Evolving intelligent interexchange network-an SS7 perspective

The role of common channel signaling, referred to as Signaling System No.7 (SS7), in the evolution of services in an interexchange carrier environment is discussed. The importance of SS7 in evolving the intelligent network necessary to support these services is addressed. Interworking with virtual private networks via the out-of-band ISDN messaging channel (D-channel) to extend the capabilities of SS7 network signaling to customer networks is also discussed. For ubiquitous support of ISDN, CLASS, and future services, the interworking of interexchange SS7 with domestic local exchange carriers as well as foreign administrations is critical. This service and intelligent network evolution is described. Emphasis is placed on services and the anticipated migration to those types of services which demand an intelligent interaction and close coupling of both virtual private networks and local public switched networks to the interexchange network     

Performability analysis of common-channel signaling networks, basedon signaling system 7

Within integrated services digital networks (ISDN), all inter-change signaling messages for ISDN and intelligent network (IN) call controls are carried through a common channel signaling network (CCSN) as a backbone signaling network. Since CCSN usually have very strict reliability requirements as well as good performance objectives, performance and reliability of CCSN need to be jointly analyzed. This paper evaluates the mean end-to-end delay of a single-mated pair (SMP) CCSN for various call-arrival rates in a normal state and several failure states, as a performance index. As a performability index, this paper also analyzes the mean time to unreliable operation (MTUO) of a given network for various call-arrival rates at each signaling end point (SEP) and the failure rate of each signaling transfer point (STP). These results can be used in the design of common-channel signaling networks. This performability evaluation can be further studied for varying the failure rates of SEP and linksets, and the various threshold values of the unreliable operation     

The future of the intelligent network

This article examines the role the intelligent network (IN) can play as carriers move to next-generation networks. It discusses possible transition scenarios and examines how the IN could interwork with the Internet and packet-based networks to produce new hybrid services. The article presents a view of a fully converged network, and concludes that IN will continue have a vital role in voice and data services     

The ultimate intelligent network?

An `intelligent' telecommunications network is a network that is capable of providing flexible control of its services and capabilities to both network operator and network user. The evolution to intelligent telecommunications networks began some thirty years ago with the introduction of stored programme control exchanges into the public switched network. Since then the introduction of digital switching technology, common channel signalling and network databases have advanced the concept. The evolutionary path now being followed by many network operators will lead from the universal voice telephone service to a universal information service in which the public switched network will be able to provide any combination of voice, data and image with maximum convenience and economy. Truly the ultimate intelligent network?     

Evolutionary trends in intelligent networks

A number of groups are currently developing technologies aimed at evolving and enhancing the capabilities of intelligent networks. In this article we discuss three of these initiatives: PINT, Parlay, and IN/CORBA interworking. The IETF PINT work addresses how Internet applications can request and enrich telecommunications services. The Parlay consortium is specifying an object-oriented service control API that facilitates the access, control, and configuration of IN services by enterprise IT systems. The OMG's IN/CORBA interworking specification enables CORBA-based systems to interwork with existing IN infrastructure, thereby promoting the adoption of CORBA for the realization of IN functional entities. We address how all three of these technologies could be deployed together in order to provide a basis for a more flexible and open IN architecture. We also identify a number of common trends and potential pitfalls highlighted by current work on the evolution of IN     

The role of ISDN signaling in global networks

A historical context is provided for integrated services digital network (ISDN) to give some perspective on how the current signaling capabilities have evolved. A communications architecture is introduced and used to organize the discussion of the ISDN protocols (i.e. DSS1 and SS7) and to highlight the role of signaling in the overall architecture. The architecture defines a functional partitioning of the capabilities of ISDN, which is used to compare and contrast the DSS1 and SS7 protocols and to discuss the interfaces that support global intelligent networks. The purpose is to illustrate the similarity between the DSS1 and SS7 control protocols. The likely evolution of the ISDN protocols is discussed, showing their convergence toward a single control protocol based on the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) protocols     

