K52合金及其涂层的涂盐热腐蚀行为

研究了合金及其涂层的热腐蚀行为,测定了它们的氧化动力学曲线。用扫描电镜和电子探针观察了合金及涂层腐蚀后的表面形貌和横截面显微组织。结果表明:溅射K52纳米晶涂层在含有NaCl的盐中腐蚀10 h,氧化膜就大面积剥落,涂层遭受很大的破坏。而铸态合金腐蚀50 h后,产生已基本连续的内氧化铝层,这层氧化铝对阻止O、S和Cl的进入起到一定的作用,提高了合金的抗氯盐腐蚀。     

Influence of Sputtered NanocrystaUine Coating on Oxidation and Hot Corrosion of a Nickel-based Superalloy M951

The isothermal and cyclic oxidation behaviors in air and hot corrosion behaviors in Na2SO4 ＋ 25 wt% K2SO4 salt of M951 cast superalloy and a sputtered nanocrystalline coating of the same material were studied. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy were employed to examine the morphologies and phase composition of the M951 alloy and nanocrystalline coating before and after oxidation and hot corrosion. The as-sputtered nanocrystalline layer has a homogeneous y phase structure of very fine grain size （30-200 nm） with the preferential growth texture of （111） parallel to the interface. Adherent AI203 rich oxide scale formed on the cast M951 alloy and its sputtered coating after isothermal oxidation at 900 and 1000 ℃. However, when being isothermal oxidized at 1100℃ and cyclic oxidized at 1000 ℃, the oxide scale formed on the cast alloy was a mixture of NiO, NiAl2O4, Al2O3 and Nb205 and spalled seriously, while that formed on the sputtered coating mainly consisted of Al2O3 and was very adherent. Nanocrystallization promoted rapid formation of Al2O3 scale during the early stage of oxidation and enhanced the adhesion of the oxide scale, thus improved the oxidation resistance of the substrate alloy. Serious corrosion occurred for the cast alloy. The sputtered nanocrystalline coating apparently improved the hot corrosion resistance of the cast alloy in the mixed sulfate by the formation of a continuous Al2O3 and Cr2O3 mixed oxide layer on the surface of the coating, and the pre- oxidation treatment of the coating led to an even better effect.     

FeCrAl/WC复合涂层650 ℃的热腐蚀行为

热腐蚀、冲蚀使火电厂锅炉管道爆裂,致使发电机停机.对高速电弧喷涂的FeCrAl/WC复合涂层及锅炉材料G20钢的热腐蚀性能进行了对比性研究.结果表明,FeCrAl/WC复合涂层具有一定的热腐蚀抗力,80 h腐蚀后,G20钢的腐蚀增重为涂层的2.1倍.FeCrAl/WC复合涂层在650 ℃涂盐腐蚀时,引起热腐蚀.整个腐蚀反应是铁的扩散、化学及电化学反应综合作用的结果,其中Fe2O3在熔盐/气体界面的氧化沉淀是腐蚀增重的主要原因.     

镁合金激光重熔后微弧氧化膜的微观组织和耐蚀性能

为了改善WE43镁合金的耐蚀性能,采用激光重熔(LSM)和微弧氧化(MAO)复合工艺对其表面进行了改性。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)研究了WE43镁合金及其激光重熔层、微弧氧化膜层和激光重熔-微弧氧化膜层的微观组织、表面形貌和物相;通过GAMARY-Reference 600电化学工作站研究了其腐蚀行为,重点研究了镁合金激光重熔后微弧氧化膜层的微观组织、成分和耐蚀性能。结果表明:激光重熔使WE43镁合金晶粒细化、网状的β-Mg41Nd5相均匀分布和表面稀土元素Y及Nd增加,有效地改善了其耐蚀性能;微弧氧化膜和激光重熔后的微弧氧化膜层都可以显著提高WE43镁合金的耐蚀性能,但后者优于前者。     

