Population Urbanization and Carbon Emission Control: the Construction of an Analysis Framework

Population urbanization is closely related to carbon emission control, but the relationship between them is uncertain. Population urbanization makes carbon emit more greatly, which is the main cause of carbon emission increase. Therefore, population urbanization can also be the “key” to control carbon emission effectively. This article constructs the analysis framework of carbon emission control mechanism in the aspect of population urbanization, and identifies it preliminarily: the development of population urbanization will increase the number and scale of cities; the spatial distribution, the life and the production activities of the urbanized population con-stitute the three city depa rtments-life, traffic and production, which are also the three sources of carbon emission. It is the increase of number and scale of cities, different flow of migration to cities and the changes of the spatial distribution, the life and the production activities of the urbanized population that leads to different carbon emis-sion. This is not only the carbon emission mechanism of population urbanization, but also the clue to the scientific way to promote the low carbon of population urbanization.     

The Development and Utilization of Energy Resources and the Issue of Low-Carbon

The development and utilization of fossil energy including coal, oil, natural gas etc is closely related to global environmental change. The key to the solvency of the global environmental pollution and climate change is developing low-carbon and renewable energy. In this paper, we analyze in depth the relationship between the energy development and utilization and of energy resources the issue of low-carbon. This article first summarizes the history of the development of the energy revolution, described the impact of energy development on world civilization and human development; then, the article provides a detailed analysis of the progress in energy development and utilization, and the environmental problems caused by the process of development and utilization, such as air and water pollution; finally, some important measures for the development and utilization of energy resources are listed and the trend in energy development is discussed. This article puts forward 4 suggestions for China's energy development: (a) Improve energy efficiency by insisting on utilizing high-carbon energy with the model of low-carbon utilization; (b) Promote the use of low-carbon energy, and exert great efforts to develop unconventional oil and gas; (c) Strengthen international cooperation to develop overseas oil and gas market. (d) Make great efforts to develop new types of low-carbon energy and renewable energy. The development of low-carbon energy in China has great significance. The adjustment of energy structure and the development of low-carbon economy are the fundamental strategy of sustainable development of China’ s energy economy.     

Analysis on the Soil Carbon Sequestration Potential under the Ecological Agriculture Mode: a Case Study of the Winter Wheat-Summer Corn Rotation System of Hongyi Organic Farm

Under the premise of guaranteeing the non-decrease even increase the food production, the application of eco-agriculture can not only improve the ecological environment of the farmland, but also reduce greenhouse gas emissions and create more job opportunities for the farmers. According to the thought of “Chicken farming in the North, livestock rising in the South”, we breed beef cattle in a typical north village and successfully tackle the crop residues burning and excessive chemical fertilizer using problems and enhance the carbon storage in the soil. The dynamic changes of organic matter, total nitrogen, and C/N were observed in the winter wheat-summer corn crop rotation system with different fertilization strategies. The results show that, compared with NPK treatment in 0~20 cm non-plough layer, organic matter contents were elevated by 43.8 %, 35.4 % and 13.1 % for M, MNPK1, MNPK2 treatments, respectively. Total nitrogen contents also increased by 25.0 %, 21.2 % and 12.0 %, respectively. The C/N were 7.90~11.34, 7.80~10.85, 7.80~10.93, and 7.04~10.43, respectively for NPK, M, MNPK1, and MNPK2. This study can provide theoretical basis for crop residues/straw utilization, decreasing chemical fertilizer application, and fixing carbon in plow land in eco-agriculture system.