光催化氧化技术在化工废水处理中的应用

光催化氧化法是近十几年来迅速发展的一种废水处理新技术,介绍了光催化氧化的机理及特点,阐述了国内应用光催化氧化技术处理有机合成化工废水、染料废水、农药废水、焦化废水及制药废水等的研究进展及应用前景。     

TiO2光催化氧化技术在环保领域的研究新进展

TiO2光催化氧化技术是一种节能,高效的绿色环保新技术,本文介绍了TiO2光催化氧化的原理,TiO2固定膜的制备技术,固定膜反应器的研制以及在环保中的应用。     

纳米二氧化钛催化氧化废水中硫离子的研究

二氧化钛具有较高的光稳定性和反应活性，可以用于光催化氧化法去除水中的有毒物质，本文以含有S^2-的废水为研究体系，探讨了纳米二氧化钛用量、反应起始浓度对光催化氧化反应的影响结果。     

TiO_2光催化氧化技术在环保领域的研究新进展

TiO2 光催化氧化技术是一种节能、高效的绿色环保新技术 .本文介绍了TiO2 光催化氧化的原理、TiO2固定膜的制备技术、固定膜反应器的研制以及在环保中的应用     

TiO2光催化氧化水中有机污染物进展

TiO2-水体系在紫外光照射下,在TiO2表面产生氧化能力很强的OH.自由基和超氧离子O2-,利用这一特性处理水中有机污染物得到很多环境工作者的密切关注.作者对TiO2光催化的影响因素、光电催化和太阳能利用等方面的研究与应用进展作了综合评述.     

还原氧化石墨烯/二氧化钛于模拟太阳光下催化降解氯化苄的研究

采用密闭法、超声剥离制备氧化石墨烯,而后采用水热法在还原氧化石墨烯的同时将商用级P25(二氧化钛)负载在高比表面积的还原氧化石墨烯上;用氙灯模拟太阳光的环境下,改变H_2O_2含量和pH催化降解化工污染物氯化苄,探讨该反应的最佳条件。利用紫外可见分光光度计确定反应过程中的浓度变化,以确定降解趋势;结果表明在H_2O_2含量为0.9 mol·L~(-1)、pH值在5附近时有最佳反应条件。     

催化氧化法处理焦化废水研究

焦化废水是一种有毒有害、难生物降解的高浓度有机废水,催化氧化法能够分解有机大分子物质、降低焦化废水毒性,近年来国内外学者对其研究较多。介绍了催化氧化法处理焦化废水的研究现状,包括电极催化法、电解催化法、湿式催化氧化法,超临界水氧化法、催化耦合法、二氧化钛光催化法和超声协同光催化等。对各种方法进行了综述和评价,同时对催化氧化法处理焦化废水今后的研究方向提出了建议。     

光催化氧化技术及其发展

阐述了半导体光催化氧化法的原理，概述了光催化氧化从分散相到固定相的发展及提高催化剂性的方法，提出了光催化氧化法与电化学的结合－电化学辅助光催化氧化技术，它是一项新型的污水处理技术。     

光催化氧化反应的研究进展

概述了光催化氧化技术降解废水废气的原理，影响因素，提高光催化剂活性的途径．以及光催化技术在有机合成中的应用。制备高效的催化剂，解决太阳光的利用问题，开发光催化反应器将是今后研究的重点。     

Photovoltaic solar electrochemical oxidation (PSEO) for treatment of lignosulfonate wastewater

BACKGROUND: Under the current global energy scenario, the need for self‐sustainable processes is encouraged. The photovoltaic solar powered electrochemical oxidation (PSEO) process has been developed to remove the organic matter from a lignosulfonate wastewater. RESULTS: An electrochemical reactor using boron‐doped diamond electrodes, in a batch configuration, is directly supplied with current from a set of photovoltaic solar modules. Experimental results show that the process can oxidize about 90% of the total organic carbon (TOC) of the organic matter in the wastewater under the described operating conditions. CONCLUSION: The technical suitability of the PSEO process has been demonstrated. A model to relate solar irradiance and electrical current was applied and used in a kinetic expression which depends on solar irradiance to describe the removal of TOC. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

基于上转换发光的可见/近红外光催化研究现状及展望

上转换发光材料可将低能光子转换为高能光子,对于太阳能的转化利用具有潜在的应用前景。本文以TiO₂为例,介绍了上转换发光在可见/近红外光催化领域的研究背景,说明了光能吸收、光能转换、光能转移、表面反应的光能利用机制,总结了上转换发光的研究进展。同时重点分析了稀土上转换发光在可见/近红外光催化领域的研究现状,阐述了上转换发光与其它改性方法协同提高TiO₂光催化效率的基本原理。最后提出了基于复合上转换发光的光催化研究思路,展望了上转换发光在光催化中的应用前景。     

自拟合纳米二氧化钛催化污水处理剂的研究与开发

利用硫酸法钛白粉副产稀硫酸与钛原料生产硫酸钛溶液,再与碱性印染污水中和,自拟合生成超细纳米二氧化钛颗粒,催化氧化分解污水中的有机物,减少现有芬顿法过氧化氢的用量70%。采用紫外光催化氧化,全部替代过氧化氢的用量,污水中的化学需氧量（COD）去除率提高14.5%,达到94.5%。开发了钛白粉生产废硫酸作为印染污水处理的经济方法,耦合了2个相关行业“冗余”的化学资源和化学能源,做到了低成本、经济的纳米二氧化钛催化剂的生产合成,降低了印染污水处理的生产费用,效果显著。     

