现场总线控制系统在液体SO3装置上的应用

结合美国SNAR公司现场总线控制系统在液体SO3装置上的应用，介绍现场总线控制系统的结构、技术特点，现场总线仪表及其主要功能模块。阐述了控制回路的组态方法、现场总线仪表组态软件及系统人机接口软件的功能、特点。     

炼油装置现场总线控制系统的实现及与MIS互连

介绍炼油装置生产过程中现场总线控制系统应用，以及控制系统总体设计、控制系统应用软件开发。采用动态网页技术实现了现场总线控制系统与炼油厂MIS系统的互连。     

现场总线在浮法玻璃生产线自动化控制系统中的应用

本文简要地介绍了现场总线的概念，针对当前流行的几种现场总线，简要介绍了各自的技术特色，并对现场总线控制系统和集散控制系统的优缺点进行了比较。     

现场总线技术应用于浮法线的控制系统

本文简要地介绍了现场总线及Profibus现场总线技术，论述了Profibus现场总线技术在浮法线控制系统中的应用。     

现场总线与分散控制系统

介绍控制系统发展中，重点谈了基于现场总线的控制系统出现的背景，ＦＣＳ配套产品的发展，现场总线国际标准的制订和我们应当采取的对策。     

基于Profibus的湿法人造革控制系统

提出了一种基于Profibus现场总线技术的控制系统，并详细介绍了Profibus现场总线技术在湿法人造革中的应用。现场总线技术由于具有数据传输速率高、可靠性高、接线简单、易于维护等特点，有效地解决了传统控制系统中存在的问题，满足了同步控制要求，提高了控制质量。     

现场总线控制在过程控制中的应用

现场总线控制系统自问世以来迅速在控制工程领域占有一定的份额,渗透到各行业.本文对过程控制和现场总线控制系统的特点进行了总结,就现场总线控制系统在过程控制中的应用进行了分析,与传统的过程控制系统进行了比较,得出现场总线控制系统能更好地满足过程控制要求.     

PROFOBUS现场总线在水泥厂的应用

现场总线是用于过程自动化和制造自动化最底层的现场设备或现场仪表互连的通信网络。是现场通信网络与控制系统的集成，而总线仪表是伴随现场总线出现的新型自动化仪表，是自动化仪表的最新进展。     

基于现场总线技术的大电流整流控制系统

简述了大电流整流控制系统的发展过程,给出了基于现场总线技术的大电流整流控制系统的实施方案。阐述了基于现场总线技术的大电流整流控制系统的技术特点。提出现场总线技术在大电流整流控制系统应用中需注意的因素。     

书讯

《氮肥生产控制系统》，《现场总线控制系统应用实例》     

FCS在空分装置上的应用

从硬件、软件的角度，介绍FCS的组成、特点、注意事项及目前存在的问题。     

Study of arc stability and erosion behaviour of a transferred arc with graphite DC electrodes

The arc stability and erosion behaviour of a hollow graphite DC cathode were studied using a graphite anode in an argon atmosphere. The main factors controlling the arc stability were the geometry of the cathode tip and the argon gas flow rate. It is suggested that high argon gas flow rates might shift the electron emission mechanism of the cathode from the thermionic‐field to the thermionic emission regime. Arcs were generally stable if the cathode is in the thermionic emission regime. The erosion rate of the cathode at 150 A was strongly dependent on the arc stability and higher for the unstable arc operation. Meanwhile, the erosion rates at 300 and 400 A showed the opposite trend because of carbon redeposition.     