Ni-Cu-P化学镀层的腐蚀行为

为了进一步提高Ni-P镀层的耐蚀性能,在Ni-P化学镀液中加入硫酸铜制备了Ni-Cu-P三元合金化学镀层,测试了镀层的沉积速度,采用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了镀层的表面形貌,测试了镀层在5.0%H2SO4,5.0%NaOH及3.5%NaCl溶液中的动电位极化曲线,并与Ni-P化学镀层进行了比较。结果表明:Ni-Cu-P镀层表面的胞状物比Ni-P镀层的更加细小,镀层致密性更好;Ni-Cu-P镀层在3种介质中均表现出更好的耐均匀腐蚀性和抗点蚀性能,主要是因为Ni-Cu-P镀层的非晶态结构减少了镀层缺陷数量,从而减少了腐蚀发生的敏感位置和腐蚀微电池的数量,同时更加细小的晶粒也使Ni-Cu-P镀层比Ni-P镀层更容易钝化和维持钝态,另外Ni-Cu-P镀层更为致密也减少了腐蚀介质渗入基体的通道。     

AlSiY扩散涂层的高温氧化及热腐蚀行为

采用电弧离子镀技术和后续扩散处理,制备了AlSiY扩散涂层。同时研究了AlSiY扩散涂层在1000℃下的高温氧化行为和900℃下Na2SO4+NaCl混合盐中的热腐蚀行为。实验结果表明:AlSiY扩散涂层主要由β-NiAl相以及一些弥散分布的α-W、CoWSi相组成。氧化和腐蚀过程中涂层中β-NiAl相提供Al源在表面形成了连续致密的Al2O3膜,使涂层具有很好的抗高温氧化和抗热腐蚀能力。     

55Al—Zn合金镀层耐蚀机理的研究

通过对热浸镀铝锌合金层在不同介质中的腐蚀产物的表面电阻测量、交流阻抗法测R_p及C_d、X—射线衍射等试验,从宏观到微观得出相互一致的结论,即55Al—Zn层在各种介质的腐蚀产物为一层致密的、不易导电的异相薄膜,它主要由含结晶水的硫酸铝锌的非晶体物质组成。它的生成有助于提高55Al—Zn层的耐蚀性。     

镁合金蓝色微弧氧化膜的制备及其耐蚀性能

过去,将微孤氧化着色用于材料装饰的研究较少。采用微孤氧化技术在ZM5镁合金表面制备了蓝色的微弧氧化层,研究了主盐Na2SiO3、着色剂CoSO4浓度和氧化时间对蓝色膜层的影响。结果表明：在70g／LNa2SiO3,2g／LCoSO4,电压440V,氧化时间20min条件下,能够获得膜层厚度为82μm的致密蓝色微弧氧化膜...     

Oxidation and Hot Corrosion of Gradient Thermal Barrier Coatings Prepared by EB-PVD

The performances of gradient thermal barrier coatings (GTBCs) produced by EB-PVD were evaluated by isothermal oxidation and cyclic hot corrosion (HTHC) tests. Compared with conventional two-layered TBCs, the GTBCs exhibite better resistance to not only oxidation but also hot-corrosion. A dense Al2O3 layer in the GTBCs effectively prohibites inward diffusion of O and S and outward diffusion of Al and Cr during the tests. On the other hand, an "inlaid" interface, resulting from oxidation of the Al along the columnar grains of the bond coat, enhances the adherence of AI2O3 layer. Failure of the GTBC finally occurred by cracking at the interface between the bond coat and AI2O3 layer, due to the combined effect of sulfidation of the bond coat and thermal cvcling.     

Protective Effect of the Sputtered TiAlCrAg Coating on the High-Temperature Oxidation and Hot Corrosion Resistance of Ti-Al-Nb Alloy

The effect of a sputtered Ti-48AI-8Cr-2Ag (at. pct) coating on the oxidation resistance of the cast Ti-46.5AI-5Nb (at. pct) alloy was investigated in air at 1000-1100℃. Hot corrosion in molten 75 wt pct Na2SO4+25 wt pct K2SO4 was investigated at 900℃. The scale on the cast TiAINb tends to spall in air, while the scale on coating is very adherent. The sputtered Ti-48AI-8Cr-2Ag coating remarkably improved high temperature oxidation resistance of the cast Ti-46.5AI-5Nb alloy because of the formation of an adherent Al2O3 scale. Due to the inward diffusion of Cr, Kirkendall voids were found at the coating/substrate interface. TiAICrAg coating provided excellent hot corrosion resistance for TiAINb alloy in molten 75 wt pct Na2SO4+25 wt pct K2S04 at 900℃ due to the formation of a continuous Al2O3 scale.     

