紫外光固化可剥离胶的研究与制备

采用热塑性弹性体SIS与增黏树脂松香按一定比例混合制备基胶,向基胶中加入多官能团光敏树脂,两者混配制得紫外光固化可剥离胶。研究了热塑性弹性体与松香不同配比、光敏树脂的加入量对产品性能的影响,并通过初粘力、180°剥离强度测试对胶体力学性能进行了测试;通过红外分析测试(FTIR)、动态热机械分析DMA以及扫描电镜SEM对其黏结/剥离性能进行了表征。结果发现,当松香与SIS二者的质量比在(0.6:1)～(1:1)、光敏树脂与基胶有效成分两者质量比在(1.4:1)～(1.7:1)时,产品光固化前剥离强度可达6～12N/25mm,光固化后剥离强度骤降至不足1N/25mm,且被物表面无残胶。     

光固化快速成形光敏树脂临界曝光量和透射深度的测试研究

光固化快速成形是基于光敏树脂在特定波长紫外激光照射下发生光固化反应这一特性而发展起来的。本文对自制备的光敏树脂的临界曝光量和透射深度这两个特性参数进行了测试研究,测得临界曝光量为8.8m J/cm2,透射深度为0.124mm。参照所测的自制的光敏树脂的这两个特性值,选定快速成形设备(HRPL-I)的运行工艺参数,用自制的光敏树脂进行制作零件实验,其制作效果较好。     

面向光固化3D打印陶瓷构件的光敏树脂体系研究

光敏树脂是光固化3D打印的材料基础,也是光固化3D打印陶瓷的成型媒介。光敏树脂体系影响光固化3D打印陶瓷构件成型过程的收缩率与脱脂过程的应力,本文设计了含环状结构的单官能度树脂、三官能度树脂及引入预聚物及稀释剂的多组分树脂三个树脂体系,测试了三个树脂体系的收缩率,研究表明引入预聚物及稀释剂的树脂体系具有最低的固化收缩率,有效缓解了因固化反应收缩造成的3D打印氧化铝陶瓷素坯开裂的问题。采用热失重分析和热处理实验研究了三个树脂体系的热分解行为,多组分树脂体系具有分阶段热解的特性,采用该树脂体系制备了光敏性氧化铝浆料,优化了光固化打印参数及脱脂气氛,3D打印厚壁实心(12 mm×12 mm×12 mm)样件与大尺寸(?80 mm×50 mm)的氧化铝陶瓷素坯脱脂后均无裂纹等缺陷。     

激光快速成型中影响光固化材料收缩变形的研究

制备了激光快速成型用光固化树脂 ,分析了光固化树脂收缩的原因 ,研究了光固化树脂的收缩行为对成型零件翘曲和变形的影响 ,从树脂本身微观分子结构和引起翘曲的机理方面来解释零件的变形行为 ,并且提出了从树脂和扫描工艺两个方面进行改进     

光固化树脂线收缩率测试方法的探讨

针对激光固化树脂的特殊性能 ,介绍了一种测试其线收缩率的方法。该法名为圆柱体法 ,使用一定长度的玻璃管作光固化反应器 ,通过测量固化前后尺寸变化 ,可较精确地测出光固化树脂的线收缩率 ,该方法为光固化树脂的研究奠定了基础。     

自修复型光固化树脂的制备及其应用研究

通过HDI三聚体与聚碳酸酯二元醇的反应制备了三臂型多元醇(Tri-PCDL),进而在链段末端引入自修复功能基团以及光敏性基团合成了自修复型光固化树脂(PU-UPY),并通过添加光固化活性稀释剂TMPTA/TMP3EOTA/TMP9EOTA,研究了光固化自修复涂料的性能。通过傅里叶红外(FT-IR)表征了树脂结构,采用实时傅里叶变换红外光谱仪测定了树脂光固化过程中的双键转化率;在测试涂膜性能的同时,分别使用显微镜和光泽仪表征了涂层在自修复前后表面形貌与光泽的变化;采用热重分析仪(TGA)分析了固化膜的热稳定性。结果表明:含乙氧基结构的活性稀释剂TMP3EOTA/TMP9EOTA与自修复型光固化树脂的协同作用可获得涂膜性能与自修复性能较为平衡的自修复功能涂层。     

UV固化粉末涂料的研究与应用

综述了UV光固化粉末涂料与技术以及主体树脂的研究与发展概况,介绍了UV光固化粉末涂料的特性及应用领域。     

迈克尔加成高效制备丙烯酸酯化光敏性聚酰亚胺

为克服传统光敏聚酰亚胺加工温度过高、成本高、介电性不佳、感光效率低、溶解性差等问题,利用多官能酸酐转化为多官能酰亚胺及酰亚胺对多官能丙烯酸酯的迈克尔加成反应,设计制备了10个光敏型丙烯酸酯化聚酰亚胺树脂（PI）,并通过加入光引发剂进行自由基紫外光固化成膜。以核磁共振谱（NMR）、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪（FT-IR）对所得树脂PI结构进行了表征,通过FT-IR跟踪表征了PI光固化行为,并考察了活性稀释剂、光固化条件等对树脂固化行为的影响。再通过差示扫描量热仪（DSC）、热重分析仪（TG）以及介电谱和应力-应变测试等表征了聚酰亚胺丙烯酸酯固化膜的基本性能。结果表明：树脂光固化过程双键转化程度可达90%,树脂结构与固化膜性能之间存在一定关联,未添加稀释剂PI固化膜相对介电常数基本低于3.0,显著低于常规光固化丙烯酸酯单体,添加特种N-乙烯基环酰胺活性稀释剂可使PI介电性略有升高。     

可用于SLA和LCD型3D打印机的光固化树脂配方设计及性能研究

设计了一套自由基型光固化丙烯酸树脂配方,分别从黏度方面出发选择了活性稀释剂,从固化深度的角度选择了多种低聚物,并对最终得到的树脂配方进行DSC、TGA、FT-IR、MTS拉伸等测试;同时在SLA型Form 2、LCD型Photon两类光固化打印机上成功实现了打印任务,证明了该配方在光固化3D打印机上的通用性和可行性。     

碱溶性树脂的合成及在UV固化阻焊油墨中的应用

采用环氧丙烯酸酯树脂为原料,用酸酐对其改性,引入羧基基团合成具有碱溶性的树脂,探讨了不同温度、不同酸酐对反应转化率的影响,用IR对其结构进行了表征。通过L9正交试验和光引发剂与光固化时间匹配的研究,得到优化的光固化阻焊油墨配方,对油墨性能进行了测试,并与日本油墨进行了对比。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。