Zur Reaktion von Dicyclopentadiendiepoxid mit Acrylsäure

On the Reaction of Dicyclopentadiene Diepoxide with Acrylic Acid The esterification of dicyclopentadiene diepoxide as a bifunctional epoxide with acrylic acid was investigated. The influence of solvent polarity, reaction temperature and the catalytic system used are discussed. It was found, that the reaction rate increased with increasing solvent polarity. By using tertiary amines as catalysts, only a small catalytic effect was observed. On the contrary, a good catalytic effect was achieved with Lewis-acids. By means of FeCl₃, a vinylester containing epoxide groups and CC-double-bonds is obtained, which polymerizes via various mechanisms.     

Oligosiloxane mit funktionellen Gruppen. II Reaktion von 1,4-Bis(trimethylsiloxy)-but-2-en mit H-Silanen in Gegenwart von Hexachloroplatin-säure

Oligosiloxanes with Functional Groups. II. Reaction of 1.4-Bis(trimethylsiloxy)-but-2-ene with H-Silanes in the Presence of Hexachloroplatinic Acid The synthesis of silicon-modified butane-1.4-diol derivatives by the hydrosilylation of 1.4-bis (trimethylsiloxy) but-2-ene (1) is described. Under the conditions of the hydrosilylation 1 is isomerized with high selectivity. At a temperature above 150°C hydrosilylation and isomerization take place simultaneously.     

Mizellare Extraktion von Zink mit Di(2‐ethylhexyl)phosphorsäure in Gegenwart des Tensids Cetyltrimethylammoniumbromid

Addition of surfactants can influence extraction processes. In the case were the surfactant concentration is above the critical micelles concentration the mass transfer rate increases by the formation of inverse micelles and therefore the micellar extraction mechanism of zinc. The influence of the added surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) on zinc extraction with the cation exchanger di(2‐ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D₂EHPA) is analysed based on extraction equilibriums and mass transfer experiments. The observed experimental results are explained phenomenologically.     

Versuche mit zur Produktion von Erucasäure geeigneten Kulturarten

Experiments with Oilseed Crops for the Production of Erucic Acid The Brassica-species are well suited for the production of erucic acid as industrial raw-material. The five crop species Indian mustard (Brassica juncea), Äthiopian mustard (Brassica carinata), Crambe (Crambe abyssinica), oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus ssp. oleiformis) and rocket (Eruca sativa) were tested for agricultural and seed quality characteristics. The results of the primary evaluation showed that quality is sufficient in all crops besides oilseed radish; however the starting yield level is only satisfying in Indian mustard and Crambe. It was possible to increase yields significantly in crossing progenies. As all species are summer types, their yield potential ist naturally lower than that of winter rapeseed.     

Untersuchungen zur Sulfochlorierung von Paraffinen. IX. Substitutionsregelmäßigkeiten bei der Sulfochlorierung verzweigter Paraffine

Studies on Sulphochlorination of Paraffins. IX. Regularities of the Sulphochlorination of Branched-chain Paraffins In the cases of 2-methylbutane and 2-methylpentane the formation of tertiary sulphochlorides in the sulphochlorination of the parent hydrocarbons could be established by means of ¹³C-n.m.r.-spectroscopy. The relative rates of the various C H-bonds in 2-methylbutane, 2-methylpentane and 3-methylpentane in the sulphochlorination reaction were determined. The relative rates of the tertiary C H-bonds in the sulphochlorination were considerably lower than the corresponding values for the chlorination of the branched-chain paraffins.     

Zur Synthese von Octahydrochinazolinonen und deren Reaktion mit Persäure

The Synthesis of Octahydroquinazolinones and their Reaction with Peracid By reaction of cyclohexanone-2-carboxamide with ammonia and aldehydes, octahydroquinazolinones 2a–f , and with Schiff bases octahydroquinazolinones 3a–c are formed. 2-Hydroxycyclohexanone-2-carboxamide forms with ammonia and butyraldehyde the hydroxyocta-hydroquinazolinone 4 . Compound 2e reacts with monoperoxiphthalic acid to the hydroxyoxaziridine 5e which reacts with alkali hydroxide to compound 6. 8 yields with peroxy acid the hydroperoxy epoxide 9 .     

Untersuchungen zur Sulfochlorierung von Paraffinen. IV. Über die Sulfochlorierung von Isobutan

Studies on Sulphochlorination of Paraffins. IV. On the Sulphochlorination of Isobutane In the sulphochlorination of isobutane at −20 to −10°C a mixture of 20–25% tert.-butyl and 75–80% of isobutyl sulphochlorides is formed. The mixture has been analyzed by ¹H- and by ¹³C-n.m.r.-spectroscopy. It is possible to transform the mixture of sulphochlorides into mixtures of the corresponding sulphonates, sulphonic acid methyl esters or sulphonic acid demithylamides. During the work-up of the sulphochlorination mixtures it is necessary to keep the temperature low, because tertiary butyl sulphochloride is desulphonated at a noticeable rate already at temperatures above 35°C.     

Über die copolymerisation von acrylamid mit vinylestern der 2,4-dichlorphenoxyessigsäure und 2,4-dichlorphenoxybuttersäure

Copolymers with prolonged growth regulating activity for agriculture were prepared by the copolymerization of acrylamide with vinyl esters of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy butyric acid. Some kinetic relations were established. Reactivity ratios for the systems acrylamide-vinyl ester of phenoxyacetic acid (r₁ = 4,08 ± 0,08 and r₂ = 0,943 ± 0,16) and acrylamide-vinyl ester of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy butyric acid (r₁ = 1.50 ± 0,09 and r₂ = 1,02 ± 0,18) were determined. Conditions of preparing water soluble copolymers with good yield and sufficient high content of physiologically active units were established.     

Synthesen auf der Basis von 2-Oxoglutarsäure. II Zur Synthese von Heterocyclen durch Reaktionen von 3-Brom-2-oxoglutarsäuredimethylester mit Binucleophilen

Organic Syntheses Based on 2-Oxoglutaric Acid. II. On the Synthesis of Heterocycles by Reactions of Dimethyl 3-bromo-2-oxoglutarate with Binucleophiles Reactions of dimethyl 3-bromo-2-oxoglutarate 2 with binucleophiles to form heterocycles proceed on two different pathways depending on the type of reactant. Thus, strong S-nucleophiles like thioureas and thiocarbohydrazide substitute initially the bromine atom and form 2-aminothiazoles 3 – 7 and the 1,3,4-thiadiazine 8 . However, o-phenylendiamines reacted to form the brominated quinoxaline-2(1H)-one derivatives 9 and 10 , resp.