湿度传感器检定∕校准装置对比分析

针对现有的湿度检测设备,多次进行对比检测,总结了不同检测设备对传感器校准质量的差异,结果表明:JJH1恒湿盐湿度发生器、HMK15湿度校准仪,适合不同型号湿度传感器的现场校准工作;而DJM10湿度检定箱、HUMOR20高精度湿度发生器、C4-340气候试验箱则适用于实验室检定。     

HMP45D温湿度传感器的检定校准

本文介绍了HMP45D温湿度传感器的结构,铂电阻温度传感器和湿敏电容湿度传感器的工作原理,并通过实例分析具体介绍了HMP45D温湿度传感器的检定校准方法和经验。提出要不断的改善检定校准环境,完善检定校准方法,以保证气象仪器在使用中能够提供准确的测量数据。     

三种气象常用湿度传感器比对实验结果分析

空气湿度是气象观测中的一个重要参数。目前,气象业务工作中常用的湿度传感器有HMP45D型、HMP155A型与DHC1型温湿度传感器,为比较这三种温湿度传感器的湿度测量性能,在每种型号中各抽取3支进行比对实验,并进行分析。实验结果显示:三种湿度传感器误差曲线走向基本一致,HMP155A与DHC1型温湿度传感器湿度测量精度较高,除95%RH高湿点外,各测量点湿度误差均在±2%RH以内,而HMP45D误差绝对值则高于2%RH。     

HMP45D与HMP155型传感器观测一致性试验分析

北京市区域自动气象站中的温湿度传感器主要采用HMP45D和HMP155两种型号,为了对两种传感器观测一致性进行分析,文章抽取两种型号各2支在北京观象台进行对比观测试验。结果显示:两种传感器温湿度观测一致性良好;在温度测量性能上差异不大,HMP155湿度测量较HMP45D性能稳定。     

HMP155与HYGROCLIP2湿度传感器对比测试

文章选取全新的86只VAISALA HMP155型湿度传感器与50只Rotronic HYGROCLIP2型湿度传感器作为测试试验的被测件,MICHELL精密露点仪作为湿度标准,双压法湿度发生器作为检定装置,依据JJG(气象)003-2011自动气象站湿度传感器检定规程的相关规定,对两种湿度传感器进行了准确度测试。实验结果表明,HMP155型各测量点误差集中在-2%RH～3%RH,而HYGROCLIP2型各测量点误差集中在0～3%RH。     

雨量传感器检定/校准装置对比与探讨

在确保校准质量的前提下,为节约校准成本起见,利用本单位现有的4台雨量检定装置进行对比试验,分析了不同装置对雨量传感器校准质量的差异。结果表明:ZBC5型雨量检定装置、JJS1型翻斗雨量传感器校准仪、JJS2型雨量校准仪、JJS3型雨量检测系统都具有较高的性价比,适合作为雨量传感器的检定装置。而且,JJS1型翻斗雨量传感器校准仪和JJS2型雨量校准仪适合雨量传感器的现场校准工作,ZBC5型雨量检定装置和JJS3型雨量检测系统适合完成室内检定与校准。     

基于红外测湿传感器的湿度检定箱设计

文章介绍了一种新型湿度检定箱,其温度控制采用高效气液换热,湿度控制采用干湿气混合法反馈控制原理,湿度测量采用红外激光吸收式湿度传感器。通过实验测试,新型湿度检定箱的温度、湿度均匀度和波动度都优于目前计量测试部门使用的所有湿度检定箱,且测试室容积大,可对毛发湿度表(计)、干湿表等大型测试仪表和湿度传感器等进行检定测试,还可同时进行温度校准,具有很好地推广应用价值。     

湿度传感器检定方法探讨

文章针对湿度传感器检定规程中对传感器稳定时间和测量次数没有具体规定,为了提高湿度传感器检定数据的准确性,选用自动气象站业务中广泛使用的HMP155A型温湿一体化传感器。根据检定数据,分析讨论了符合实际检定条件的湿度传感器稳定时间和测量次数,对自动气象站湿度传感器的检定过程具有一定的参考意义。     

虚拟自动气象站湿度传感器的温度补偿

针对湿度传感器测量精度受温度影响问题,提出一种采用虚拟技术的湿度补偿方法。利用LabVIEW平台的图形化处理技术,分别采用BP神经网络、支持向量机(SVM)算法建立了湿度补偿模型。以调温调湿箱、JJQ1气象信号模拟器、HMP45D湿度传感器搭建了实验平台。实验数据表明:补偿后数据误差降低了1个数量级,能够有效补偿温度对湿度传感器的影响,提高虚拟自动气象站湿度测量的准确度。     

多功能温湿度现场校验装置的设计

本文的主要内容是主要利用虚拟仪器技术设计一套多功能温湿度现场校验装置,该装置可连接铂电阻和热电偶测量温度、连接湿度传感器测量湿度、同时还可以测量电压和电流,具有便携、高效、功能多等特点,可用于工作现场的温湿度的校准及测试。     