纳米TiO2光催化处理废水最新研究的思考

近几年,纳米TiO2光催化作为一种新技术在环境领域应用的研究得到迅速的发展,但在其研究和实际应用中也存在不少的问题和困难。作者对近年来纳米TiO2光催化技术在废水处理中的最新研究发展及应用现状进行了总结分析,在此基础上重点对目前纳米TiO2光催化技术在废水处理领域应用存在的一些问题和不足进行了思考,并提出了自己对解决悬浮态反应器悬浮物的分离、TiO2固定化膜脱落裂缝、反应机理和反应动力学等问题,以及如何提高TiO2的光催化效率的见解,以为纳米TiO2光催化技术的研究开发提供新的思路和参考。     

染料敏化纳米薄膜太阳电池的研究进展

太阳电池可以直接将太阳光能转变为电能,是解决世界范围内的能源危机和环境污染的一条重要途径。染料敏化纳米薄膜太阳电池具有廉价的原材料和简单的制作工艺以及稳定的性能等优势,是一种很有发展前途的太阳电池。本文对这种电池的发展,特点及其染料敏化剂的研究进展进行了分析和总结。     

Resistance of Fusarium sp spores to solar TiO2 photocatalysis: influence of spore type and water (scaling‐up results)

BACKGROUND: Common irrigation water disinfection methods, which may be unable to inactivate all types of pathogens or even become phytotoxic themselves, are not very effective in controlling phytopathogens. Water disinfection by photocatalysis is a promising irrigation‐water treatment for destroying phytopathogens without the drawbacks of conventional disinfection methods. Previous research has shown that solar photocatalytic technology can be used in the disinfection treatment of bacteria, protozoa and fungi, either through solar disinfection only. The purpose of this work was evaluate the TiO₂ photocatalysis process to inactivate Fusarium spores in distilled and well water. RESULTS: This paper reports on the ability of solar photocatalysis to inactivate Fusarium spores in a solar bottle reactor and in a new 60 L compound parabolic collector (CPC) prototype reactor. Inactivation of Fusarium sp spores by titanium dioxide (Degussa P25) was evaluated in distilled and natural well water. The experiments were carried out using 5 or 6 h exposure to natural sunlight at the Plataforma Solar de Almeria (Southeast Spain). The highest Fusarium spore inactivation rate during experiments was achieved with a 30 L min^?1 flow rate and 100 mg L^?1 TiO₂ concentration. Three different Fusarium spores (microconidia, macroconidia and chlamydospores) were individually evaluated to determine whether there were differences in resistance to the photocatalytic treatment. The results showed that chlamydospores were the most resistant, followed by macroconidia, and finally microconidia were the most sensitive. CONCLUSIONS: Microconidia, macroconidia and chlamydospores in distilled and well water were inactivated with TiO₂ slurry in a 60 L CPC photoreactor, demonstrating for the first time that it is possible to scale‐up photocatalytic treatment for use and reuse of water for irrigation. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

高铁酸钾与UV-vis/TiO2协同氧化效应的研究

为研究高铁酸钾与紫外-可见光/二氧化钛(UV-vis/TiO2)光催化的协同氧化效应,以氨氮为目标物,研究了高铁酸钾、UV-vis/TiO2光催化以及高铁酸钾与UV-vis/TiO2光催化联用对水中氨氮的去除效果.结果表明,在高铁酸钾与UV-vis/TiO2光催化联用的条件下,在pH=8.0,温度为室温,反应时间为30 min,氨氮质量浓度50 mg/L,高铁酸钾、TiO2投加质量浓度分别为20、200 mg/L时,水中氨氮的去除率为97.5%,比单独的高铁酸钾或UV-vis/TiO2最大去除率分别提高了22.5%和14.7%.实验还表明,低浓度的高铁酸钾与UV-vis/TiO2光催化体系存在协同氧化效应,但高浓度的高铁酸钾对UV-vis/TiO2光催化体系却存在抑制效应.     

Removing pharmaceuticals and endocrine‐disrupting compounds from wastewater by photocatalysis

Widespread concerns continue to be raised about the increasing presence of emerging contaminants in the environment. Such compounds include a wide range of persistent organic chemicals, including pharmaceuticals and endocrine‐disrupting compounds whose effects are poorly known, often because they have only begun to enter the environment and are showing up in wastewater treatment plants. The occurrence and behavior of these compounds in wastewater are key issues with regard to water reclamation and reuse. Treatment plants are now faced with the challenge of removing the compounds from their effluent before they enter natural waterways. In this regard, photocatalysis is a promising technology for wastewater treatment that offers many advantages over conventional and some advanced treatment options. The application of photocatalysis for the removal of pharmaceuticals and endocrine‐disrupting compounds for wastewater is comprehensively surveyed in this paper. This treatment technology is not intended to replace conventional systems but to supplement for higher‐quality effluent. The assessment places emphasis on the process fundamentals, advantages, and disadvantages of the technology. It also focuses on the current limitations and future research needs. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

氧化沟污水处理新技术

简述了氧化沟的发展过程，重点介绍了国外两种新型的工艺－－三式氧化沟和船形沟内澄清池氧化沟的基本结构、工艺特点等，以供设计选用参考，并讨论了我国的生物膜氧化沟，指出它是一种很有发展前景的工艺。     

含铁废水色相治理技术探讨

为了解决高浓度含铁废水引起的水体色相变化问题,运用一种高效混凝沉降技术,对初步处理后的钛白粉生产废水进行深度处理中试试验。通过曝气、中和、絮凝、混凝、过滤处理,控制流程中的pH、药剂投加量、絮凝和混凝沉降时间,使废水出水含铁量降至1mg/L以下,达到了国家《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978—1996)一级标准要求。在废水含铁浓度降低的同时,COD、氨氮浓度也明显下降。因此,该技术推广至工业实践中是完全可行的。