concentrations of 0.005 or 0.01 µg mL⁻¹ inhibited the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Taken together, these results provide new information on T-2307, indicating this drug as a new and promising alternative therapeutic option for the treatment of Candida infections.     

壳聚糖对桑叶水提液的絮凝工艺研究

运用单因素实验和正交实验,以总黄酮和总多糖含量为指标,对壳聚糖加入量、桑叶水提液质量体积比、药液pH值及水浴温度进行考察,确定壳聚糖对桑叶水提液的最佳絮凝工艺条件为:桑叶水提液质量体积比1∶10(g∶mL)、壳聚糖加入量1.2 mL.g-1、药液pH值6.0、水浴温度35℃、絮凝时间3 h。在此条件下,所得总黄酮和总多糖平均含量分别提高至27.46 mg.mL-1、51.15 mg.mL-1。该方法成本低、生产周期短。     

壳聚糖对赤芍水提液的絮凝工艺研究

采用壳聚糖法对赤芍水提液进行了絮凝研究.通过单因素实验和正交实验,以芍药苷含量为指标,确定壳聚糖最佳絮凝工艺条件为:赤芍水提液浓度1∶10(g∶mL)、药液pH值5.0、壳聚糖加入量1.0 mL·g-1、絮凝水浴温度50℃、絮凝时间4 h,在此条件下,芍药苷的含量达到3.47 mg·mL-1.采用该方法精制赤芍水提液,芍药苷含量较高,且成本低,生产周期短.     

温度对产甘油假丝酵母产甘油发酵过程的影响

研究了温度对产甘油假丝酵母分批发酵生产甘油及其生长动力学的影响。结果表明:在温度为28—36℃时,由于发酵周期随温度升高而显著缩短,导致细胞生长、甘油合成和葡萄糖消耗的比速率也随温度升高逐渐增加;当温度为32℃时最适于产甘油假丝酵母合成甘油,甘油产量、得率和产率分别达到120.3 g/L,0.523 g/g,1.43 g/(L.h);应用Logistic方程对细胞生长动力学进行了模拟,获得不同温度下的生长动力学参数;根据细胞生长动力学参数,得到28—36℃时甘油分批发酵过程中细胞质量浓度同温度、时间之间的一般关系式,经验证该模型在28—36℃范围内可用于预测不同温度下的细胞生长情况。     

两种流动相系统对氟康唑原料药含量测定的方法学对比研究

建立系统1和系统2的高效液相色谱法测定氟康唑原料药的含量.系统1和系统2流动相分别为乙腈-0.063％甲酸铵溶液(20:80)和甲醇-磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7.0)(45:55);检测波长分别为260和261.分别考察了系统1和系统2的线性、精密度、稳定性、检测线、定量限和耐用性.方法验证试验表明,两种系统基于高效液相色...     

照相明胶钙结合配体的研究

钙对乳剂的感光性能和明胶的理化性能有重要的影响。本文用紫外吸收光谱法和凝胶过滤——原子吸收光谱法研究了明胶钙结合配体的特征。并指出明胶中可能存在多种钙的结合配体。     

缓释烟酸与阿托伐他汀联合治疗颈动脉粥样硬化的疗效观察

目的研究烟酸缓释片联合阿托伐他汀对颈动脉粥样硬化的治疗效果。方法76例颈动脉粥样硬化患者随机分为两组:(1)对照组(38例),给予阿托伐他汀10mg/d;(2)治疗组(38例),给予阿托伐他汀10mg/d和烟酸缓释片1000mg/d。比较治疗前后两组血清总胆固醇(TC)、血清甘油三酯(TG)、血清低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)水平的改变;颈总动脉内膜-中层厚度(IMT)、颈动脉斑块厚度(Tmax)、颈动脉斑块面积(Smax)变化。结果(1)经过6个月治疗,两组TC、TG、LDL-C均有明显下降(P<0.05),但治疗组较对照组下降更显著(P<0.001)。治疗组血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)升高20.7%,对照组无明显变化。(2)治疗后,治疗组的IMT、Tmax、Smax较治疗前明显下降,而对照组较治疗前无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论烟酸缓释片联合阿托伐他汀治疗颈动脉粥样疗效较单独使用阿托伐他汀好,且具有良好的安全性和耐受性。