Corrosion of Refractory Alloys in Molten Lithium and Lithium Chloride

Abstract

Several refractory materials have been considered over the years as containment material for lithium and lithium halides. Surface modified refractory metals are being extensively investigated for containment of reactive metals, radionuclides and their compounds. An overview of experimental observations and results of liquid lithium corrosion of selected engineering refractory materials are presented. The nature of the degradation and its mechanism has been explained. The influence of temperature, microstructure, stress, impurities and service time on the corrosion behavior for various refractory alloys have been discussed. Selection rules for materials of containment for liquid lithium and lithium compounds have been suggested. Recent experimental observations on the behavior of tantalum and niobium-based refractory metal alloys in a specific molten salt environment comprising LiCl/Li₂O/Li/Li₃N at 725^°C have been included in an effort to select suitable materials for molten salt equipment. It has been observed that oxygen contamination is particularly harmful for the refractory metal alloys where as nitrogen is deleterious to iron-based alloys.     

我国锂资源分布及提取工艺研究现状

介绍了国内锂资源分布及提取锂的方法,着重介绍了从盐湖卤水中提取锂的研究现状,评价了不同提取工艺。结合我国锂资源状况,预测了锂提取技术的研究方向。     

Central South Lithium Plans to Set up Lithium Carbonate Joint Venture

正Recently, Central South Lithium and Tibet Ngari Prefecture Li Yuan Mining Development Co., Ltd. officially entered agreement in Liyang of Jiangsu, which marks their co-founding a joint venture---Tibet Li Neng Lithium Science and Technology Co., Ltd.(shortened as Tibet Li Neng below), a platform on which the both sides operate their businesses. Tibet Li Neng is going to apply its leading technology of "lithium extraction by electrochemical deintercalation" to dealing with salt lakes including Baqiancuo salt lake.     

锂电池正极材料钴酸锂的改性研究进展

概述了锂电池正极材料钴酸锂的结构及改性研究,通过对目前钴酸锂价格昂贵、有毒性、克容量只有理论值的一半等缺点进行分析,叙述了采用掺杂进一步改善钴酸锂性能的方法。     

Lithium chloride extraction by n-butanol

Lithium chloride extraction with n-butanol has been studied using synthetic solutions containing different quantities of lithium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and calcium chloride. Based on distribution coefficients, separation factors and McCabe-Thiele representation of the results, a process has been proposed for separation and recovery of lithium chloride. This process has been successfully applied for production of lithium chloride from leach solutions at the laboratory scale. The purity of this lithium chloride product was as high as 99.6%.     

Lithium follow-up in general practice

Lithium salts have been used in medicine for over a century and are a widely accepted treatment. Clinical practice in the London borough of Barnet led us to suspect that agreed guidelines were not being followed. We checked them against published guidelines and followed up their implementation. A list of patients on lithium was obtained from the local biochemistry laboratory and a representative sample extracted. We looked at the frequency of laboratory testing and compared it with the guidelines. We found that the standards for lithium therapy follow-up were not being met and that while we awaited the outcome of our consultant psychiatrists' committee deliberations, the recommendations were not being implemented. A lithium register or clinic needs to be established in the area, and there is also a need for more reliable and effective implementation of clinical audit recommendations.     

锂离子电池电极材料LiCoO2中锂的分析方法研究

研究建立了锂离子电池电极材料LiCoO2中主成分Li的分析方法。考察了Li在原子吸收光谱和电感耦合高频等离子发射光谱上的行为。所确定的AAS ICP－AES测定方法准确、简便、快速。Li的RSD0.58%-0.92%。加标回收率AAS98.9%-102.7%；ICP－AES98.6%-102.9%，完全能满足锂离子电池电极材料分析的要求。     