电沉积RE-Ni-W-P-SiC复合镀层的腐蚀行为研究

研究了RE-Ni-W-P-SiC复合镀层在10％HCl，10％FeCl3，10％H2SO4和40％H3PO4等介质中的腐蚀行为。结果表明，以Ni-W-P合金为基体的复合材料镀层在镀态或热处理条件下，在硫酸、磷酸、盐酸和氯化铁溶液中具有较好的耐蚀性，其耐蚀性优于316L不锈钢；RE-Ni-W-P-SiC复合镀层在硫酸和磷酸溶液中的耐腐蚀性更明显；RE-Ni-W-P-SiC复合镀层在硫酸和磷酸溶液中的腐蚀为缝隙腐蚀和晶间腐蚀，而在盐酸和氯化铁溶液中的腐蚀为点蚀和晶间腐蚀。     

涂层缺陷对涂层失效与基体腐蚀行为的影响研究

通过对涂层缺陷、涂层起泡、湿附着力等研究领域的回顾，讨论了涂层缺陷对腐蚀性介质离子在涂层中的传输行为、涂层失效、基体腐蚀行为等方面的影响。在此基础上，针对涂层缺陷研究现状中存在的一些未解决问题，提出了诸如计算机支持技术等可能的解决方法。     

镁合金微弧氧化及后续涂装耐盐雾腐蚀的研究

对AZ91D镁合金进行微弧氧化处理,并在其基础上进行不同的后续表面处理,通过中性盐雾试验分析比较了几组表面处理结合方法对镁合金耐腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明:微弧氧化陶瓷层与电泳漆膜相结合的防护体系耐腐蚀性能最好.这与微弧氧化膜改善了镁合金表面的显微结构从而与有机涂层有良好的吸附和嵌合作用的特点有关.采用微弧氧化及合理的后续处理工艺完全可以满足高耐腐蚀性的要求.     

硫化氢盐水中55%Al-Zn镀层的腐蚀行为

制备了55％Al-Zn镀层钢板，镀层中间相的化学成分为52．02％Al、3．89％Zn、2．42％Si、41．66％Fe，熔炼了中间相合金，测试了中间相合金在不同浓度硫化氢盐水中的腐蚀速率，探讨了其腐蚀行为。测试了中间相合金在硫化氢盐水中的自然腐蚀电位、极化曲线和电化学交流阻抗。结果表明，中间相合金在该介质中的耐腐蚀性是55％Al-Zn合金层的2－13倍，比基体钢高1－2个数量级。     

NiAl/AlBN封严涂层的电偶腐蚀行为

采用空气等离子喷涂工艺制备了NiAl/AlBN封严涂层。研究了NiAl/AlBN涂层在5%(质量分数)NaCl溶液中的电偶腐蚀行为。结合极化曲线、开路电位和微观形貌(SEM)观察,对封严涂层的腐蚀机理进行了探讨。通过计算出的平均电偶电流密度,评价了NiAl/AlBN封严涂层的电偶腐蚀敏感性。结果表明,AlBN涂层的腐蚀电位较NiAl涂层低,两者相差约70mV,电偶腐蚀过程中,腐蚀电位较低的AlBN涂层作为电偶对的阳极发生腐蚀,NiAl涂层作为阴极得到保护。NiAl/AlBN涂层的电偶电流密度为3.5331μA/cm2。电偶腐蚀后,电偶对的阳极、阴极的自腐蚀电位均降低了,阳极电位从-808mV负移到-883mV,阴极电位从-740mV负移到-800mV;电偶电位为-814mV。随着腐蚀时间的延长,AlBN涂层的防护性能逐渐减弱。     