高精度电压气象信号产生电路设计

针对电压型气象传感器（湿度传感器HMP45D、辐射传感器TBQ-2B和气压传感器PTB220）输出信号的特点,以低功耗处理器、新型DAC、低失调电压的信号调理电路为核心,设计了一种可程控的高精度电压气象信号产生电路,模拟传感器的输出信号,为自动站采集器的故障判断和检定提供标准的气象信号源。设计上分别采用总线隔离技术、电源隔离技术和软件补偿等措施,提高了模拟信号的精度。测试表明：该电路工作稳定,输出电压精度高,误差小于10μV。     

气、湿敏传感器动态校准和动态性能改进研究

本文首先提出了气体浓度和湿度的阶跃发生器，在此基础上介绍了气、湿敏传感器的动态校准方法。本文由实验阶跃响应数据建立了两个被校二氧化碳传感器的线性动态数学模型，并求出了频域的动态性能指标。最后，用模拟网络对上述两个二氧化碳传感器的动态性能进行了改进。改进结果表明，时域和频域的改进效果均较好。     

On-site calibration system for trace humidity sensors

A portable device for calibration of trace humidity sensors and an adopted calibration procedure have been developed. The calibration device is based on humidity generation by permeating water through polymeric membrane tubes. Water vapour transmission rates for various polymers were experimentally determined in order to select the most suitable polymeric material. The developed trace humidity generator consists of a gas-flow polymeric hose immersed in a water reservoir thermostated by a sensor-controlled heater. Mole fractions of water vapour between 1 μmol mol⁻¹ and 350 μmol mol⁻¹ (equivalent to frost-point temperatures from −76 °C to −31 °C) were generated by varying either the operating temperature or gas flow. The operating temperature can be varied from 20 °C to 60 °C and kept stable within 0.1 K. Uncertainty analysis indicated that the trace humidity generator produces gas flows of constant humidity amounts with a relative expanded uncertainty less than 3.4% (k = 2) of the generated value.     

湿度标准设备中饱和器的设计与应用

本文提出了湿度标准设备中饱和器的设计思路和主要技术指标,设计了饱和器的塔板式迷宫结构,解决了标准湿度设备在-30~+40℃宽温度范围内湿度场的稳定性、均匀性问题和低温下工作时的冰堵问题。该标准设备通过了有关单位一级标准机构的认证,可以满足各种湿度敏感元件和传感器的静态测试。     

A humidity generator with a test chamber system

For the calibration of relative humidity hygrometers and dew-point hygrometers with an open sensor, a test chamber system was constructed and connected to a dew-point generator. The system includes several small chambers connected in series. By reversing the flow direction, humidity and temperature gradients in the test chamber system are monitored during calibration measurements. This paper reports the construction of the test chamber system and the improvements in the construction and the analysis of the dew-point generator. A full uncertainty analysis is presented. The expanded uncertainty of the dew-point temperature and the relative humidity with the coverage factor k=2 are from ±0.05°C to ±0.08°C and from ±0.1%rh to ±1.0%rh, respectively. Although the dew-point temperature range is from −40°C to +77°C, the limits for the temperature range of the test chamber system are −20°C and +60°C. The system was not tested with relative humidity values lower than 10% or higher than 95%.     

Characterization and calibration of MEMS inertial sensors for state and parameter estimation applications

Widening applications of inertial sensors have triggered the search for cost effective sensors and those based on MEMS technology have been gaining popularity and widespread use particularly for lower cost applications. However, inertial sensors are subject to various error sources and characteristics of these should be modelled carefully. Corrective calibration is required for successful use for anything but the most trivial applications, body state estimation and navigation being important application areas. In this paper, we review the deterministic error and random noise sources for these sensors, consider a number of inertial sensor calibration tests to provide models for these errors and derive the calibration parameters for MEMS based strapdown IMUs. We carry out these tests and present the results for a low cost and popular IMU. We further provide performance results for an example application of body state and parameter estimation using the derived calibration data and discuss our results.     

An integrated sensor for pressure, temperature, and relative humidity based on MEMS technology

This paper presents an integrated multifunctional sensor based on MEMS technology, which can be used or embedded in mobile devices for environmental monitoring. An absolute pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are integrated in one silicon chip of which the size is 5 mmX 5 mm. The pressure sensor uses a bulk-micromachined diaphragm structure with the piezoresistors. For temperature sensing, a silicon temperature sensor based on the spreading-resistance principle is designed and fabricated. The humidity sensor is a capacitive humidity sensor which has the polyimide film and interdigitated capacitance electrodes. The different piezoresistive orientation is used for the pressure and temperature sensor to avoid the interference between sensors. Each sensor shows good sensor characteristics except for the humidity sensor. However, the linearity and hysteresis of the humidity sensor can be improved by selecting the proper polymer materials and structures.