锂离子电池电极材料LiCoO_2中锂的分析方法研究

研究建立了锂离子电池电极材料LiCoO2 中主成分Li的分析方法。考察了Li在原子吸收光谱和电感耦合高频等离子发射光谱上的行为。所确定的AAS及ICP AES测定方法准确、简便、快速。Li的RSD 0 .5 8%～ 0 .92 %。加标回收率AAS 98.0 %～ 10 2 .7% ;ICP AES98.6%～ 10 2 .9% ,完全能满足锂离子电池电极材料分析的要求     

Lithium therapy and drinking water

ain causes of failure and giving up in psychotropic lithiotherapics because of instable lithiemy to the same patient or functional acute renal insufficiency, are principaly mistaken diets, those mistaken concerning the amount, the quality and the way of taking drinking water and other beverages. Lithium salt, taken either in two times, morning and evening, or in one, must be absorbed at the end of a solid meal with at least 25 cl. of water. The patient must absorb at least 1.5 l. of water per day, and up to 3 l. in case of physical efforts or heat. The pH of this water and it ionic compound should be stable, as close as possible to the plasma's, without additives that could change its taste. This includes cooking water and infusions. Physicopharmacological explanations.     

过量锂尖晶石锂锰氧化物的结构与电化学行为

研究了过量锂锰氧化物,合成产品的结构和电化学性能,XRD结果表明,合成产品Li1 xMn2O4仍属于尖晶石结构,过量的锂进入尖晶石八面体位置。随着尖晶石八面体中锂量的增加,样品的晶胞常数减小,晶体体积收缩,循环伏安实验结果表明,过量锂尖晶石锂锰氧化物仍然保持原来的两步脱嵌锂离子过程,恒电流充放电结果表明,初始容量变化不大,稳定性提高,锂含量为1．03时,容量最高,稳定性最好。     

In 2015 Lithium Price Tripled,Lithium Battery is In a Draught of the Industry

<正>According toReport on Market Demand Forecast and Investment Strategy Analysis of China Power Lithium Battery Industryof the Qianzhan Industry Institute,currently lithium demand is mainly concentrated in mobile battery and glass,lubricating oil markets,whose percentage is up to 85%,market share of electric vehicle and ESS energy backup system     

世界锂工业发展格局的变化对中国锂工业的影响和对策

综述了世界钾资源结构变化导致的锂盐格局的变化，论述了中国锂工业的现状及面临的挑战，提出了入世后中国锂工业应采取的对策。     

嵌锂正极材料锂镍锰氧化物的合成及其性能研究

运用溶胶－凝胶法合成了系列正极材料LiNi     

Origin of Lithium Sludge and Probing into the Mechanism of Intensifying Anti-permeability of Lithium Sludge Concrete

本文通过锂辉石硫酸法生产碳酸锂工艺的简略概述 ,说明了锂渣的形成机理。同时对锂渣中主要元素的存在形式进行了分析 ,对锂渣混凝土的增强和抗渗机理进行了分析     

锂离子导体材料的研究进展

锂离子导体由于在高能密度电池、传感器和其它电化学元器件中的应用而受到越来越多的关注。本文综述了几种重要的锂离子导体多晶材料 (包括单相化合物、固溶体及复合物 )的研究进展 ,分析了各自的使用性能及在应用中需要解决的问题 ,并对进一步的研究工作提出了一些建议。     

Improving Anodes for Lithium Ion Batteries

As energy demands increase for applications such as automotive, military, aerospace, and biomedical, lithium-ion battery capacities are forced to increase in a corresponding manner. For this reason, much research is directed toward the development of improved battery anodes. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), silicon, tin, and nanocomposites with these metals are the leading candidates for the next generation of lithium-ion battery anodes, leading to capacities 3 to 10 times that of graphite alone. This review looks at some of the studies addressing high capacity lithium-ion battery anodes.     

Waste Lithium Battery Recycling Getting Striking

正In late September,FangYuan Environmental Protection(FangYuan EP)released its H1financial report which shows that the Company reached a YOY revenue increase of 343% in the first six months and net profit attributed to shareholders of listed company enjoyed YOY increase by over 55 times.