冷喷涂CoNiCrAlY涂层在Na_2SO_4熔盐中的热腐蚀行为

利用冷喷涂技术制备CoNiCrAlY涂层,并对涂层进行了真空预氧化处理。结合X射线衍射,扫描电镜,能谱分析等方法研究预氧化处理前后的CoNiCrAlY涂层在900℃的Na2SO4熔盐中的热腐蚀行为。结果表明:冷喷涂CoNiCrAlY涂层含氧量为0.12%(质量分数),孔隙率小于0.28%(体积分数)。真空预氧化处理在涂层表面生成厚约0.26μm连续、致密的α-Al_2O_3氧化膜;喷涂态涂层和预氧化涂层在热腐蚀150h后表面均生成了以α-Al_2O_3为主的致密连续氧化膜,保护了基体免受腐蚀破坏;真空预氧化处理有效减缓了S和O等元素向涂层内扩散的速率,从而提高了涂层的抗Na2SO4熔盐热腐蚀性能;高温热腐蚀对涂层的破坏作用远大于高温氧化。在相同温度下,涂层在单一Na2SO4熔盐中腐蚀时,Al的消耗速率约为高温氧化时的2倍。     

镁合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜的组织结构及耐腐蚀性能

为了提高镁合金的耐蚀性,采用氢氧化钠-六偏磷酸钠-醋酸钙电解液,利用微弧氧化技术在AZ91D镁合金表面原位生长含有钙、磷的陶瓷膜,研究了醋酸钙浓度对陶瓷膜的厚度、表面粗糙度、形貌、成分、相组成及其在模拟体液中耐蚀性的影响。结果表明:陶瓷膜主要为MgO相,且含有Ca和P;膜层表面具有多孔结构;增加电解液中醋酸钙浓度,膜层变厚,粗糙度先增大后减小,Ca含量增多;陶瓷膜使镁合金的耐蚀性提高;电解液加入醋酸钙后,制得的膜层耐蚀性下降,含0.4 g/L醋酸钙的电解液制得的膜层的耐蚀性在含Ca膜层中最好。     

高频脉冲电沉积Ni-SiC镀层在H_2SO_4溶液中的耐蚀性能

通过失重法和阳极极化曲线,研究了高频脉冲电沉积Ni-SiC复合镀层在15%H_2SO_4溶液中的耐蚀性与脉冲电源频率的关系.利用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了Ni-SiC复合镀层在15%H_2SO_4溶液中腐蚀前后的表面形貌.结果表明:高频脉冲镀层致密、均匀,与直流镀层相比,在15%H_2SO_4溶液中有较强的耐腐蚀性,且脉冲频率越高,镀层耐腐蚀性越好.     

Preparation and Hot Corrosion Behavior of a NiCrAlY+AlNiY Composite Coating

In this study,a Ni CrAlY+AlNiY composite coating was prepared by arc ion plating technique and subsequent annealing treatment.Cyclic hot corrosion tests of the composite coating and a reference NiCrAlY coating coated with mixed salts of Na_2SO_4+K_2SO_4 and Na_2SO_4+Na Cl were carried out at 700°C.The results indicated that the composite coating performed better against the corrosion due to the gradient element distribution in Al-enriched outer layer and Cr-enriched inner layer.The corrosion mechanisms for the two coatings were also discussed.     

镁合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜的微观结构、相成分和耐腐蚀性能

为获得耐腐蚀性优良的镁合金表面膜层,在含5 g/L硅酸钠、2 g/L磷酸钠和1 g/L氢氧化钠的复合溶液中,用自制设备对AZ91D镁合金进行了微弧氧化.利用扫描电镜和X射线衍射分析了AZ91D 镁合金表面微弧氧化陶瓷膜的表面形貌、截面结构和相组成.结果表明:AZ91D 微弧氧化陶瓷膜由疏松层和致密层组成,疏松层陶瓷膜疏松,厚度较大,且存在一些孔洞;致密层陶瓷膜与基体金属结合紧密,陶瓷膜主要由MgO,Mg2SiO4,Mg3(PO4)2和MgAl2O4组成.在3.5%的NaCl溶液中,微弧氧化陶瓷膜的自腐蚀电位为-1 390 mV,而镁合金基体的为-1 540 mV,表明经微弧氧化处理后AZ91D 镁合金的耐蚀性有较大提高.