Integration of intelligent network services into future GSMnetworks

This article introduces various difficulties and issues in the basic scenario of integrating intelligent networks (INs) and the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). As an example, implementation of Universal Personal Telecommunications (UPT) is considered. This article does not offer a comprehensive analysis, but rather a tutorial view. The separation of cellular networks and IN is not well suited to provide common mobility-related services. The present signaling systems do not enable transfer of mobility-related parameters, such as the cell identity and international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI). A call connection to the service switching point must be set up every time IN services are used from the GSM network. The same information is stored in several network elements, and service creation and management are complex. With those disabilities in mind, two integration scenarios are introduced and their characteristics are compared. However, the aim is not to give detailed guidance for implementation, but rather to introduce different options and describe their most significant characteristics. It is important to be able to provide mobility-based information directly to the IN. Flexible integration calls for changes both in mobile exchanges and signalling systems. Mobile exchanges will be built with additional IN functionality and, in fact, future signalling systems will better carry mobility-related information. Mobility can be implemented with a rather small investment, provided that there are digital exchanges and transmission systems and the basic infrastructure has already been built. The required intelligence can be offered by using the existing Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) or IN architecture     

International standards for intelligent networks

An overview of the current state of intelligent network (IN) standards as described on CCITT's capability set 1 (CS1) is presented. The key to the success of CS1 lies in it being simple enough to be realizable with limited impact on existing software technology and network signaling, rich enough to provide a nontrivial, commercially deployable, initial set of services, and open-ended for growth, both in terms of service richness and penetration, and new capabilities enabled by new technologies. The objectives of IN and CS1, the main characteristics of CS1, and the framework and directions for IN evolution are discussed     

New directions in signaling for broadband ISDN

User networks signaling is considered. The evolution of signaling protocols is outlined, analyzing the forces producing changes in the past. Emerging broadband switching technologies and services are discussed, emphasizing capabilities that might be required. A conceptual model for representing integrated-services digital network (ISDN) calls is presented as the basis for structuring a more flexible signaling protocol to meet the needs for a broadband environment     

IN services for converged (Internet) telephony

Given the convergence of the PSTN and IP-based networks, it would be advantageous to transparently support access to the existing installed base of intelligent network services from packet endpoints, while simultaneously providing newer, more advanced services to said endpoints from within the IN infrastructure. In this article we describe the INSeCT (IN Services for Converged [Internet] Telephony) prototype, aimed at achieving these very goals in networks using H.323. It presents background material on VoIP and IN, then focuses on the prototype implementation     

Network evolution in the context of the global informationinfrastructure

This article describes network evolution in the context of the global information infrastructure (GII), taking into consideration social and regulatory environments. It provides a GIIs vision for the evolution of wireless networks, which relies on the intelligent network (IN) to support the global and seamless introduction of services. It examines issues related to the Internet (e.g., resources, QoS, and security), which must be addressed properly before the Internet can be considered as the paradigm for the GII. In addition, this article discusses the software aspect of network evolution, equally applicable to all network paradigms. It focuses on the emergence of full network operating systems, which should transform networks into integrated programmable platforms supporting the development and execution of a wide range of services. Finally, this article suggests cooperation in standards definition among all players to effectively answer the technological challenges of future networks and provide both fair competition and regulated liberalization. The standardization of emerging network capabilities encompassing broadband, wireless/mobility, the Internet, and ultimately the GII, is presently ongoing in the ITU-T Study Group (SG) 13, the lead study group on the GII, and other standards organizations     

Service-aware 6G: An intelligent and open network based on the convergence of communication,computing and caching

With the proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT), various services are emerging with totally different features and requirements, which cannot be supported by the current fifth generation of mobile cellular networks (5G). The future sixth generation of mobile cellular networks (6G) is expected to have the capability to support new and unknown services with changing requirements. Hence, in addition to enhancing its capability by 10–100 times compared with 5G, 6G should also be intelligent and open to adapt to the ever-changing services in the IoT, which requires a convergence of Communication, Computing and Caching (3C). Based on the analysis of the requirements of new services for 6G, this paper identifies key enabling technologies for an intelligent and open 6G network, all featured with 3C convergence. These technologies cover fundamental and emerging topics, including 3C-based spectrum management, radio channel construction, delay-aware transmission, wireless distributed computing, and network self-evolution. From the detailed analysis of these 3C-based technologies presented in this paper, we can see that although they are promising to enable an intelligent and open 6G, more efforts are needed to realize the expected 6G network.     