喷射式汽水混合加热器的研究进展

综述了喷射式汽水混合加热器的理论研究进展,指出喷射式汽水混合加热器的设计已经逐步由过去的经验式设计过渡为理论指导式设计。分别介绍了传统喷射式汽水混合加热器、环周进汽喷射式混合加热器、QSH型汽水混合加热器的结构、工作原理及优缺点,并介绍了喷射式汽水混合加热器的升压特性、减震降噪的研究情况。     

新型相变式储能热泵热水器的研制开发

相变式储能热泵热水器是一种新型节能热水供应设备。它利用空气作为低温热源，由蒸发器内制冷剂的蒸发来吸收空气中的热量，通过传热盘管将热量传递给相变储能材料，获取盘管承压，使贮罐形状不受压力容器限制贮能。相变材料储能，减少系统体积。通过对相变传热过程分析和燃气热水器、电加热热水器的技术性能和经济性能的比较，指出相变式储能热泵热水器是一种使用前景良好的小型家庭化的高效热泵。     

分布式控制系统控制策略与回路组态方法的对比研究

介绍分布式控制系统的几种有代表性的回路组态方法，包括：数字调节器的POL语言编程法、集散控制系统（DCS）的填表法以及现场总线控制系统（FCS）的图形功能块连接法等，并揭示出其内部实现机理。同时，对三种系统结构中采用的输入／输出补偿、自适应控制功能以及各种变形的或先进的PID控制算法及其实现技术作了综合对比研究。最后指出：未来过程控制的发展将更多地依赖于新的控制概念和策略。     

干熄焦余热锅炉一次过热器超温原因分析

针对高温高压干熄焦余热锅炉中一次过热器出口气温偏高的问题,从锅炉循环烟气存在再燃因素等方面,对余热锅炉一次过热器传热系数进行分析。结果表明,运行时的传热系数比设计值高13％左右,在受热面积不变的情况下,造成了一次过热器出口气温过高。     

DCS与FCS控制系统集成方案

介绍了DCS、FCS2大过程控制系统的特点及差别。未来控制系统发展趋势必须综合DCS和FCS两者的优点,一方面要具有DCS丰富的监控、管理功能,另一方面也要发挥FCS网络化、分散化控制的优势。     

远红外定向加热器导电电极的研制

通过研究和实验制成的导电电极应用于远红外定向加热器，使加热器在热稳定性，节约能源，提高热效率方面获得显著效果。     

Performance enhancement of water bath heater at natural gas city gate station using twisted tubes

Natural gas is transported from producing regions to consumption regions by using transmission pipelines at high pressures. At consumption regions, the pressure of natural gas is reduced in city gate stations(CGSs). Before the pressure reduction process, the temperature of natural gas is increased usually by using a water bath heater,which burns natural gas as fuel, to protect against freezing of natural gas. These types of heat exchangers have a low efficiency and consume a lot of fuel to generate the required heat. In the current study, the twisted configuration of the heating coil is proposed and investigated to enhance the heat transfer through a water bath heater with a nominal capacity of 1000 m~3·h~(-1). Firstly, the implementation procedure is validated with data collected from the CGS of Qaleh-Jiq(located in Golestan province of Iran). A very good agreement is achieved between the obtained results and the real data. Then, three different twist ratios are considered to examine the twisting effects. The proposed technique is evaluated in the terms of velocity, temperature, and pressure variations, and the results are compared with the conventional case, i.e. straight configuration. It is found that both the heat transfer rate and the pressure drop augment as the twist ratio is raised. Finally, it is concluded that the twisted tubes can reduce the length of the gas coil by about 12.5% for the model with low twist ratio, 18.75% for the model with medium twist ratio, and 25% for the model with high twist ratio as compared to the straight configuration.     

Kinematic Model for a Far Infrared Vacuum Dryer

Energy analyses in drying of welsh onion from one source of far infrared radiation at an absolute pressure of 2.6 and 5 kPa were carried out to determine the energy input at which the highest level of efficiency would be attained. The experimental results were used not only to formulate an advanced mathematical model for the prediction of moisture content of onion as a function of drying time but also to study the dryer efficiencies. Less than half of energy input was utilized for evaporating water from the onion. Approximately 73-99% of operating efficiency, which was dependent on the dryer configuration, was converted into radiant energy. The highest radiant efficiency was obtained at 40 W initial power supply, which was equivalent to the source temperature of about 100°C. An 80 W initial electrical power supply at a 10 cm distance of heater from the onion surface showed the highest drying efficiencies. At 80 W power, efficiency decreased with increasing distance from the heater source but at the expense of quality. For optimum drying efficiency without compromising quality, distance of heater from onion surface was proposed to be 10 cm.