AI在5G行业专网的应用场景和使能技术

行业专网是5G网络的重要组成部分,电信运营商通过AI与行业专网应用场景结合实现业务SLA保障和网络优化。面向数字化、智能化的新一代行业专网发展目标,基于行业用户的体验保障和网络安全需求探讨了AI在5G行业专网典型应用场景,分析了基于AI的5G行业专网应用的关键使能技术,包括算力网络、自适应优化AI算法、意图驱动的网络织造、原生多主体群等,构建自适应持续进化的行业专网,为5G行业专网的智能化提供了有效、可行的实现方法。     

Perspectives on the AIN architecture

The advanced intelligent network (AIN) is examined in terms of its history, present day architecture, and future evolution. The history of the AIN is traced from predivestiture 800 and calling card service capabilities, through IN/1, IN/2, and IN/1+, leading to the various AIN releases. The present-day view of the AIN architecture includes the switching system and other network systems, as well as operations. The AIN functionality supported by this architecture is described from a customer point of view, by means of an illustrative service that could be provided from an AIN platform. The next steps in the AIN evolution are discussed. An appendix that provides detailed information about the AIN Release 1 call model is included     

Parlay/OSA与Web服务的技术融合及其商业应用

在传统电信网络中,电信业务及其应用主要通过智能网等集中式智能网络技术实现,通常部署在各电信运营商通信网络内部。近年来,随着互联网的飞速发展以及人们对新型业务需求的不断增加,电信运营商必须将其业务部署与承载网络分开,以向更多业务提供商开放其通信网络,让第三方能够以可管理、可计费、安全的方式参与到电信业务的开发过程中。正是这种需求的刺激,推动了Parlay/OSA规范的制定和发展。文章从体系架构角度,分析Parlay/开放业务访问(OSA)和Web服务(Service)两种技术,比较两者在目标功能实现及其与外部应用交互方式上的异同点,并基于此提出了两种技术融合路线,最后介绍3种典型的ParlayWebService商业应用模型。     

PHS roaming signaling protocol architecture toward global mobilitynetwork

The network for supporting the global personal communication is called the global mobility network (GLOMONET), where global mobility is guaranteed by coordination between intelligent networks (INs). This paper describes the implementation of a roaming signaling protocol for the personal handy-phone system (PHS) GLOMONET, clarifying the concepts of the PHS architecture regarding the GLOMONET. The PHS is a more economical personal communication system than existing cellular systems, by introducing the concept that the PHS service is provided by the most effective use of the existing ISDN and IN functions, where the majority of network functions to provide ISDN services are commonly used for functions for PHS service provision. The PHS mobility function realized by the IN guarantees flexible and effective roaming service provision for the globalization of future personal communication. The proposed PHS signaling protocol architecture is based on the intelligent network capability set 2 (IN CS2) defined by the International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) Study Group 11 and a visitor location register (VLR) database scheme with efficient signal transfer in the GLOMONET. The PHS specific roaming signaling protocol is defined by the service-independent IN application protocol (INAP). The proposed PHS concepts and roaming signaling protocol were reflected to the national telecommunications standards in the Telecommunication Technical Committee (TTC) and standards in the PHS-memorandum of understanding (MoU)     

智能开放的新一代电信业务体系及关键技术

针对复杂异构网络提出了基于业务系统全面解耦的智能开放的电信业务体系（IOTSA）,以及网络资源智能调度、动态服务编排组合、异常行为智能监控等核心机制。通过建立三级接口、四层能力开放架构,实现多粒度的能力开放与全面的资源共享,满足了多场景的需求。提出了业务系统低风险低成本快速解耦、多业务动态协调等关键技术。相关成果形成了系列国际标准,并在现网大规模应用。通过提供大量超细粒度能力、396个原子能力以及灵活的复合能力,有力支撑了运营商及第三方业务应用的发展。     

The intelligent network concept

The intelligent network (IN) concept evolved from the networks which are planned or in existence in 1988 to provide network services such as the 800 service. The IN architecture will require an expansion of the capabilities which recognize the need for specialized processing and formulate a query to a database system. The expanded capabilities, along with an expected increase in the number of calls requiring special processing, place greater demands on system resources. The distributed nature of service implementation, along with the complex interactions among services, requires advanced, highly efficient operations. The authors describe the IN architecture and the process of creating a service in that environment. An illustrative example is include     

IN rollout in Europe

The present situation related to intelligent networks (INs) in Europe is described. The projects and experiences of some single operators and main aspects of a joint initiative research activity currently carried out by various European countries (Eurescom) are discussed. In particular, the status of IN in the Italian SIP network, in the United Kingdom BT network, and in the France FT network is reviewed. Particular reference is made to the basic milestones of the IN project, the architectural approach adopted, the services provided, and the planned evolution. The objectives, the tasks, and the activities performed within the European group are also discussed     

An Intelligent IN

The Intelligent Network [IN] is a network concept to ease the introduction of new services based on more flexibility and new capabilities. This paper describes an evolution towards a more intelligent structure provided by Advanced Information Processing techniques with emphasis on a Distributed Artificial Intelligence concept.